用矩阵方法讨论稳定平凹法布里-珀罗共振腔的失调对光程差影响

本文用矩阵方法讨论了实践中广泛应用的稳定平凹法布里-珀罗共振腔(以下简称平凹腔),失调对光程差的影响。原理上,本方法适用一般球面腔。然而,为分析方便起见,仅讨论了微小调范围内平凹腔,并且经过理论与实验结果比较,得出三个结论:(1)平凹腔准确地调直时,光程差受失调影响最灵敏。(2)平凹腔在微小失调角范围内有“自准直”效应,以及实验得出光程差随失调角增加而涨落。(3)如失调角小于1",失调对光程差的影响小于3×10~(-9),若进一步使失调角小于0.2",则影响将降到10~(-10)以下.     

分子在失调腔中的辐射行为及双腔Maser的振荡现象

本文用量子力学的方法处理了分子在失调腔中的辐射行为。解释了Higa在双腔Maser实验中发现的现象:当第一个腔的频率失调达到某一临界值时,在第二个腔中发生按分子中心频率的突发振荡。求出产生这种突发振荡现象的临界失调公式。也考虑了合作效应的影响。并定性地解释了Страховский等的分子在第二腔中的辐射功率与第一腔频率失调程度的相关性的实验。     

衰荡腔测量中的腔参数选择

 基于谐振腔失调灵敏度参量随腔长的变化关系,提出了一种衰荡腔,它是由共焦腔将腔长缩短为原来的0.73得到的稳定腔。根据光束传输规律和失调腔矩阵方法,以及光腔衰荡法测量原理和曲线拟合方法,建立了腔长、腔镜角度失调下光腔衰荡法的反射率测量模型。通过数值模拟,研究了这种稳定衰荡腔中,腔微小失调对反射率测量结果的影响,并与相同失调情况下共焦衰荡腔的测量结果进行了对比分析。结果表明,这种稳定腔用作衰荡腔,测量结果受腔镜角度失调影响较大,而受腔长失调影响小;其长度较短,便于工程应用;衍射损耗较小,测量精度高。     

氧碘化学激光器谐振腔腔镜失调测量与研究

 为保证氧碘化学激光器谐振腔的腔镜失调测量结果的可靠性和准确性，建立了使用自准直仪间接测量腔镜失调的方法。测量结果表明，热辐射是引起腔镜失调并造成光束漂移的主要原因，通过采取措施，可以使腔镜失调明显减小。同时证明了该测量方法是可靠的、合理的。     

腔镜失调与面型误差对光束质量影响研究

 在准确测量腔镜面形加工精度的基础上，通过光学模拟软件ZEMAX实现了氧碘化学激光器折叠虚共焦非稳腔的光学建模，利用光腔模型进行了腔镜面形误差对光束质量影响的研究以及腔镜失调对光束波前影响的分析，在空腔的情况下利用调腔He-Ne激光进行了光束质量测量实验。实测结果与建模数据基本符合，验证了该方法的可行性。     

光学元件失调对光腔衰荡高反射率测量影响的理论分析

在利用光反馈光腔衰荡技术测量大口径光学元件反射率及其均匀性分布时,需要对光学元件进行二维扫描测量,而在扫描过程中光学元件的倾斜失调将对测量结果造成影响.本文根据失调谐振腔光束传输增广矩阵,通过数值运算模拟了在对称共焦腔和一般稳定腔情况下,光反馈衰荡腔结构中由样品倾斜失调引起的输出腔镜上光斑中心位置变化以及对反射率测量的影响.仿真结果表明:对称共焦腔情况下,输出腔镜上奇数次光斑无漂移,偶数次光斑漂移量为固定值|在一般稳定腔情况下,输出腔镜上奇偶数次光斑均往复振荡漂移.分析表明,该系统对样品失调角度的敏感程度与样品在腔内的位置以及腔长有关,通过改变样品在腔内位置,选择适当腔长以及包络拟合法可以减小样品失调对测量结果的影响.     

