儿童肥胖与代谢综合征的相关性研究

目的探讨儿童肥胖与代谢综合征（MS）各指标的相关性。方法抽样调查湘潭市13，702名2—18岁儿童及青少年，将69名肥胖自愿者及30名年龄、性别相匹配的自愿受试者分为两组，分别测体重指数（BMI）、血压、计算平均动脉压（MAP），测血脂、超敏C反应蛋白（hsCRP）、瘦素（LP）、空腹血糖（FPG）、空腹纯胰素（INS），计算胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）、血尿酸（UA）、肝脏B超，比较两组差异及各指标的相关性。结果肥胖组B超检查脂肪肝等肝脏异常发生率显著高于对照组（X^2=6．47，P=0．01）；MAP显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）；甘油三酯（TG）显著高于对照组（P〈0．001）；栽脂蛋白A（Apo—A）显著低于对照组（P〈0．005）；栽脂蛋白B（Apo-B）显著高于对照组（P〈0．005）；肥胖组hsCRP、INS、LP、UA显著高于对照组（P〈0.001），ISI显著低于对照组（P〈0．001）；hsCRP与FPG、INS呈显著正相关（P〈0．05～0．001），与ISI呈显著负相关（P〈0．001）；LP与INS、BMI呈显著正相关（P〈0．001），与ISI呈显著负相关（P〈0．001），INS与BMI呈显著正相关（P〈0．001），ISI与BMI呈显著负相关（P〈0．001），UA与INS（P〈0．001）、BMI（P〈0．005）呈显著正相关，与ISI（P〈0.001）呈显著负相关。结论肥胖儿童存在胰岛素抵抗（IR）、瘦素抵抗（LR）及代偿性高胰岛素血症，同时存在肝脏受损、脂代谢紊乱、血压、血UA升高。CKP等炎症因子在肥胖发病过程中可能起重要作用。     

胰岛素抵抗与急性脑梗死关系的临床研究

[目的]探讨胰岛素抵抗（IR）在急性脑梗死中的作用机制。[方法]比较84例急性脑梗死患者与80例健康对照组之间空腹血糖（FPG）、空腹血清胰岛素（FINS）、胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA—IR）、体重指数（BMI）5个因素有无差异。[结果]急性脑梗死组中FPG、FINS、HOMA—IR明显高于对照组，ISI明显低于对照组，P〈0．01或P〈0．05。[结论]急性脑梗死中存在IR。     

2型糖尿病中心型胰岛素抵抗相关性探讨

目的：探讨2型糖尿病、肥胖、胰岛素抵抗之间的联系。方法：测定2型糖尿病354例和正常对照组的体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比（WHR）、血糖（BG）、胰岛素（INS）、胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）、血脂等指标，探讨它们之间的相关性。结果：病例组和对照组比较，BMI、WHR、空腹血糖（FBG）、餐后2h血糖（PBG）各时相INS均存在显著差异，全部样本BMI、WHR与BG、INS、TC、TG呈正相关，与ISI高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇（HDL-C）呈负相关。结论：中心型肥胖与胰岛素抵抗之间存在内在联系，两者共同参与了2型糖尿病过程。     

瘦素抵抗、胰岛素抵抗与非酒精性脂肪性肝病关系的临床研究

目的 研究非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）中胰岛素抵抗、瘦素抵抗的程度以及瘦素抵抗、胰岛素抵抗的相关性，探讨其在NAFLD中所起的作用。方法 采用病例对照研究，对31例NAFLD患者的瘦素、胰岛素、胰岛素敏感指数与人体测量指标的相关性进行简单相关、偏相关分析和多元逐步回归分析。结果 NAFLD组空腹胰岛素水平（FINS）显著高于对照组（P〈0．01），胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）显著低于对照组（P〈0．01）；女性空腹血清瘦素显著高于男性的（P〈0．01）；多元逐步回归分析显示：瘦素与FINS显示出较强的正相关性。结论 NAFLD组中，胰岛素敏感性降低，存在明显的胰岛素抵抗，且在不同肥胖程度的非酒精性脂肪肝病患者之间均存在显著差异。瘦素抵抗与胰岛素抵抗密切相关，单独或共同构成NAFLD的一个独立危险因素。     

非酒精性脂肪性肝病与瘦素、肿瘤坏死因子α及胰岛素抵抗相关性研究

目的研究非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）患者血清瘦素（Leptin）、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）水平的变化,分析其与胰岛素抵抗（IR）、体重指数（BMI）的关系。方法非酒精性脂肪肝病患者86例分肥胖组56例,非肥胖组30例,非脂肪肝伴肥胖36例,健康对照组32例,应用放射免疫法测定所有受试者血清TNF-α水平,并测定空腹血糖（FBG）,同时测定非酒精性脂肪性肝痛患者空腹胰岛素（FINS）水平,计算其胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）及胰岛素抵抗指数（Homa-IR）,体重指数及腰臀比（WHR）。结果（1）NAFLD患者空腹胰岛素（FINS）,Homa-IR均显著高于对照组,ISI均显著低于对照组（P〈0．01）;（2）NAFLD血清Leptin、TNF-α水平均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论血清leptin、TNF-α水平在NAFLD患者中升高,与肥胖、IR密切相关。     

