Evaluation of the quality of the components of the process of manual arc welding using entropy methods

This paper examines important technical issues pertaining to the methodological limitations of the welding techniques currently in use, with particular consideration given to welding mathematical modelling procedures. The recent progress achieved with high nano-technologies suggests the application of similar approaches to conventional mechanics and materials science, with particular reference to welding processes. Recent studies on welded joints have highlighted the benefits to be derived from ‘Industrial Applications of Neutron Techniques’ giving access to fundamental information – not obtainable using other methods – for improving quality and durability. ‘Small angle neutron scattering’ and ‘determination of residual stress by neutron diffraction’ make it possible to characterize materials at the atomic and nanoscale level, offering existing technologies the essential contribution of precise structural methods. This paper describes the fundamental theoretical aspects of both techniques, along with several welding studies conducted using ‘small angle neutron scatter’. An experimental programme has recently been devised by Rogante Engineering, in collaboration with the Budapest Research Reactor, to develop welding processes aimed at improving safety, quality control, and durability control for the joints under consideration.