高功率激光器抗失调谐振腔的实验研究

为简化高功率激光器谐振腔结构,提高激光谐振腔的稳定性,增加基模体积,改善光束质量,提出了两种新型激光谐振腔结构,分别是带角隅反射镜的激光谐振腔和直角内圆锥面反射镜激光谐振腔。使用高功率脉冲CO2激光器,研究了这两种激光谐振腔的输出特性和腔镜失调的关系,并结合平凹稳定腔,对三种激光谐振腔的抗失调稳定性进行了对比。实验结果表明,随着全反镜或平面输出镜失调角的增加,角隅腔激光器的单脉冲输出能量下降速度小于直角内圆锥面全反镜腔。两种新型谐振腔全反镜的抗失调稳定性都超过平面输出镜。角隅全反镜谐振腔和直角内圆锥面全反镜谐振腔的抗失调稳定性均大大超过平凹稳定腔。     

大口径薄片激光器失调输出特性

对大口径的薄片激光器的失调输出特性进行了理论和实验研究,V-型腔由平面输出耦合镜和凹面反射镜及孔径光阑组成。基于矩阵光学和失调衍射积分方程得到了激光器的功率失调曲线。实验测量了在200 Hz泵浦频率下加入不同孔径光阑后谐振腔失调对输出功率的影响和谐振腔失调对光束质量的影响,以及在300 Hz泵浦频率下输出功率分别与平面输出耦合镜和凹面反射镜失调的关系。实验结果表明:失调输出功率和失调角度成二次函数关系,失调容限和腔镜口径成正比,光束质量因子随失调角度的增大而变小。     

光学元件失调对光腔衰荡高反射率测量影响的理论分析

在利用光反馈光腔衰荡技术测量大口径光学元件反射率及其均匀性分布时,需要对光学元件进行二维扫描测量,而在扫描过程中光学元件的倾斜失调将对测量结果造成影响.本文根据失调谐振腔光束传输增广矩阵,通过数值运算模拟了在对称共焦腔和一般稳定腔情况下,光反馈衰荡腔结构中由样品倾斜失调引起的输出腔镜上光斑中心位置变化以及对反射率测量的...     

角隅全反镜谐振腔激光器的输出特性

 在高功率脉冲气体激光器中，用角隅反射镜作为全反镜，平行平面镜作为输出镜构成角隅全反镜谐振腔。对角隅腔激光器的输出特性和抗失调稳定性进行了研究，并与平凹腔和平平腔激光器进行了比较。实验结果表明：在角隅全反镜失调角为16 mrad时，角隅腔激光器的单脉冲输出能量下降9.2%，且近场输出光斑没有明显变化；而凹面全反镜失调角仅为0.4 mrad时，平凹腔激光器输出能量下降了9%，近场输出光斑严重变形。在输出镜正前方3.12 m处测量，当角隅镜偏转16.3 mrad时，激光器输出光斑与标准状态时的输出光斑重合；凹面全反镜失调角为0.4 mrad时，激光器输出光斑位移14 mm。经模式仪分析表明，角隅腔激光器近场光强分布均匀。     

Active control of double-glazed windowsPart I: Feedforward control

This paper describes an experimental investigation of an actively controlled double-glazed window. It is the first part of two companion papers, and it shows the results with a feedforward controller. In the second part about results obtained with adaptive feedback control will be reported. A laboratory version of the window was equipped with loudspeakers and microphones inside the cavity. Various positions of loudspeakers and microphones were tested with band-limited white noise excitation. Different combinations of distributed loudspeakers were realized driving them in parallel by single channels of the controller. Similarly the signals of microphones were summed to realize simple modal filters. Plane mode control as well as control of higher cavity modes were performed with a feedforward controller and the reference signal taken directly from the primary signal. Additionally tests with different traffic noise examples were performed showing the ability of the actively controlled window to enhance protection against traffic noise.     

All-fiber-integrated soliton-similariton laser with in-line fiber filter

We demonstrate an all-fiber-integrated Er-doped fiber laser operating in the soliton-similariton mode-locking regime. In the similariton part of the cavity, a self-similarly evolving parabolic pulse with highly linear chirp propagates in the presence of normal dispersion. Following an in-line fiber-based birefringent filter, the pulse evolves into a soliton in the part of the cavity with anomalous dispersion. The similariton and the soliton pulses are dechirped to 75.5 and 167.2?fs, respectively, outside of the cavity. Mode-locked operation is very robust, owing to the influence of the two similariton and soliton attractors that predominate each half of the laser cavity. The experimental results are supported with numerical simulations, which provide good agreement.     