急性脑卒中与胰岛素抵抗

目的探讨胰岛素抵抗（IR）在急性脑梗死中的作用机制。方法比较36例急性脑梗死患者与36例健康对照者之间空腹血糖（FPG）、空腹血清胰岛素（FINS）、胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA—IR）、体重指数（BMI）及总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）等因素有无差异。结果急性脑梗死组中FPG、FINS、HOMA—IR明显高于对照组,ISI明显低于对照组（P〈0．01或P〈O．05）。胰岛素敏感性与高密度脂蛋白浓度呈正相关,与低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇浓度呈负相关。结论急性脑卒中患者存在胰岛素抵抗、高胰岛素血症,并与血脂代谢存在密切相关性。     

脂糖舒对2型糖尿病大鼠血浆果糖胺含量和抗氧化酶活性的影响

目的 探讨脂糖舒对2型糖尿病血清蛋白非酶糖化和脂质过氧化反应的抑制作用。方法采用链脲霉素（30mg／kg）一次性腹腔注射辅以高热量饲料喂养9周制备2型糖尿病大鼠模型，然后分别用等容量生理盐水和不同剂量的脂糖舒灌胃9周，并取健康大鼠作正常对照，测定各组大鼠空腹血浆胰岛素（Fins）和葡萄糖（FBG）及血清果糖胺（FMN）、游离脂肪酸（FFA）、丙二醛（MDA）含量及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性。计算体重指数（BMI）、胰岛素抵抗指数（IRI）和胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）。结果 ①模型组BMI、IRI、FIns、FBG、FI、A、FMN和MDA显著升高，而ISI、SOD、GSH-PX和CAT显著降低（较正常组P〈0．01）；②二剂量脂糖舒均能使上述各指标值显著逆转（较模型组P〈0．05）；③脂糖舒二组间IRI、ISI和FMN差异显著（P〈0．05）。结论 脂糖舒对2型糖尿病模型大鼠不仅有明显降糖降脂、改善胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素敏感性作用，而且对其血浆蛋白非酶糖化和脂质过氧化亦有显著的抑制作用。     

单纯性肥胖儿童炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子-α水平的临床意义

目的探讨单纯性儿童肥胖血浆中炎症因子肿瘤坏死因子-α（Tumor Necrosis Factora,TNF-α）的临床意义。方法将45例单纯性儿童肥胖设为观察组,40例正常儿童做对照组。检测两组儿童的TNF—α、血糖、血胰岛素和血脂等指标,并作对比分析。结果：观察组的肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）、胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA—IR）、空腹总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油酯（TG）与对照组比较均明显升高（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）;观察组TNF-α与体质量指数（BMI）、HOMA—IR、TC、TG均呈显著正相关（P〈0．05）,TNF—α与HOMA—ISI、高密度脂蛋白成负相关（P〈0．05）。结论单纯性儿童肥胖存在胰岛素抵抗,血浆TNF-α与单纯性儿童肥胖的BMI、胰岛素抵抗、TC、TG等指标密切相关。TNF-α可作为一个潜在性的临床判断单纯性儿童肥胖生物学指标。     

2型糖尿病抵抗素基因单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)及胰岛素抵抗相关因素研究

目的：研究内蒙古地区汉族2型糖尿病人抵抗素基因5’端调节区单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）及胰岛素抵抗、血脂关系。方法：对81名2型糖尿病患者（分肥胖、非肥胖2组）及40名非糖尿病患者抵抗素基因测序分析，比较3组间SNPs及胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL—C）。结果：3组抵抗素基因5’端调节区等位基因频率比较显示组间无统计学差异。糖尿病肥胖组和非肥胖组胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）与对照组比较，差异有显著性（均为P〈0．01），糖尿病肥胖组和非肥胖组胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）比较差异也有显著性（P〈0．05），糖尿病肥胖组和非肥胖组甘油三酯均高于对照组（均为P〈0．01）。糖尿病肥胖组和非肥胖组之间比较，差异也有显著性（P〈0．05）。糖尿病肥胖组血HDL—C低于糖尿病非肥胖组和对照组，差异有显著性（分别为P〈0．05，P〈0．01），而糖尿病非肥胖组和对照组之间比较无统计学差异（P〉0．05），糖尿病非肥胖组和对照组之间比较无统计学差异（P〉0．05）。结论：内蒙古地区汉族2型糖尿病人与抵抗素基因5’端调节区单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）没有显著相关性。胰岛素抵抗与肥胖密切相关。2型糖尿病脂代谢紊乱是甘油三酯紊乱合并HDL—C紊乱，与肥胖密切相关。     

胰岛素抵抗与痛风关系的探讨

目的探讨胰岛素抵抗与痛风的关系。方法痛风患者57例,正常对照组40例,分别测定空腹血糖、胰岛素及血脂、血尿酸（UA）,稳态模型（HOMA）计算胰岛素抵抗指数（IRI）。分析胰岛素抵抗与痛风患者的关系。结果高胰岛素血症发生率痛风组高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）,甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL-C）及胰岛素抵抗指数痛风组高于正常对照组（P〈0．05）,HDL-C痛风组低于对照组（P〈0．05）。痛风患者的Pearson相关分析结果示：IRI与年龄、体质指数（BMI）、TG、LDL-C、UA呈正相关（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）,与HDL-C呈负相关（P〈0．05）。以IRI为应变量,上述指标为自变量,对痛风组进行多元线性逐步回归分析,结果在α=0．05水平,进入回归方程的因素有BMI、UA、TG（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）,提示BMI、UA、TG是痛风组IRI的独立危险因素。结论痛风患者存在明显的胰岛素抵抗。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.