一种用于高性能铷频标的大尺寸开槽管微波腔的实现

铷原子频标的频率稳定度指标在很大程度上取决于物理系统所用微波腔的特性.本文设计了一款内径为40 mm的开槽管微波腔,并在此基础上实现了一款铷频标物理系统.计算和实验测量的微波腔内微波场的方向因子分别为0.87和0.91,表明微波场磁力线与量子化轴方向高度平行.测量了物理系统的鉴频斜率和散弹噪声,据此预计这种微波腔可满足设计稳定度优于2×10^-13τ^-1/2铷频标的需求.     

Dynamical behaviour of birefringent Fabry–Perot cavities

In this paper we present a theoretical and experimental study of the dynamical behaviour of birefringent cavities. Our experimental data show that usual hypothesis which provides that a Fabry–Perot cavity is a first-order low-pass filter cannot explain the behaviour of a birefringent cavity. We explain this phenomenon and give the theoretical expression of the equivalent cavity filter which corresponds to a second-order low-pass filter.     

The new technique of harmonic power combination—Millimeter-wave quasi-optical harmonic power combination

In this paper, the new technique of harmonic power combination—millimeter -wave quasi-optical harmonic power combination is presented. In this technique, by compounding several closed resonators with a quasi-optical open resonator, the harmonic powers of active devices are combined, which takes effectively respective advantages of closed cavity power combination and open cavity power combination and improve the combination efficiency of multiple-device harmonic power combiner. The experimental results for W-band are given and shown this combination method is available.     

Fiber Ring Laser In-cavity Phase Modulation

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TE011腔使用扁平样品管提高水溶液样品ESR波谱灵敏度的研究

实验表明,在TE₀₁₁模式园柱形腔中,不但可以使用扁平样品管测量水溶液样品的ESR波谱,而且获得好的腔品质因子Q和高品质的ESR信号。所观察到的信号高度,是使用最佳尺寸毛细管样品时最大信号高度的3.2倍;又是在具有波导尺寸的TE₁₀₂腔中使用扁平样品管时所获得信号高度的3倍。本文对此作了定性的理论分析。     

Ziphius cavirostris bio inspired acoustic antenna. Finite element analysis and experimental validation

One way to amplify an incoming signal is to design a receiver that couples with the signal frequency. In this study a resonant system made of a belt, one part exposed to the incoming signal and the other part inserted in a protected cavity is investigated. The cavity is shaped like a tapered horn in order to obtain maximum amplification at the horn tip. A finite element model based on displacement fields for the acoustic fluid and the belt is developed. The moving surfaces are coupled in such a way that the coupled stiffness and mass matrices are symmetric. Different resulting coupling modes are analysed. A prototype is constructed in order to verify the numerical results. The experimental and numerical results agree to within 6%. The desired amplification inside the cavity is obtained and the time exposure necessary to reach a stationary wave inside the cavity is measured. The design is a simplified, bio inspired, representation of a Ziphius cavirostris lower jaw bone and its surrounding fat cavity.     

Transient response of an electrically addressable nonlinear bistable optical device

A study has been made of the transient response of a Fabry-Perot cavity exhibiting bistability of the optical output with applied voltage. In this system the electro-optic and optical nonlinear effects act cooperatively to produce the switch, and the transient response was shown to have characteristics associated with both mechanisms. The switch was found to be composed of three distinct regions, a purely electro-optic part, followed by a slow change in the cavity intensity brought about by the electro-optic and nonlinear effects, with a final fast switch up to the high transmission state. The relative magnitude of the time duration of regions 1 and 2 was found to be dependent upon the applied voltage, initial dc biasing and optical input power. In particular, critical slowing down was evident in region 2 of the switch for values of applied voltage close to the critical value. In this case region 2 was the dominant part of the switching time. Overdriving the system resulted in the time duration of region 2 decreasing and region 1 becoming more dominant. Qualitative agreement was achieved between the experimental results and theoretical predictions of the transient response of a cavity undergoing a slow change in some external parameter.     

Transients in optical bistability

In this paper we report on both a theoretical model for the transients in optical bistability in a Fabry-Perot cavity and the corresponding experimental results. An analytical calculation permits to predict the shape of the transient curves and the order of magnitude of their time duration in the case of a slow sweep of the length of the cavity. The experiment, which uses the nonlinearity arising from a two-photon transition in rubidium, yields results in good agreement with the theoretical calculation.Work supported by the D.R.E.T.