H13钢激光熔覆TiC/Ni合金复合涂层的组织与耐磨性北大核心CSCD

为提高H13模具钢的耐磨性能,利用激光熔覆技术,在H13钢表面制备了不同Ti C含量的Ti C/Ni基合金复合涂层,通过显微组织观察、硬度测试、滑动摩擦磨损试验方法对H13钢表面激光熔覆的不同复合涂层的组织及耐磨性能进行分析测试。结果表明,Ni60+Ti C激光熔覆涂层中物相主要为γ-(Fe,Ni)、Fe3C、Cr23C6、Ni2Si及Ti C,激光熔覆层具有较高显微硬度,Ti C的加入及含量增加可使熔覆层组织细化,复合熔覆层硬度提高,Ti C含量为30%时熔覆层内平均硬度最大,为873 HV0.2;激光熔覆Ti C+Ni60复合涂层的耐磨性显著高于H13钢基体,随Ti C含量增加而先增加后降低,Ti C含量20%耐磨性较佳;H13钢基体的磨损机制主要以犁削、切削为主,激光熔覆Ti C/Ni合金复合涂层以脆性剥落机制为主。     

H13钢激光熔覆TiC/Ni合金复合涂层的组织与耐磨性

为提高H13模具钢的耐磨性能,利用激光熔覆技术,在H13钢表面制备了不同Ti C含量的Ti C/Ni基合金复合涂层,通过显微组织观察、硬度测试、滑动摩擦磨损试验方法对H13钢表面激光熔覆的不同复合涂层的组织及耐磨性能进行分析测试。结果表明,Ni60+Ti C激光熔覆涂层中物相主要为γ-(Fe,Ni)、Fe3C、Cr23C6、Ni2Si及Ti C,激光熔覆层具有较高显微硬度,Ti C的加入及含量增加可使熔覆层组织细化,复合熔覆层硬度提高,Ti C含量为30%时熔覆层内平均硬度最大,为873 HV0.2;激光熔覆Ti C+Ni60复合涂层的耐磨性显著高于H13钢基体,随Ti C含量增加而先增加后降低,Ti C含量20%耐磨性较佳;H13钢基体的磨损机制主要以犁削、切削为主,激光熔覆Ti C/Ni合金复合涂层以脆性剥落机制为主。     

激光熔覆(Ni60+NbC)+h-BN@Cu涂层组织与性能研究

目的 通过添加铜包覆六方氮化硼(h-BN@Cu)粉末,改善激光熔覆Ni基NbC涂层的性能。方法 采用激光熔覆技术,使用添加不同质量分数铜包覆六方氮化硼的镍基碳化铌复合粉末,在45钢基体表面沉积镍基复合涂层。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)设备,研究h-BN@Cu对Ni60/NbC的激光熔覆镍基复合涂层微观结构的影响,利用显微硬度计和布鲁克UMT-2摩擦磨损试验机及白光干涉模块,测量熔覆层的显微硬度、摩擦磨损系数和磨痕宽度。结果 熔覆层中的主相为Ni-Cr-Fe,除此之外还存在FeNi3、CrB、M7C3、NbC、M23C6、Cr2Nb等多种相。研究发现,添加的润滑相h-BN@Cu与硬质相NbC会发生部分分解,Nb原子和B原子进入熔池,与熔池中的Cr原子反应,生成CrB、Cr2Nb等,这些金属间化合物具有硬度高、耐磨性好等特点。当h-BN@Cu的质量分数为10%时,熔覆层的显微硬度为650HV1.0,摩擦系数为0.4,磨痕宽度为0.406 mm。结论 相比于不添加h-BN@Cu的Ni60/NbC熔覆层,添加h-BN@Cu的Ni60/NbC熔覆层的平均硬度略微下降,但熔覆层硬质相分布更加均匀,此时硬度仍为45钢基体硬度的3.1倍,摩擦系数降低约27%,磨痕宽度减小约21%。     

激光熔覆原位自生TiC颗粒增强Ni基复合涂层的组织与性能

采用激光熔覆技术在H13钢表面制备出原位自生TiC颗粒增强Ni基复合涂层,利用扫描电镜、能谱仪和X射线衍射仪对熔覆层组织、成分和物相进行了分析,并测试了熔覆层显微硬度和耐磨性能.结果表明,激光熔覆层与基体呈良好的冶金结合,涂层中无裂纹、气孔等缺陷.涂层组织由γ-Ni、Cr7C3和TiC等相组成,原位自生TiC颗粒多呈菱形,尺寸在1～3μm之间,涂层显微硬度(800～1000 HV0.2)明显高于基体的显微硬度(300 HV0.2).激光熔覆层中存在颗粒强化和细晶强化等多种强化作用,显著提高了H13钢的耐磨性能.     

CeO2含量对激光熔覆Ni45A+TiC复合涂层组织和性能的影响

目的提高模切刀具刃口层硬度和耐磨性，使刃口层内部组织无缺陷。方法以Ni45A-Ti C-Ce O₂为熔覆材料，采用激光熔覆技术在AISI 1045钢表面制备不同含量稀土氧化物复合涂层。通过测试，分别研究不同含量Ce O₂(质量分数0%～5%)对熔覆层物相组成、显微组织、显微硬度和耐磨性能的影响规律。结果添加Ce O₂后，熔覆层的物相主要包括Ti C、Ni₃Fe、Cr₇C₃、Cr₂₃C₆等，少量Ce O₂的加入未改变熔覆层内主要相的生成，在Ce O₂的质量分数为5%的条件下，在熔覆层中观测到Ce₂O₃相。当Ce O₂的质量分数为2%时，Ni45A-Ti C-Ce O₂复合涂层表面无渣、无裂纹、润湿角较小、宏观形貌最好，从表面到与基体结合处涂层的显微组织无枝晶，组织得到明显细化，Ti C...     

TC4钛合金表面激光熔覆Ni60+Cu/Mo涂层的显微组织和性能

在TC4钛合金表面激光熔覆Ni60A、Ni60CuMo复合粉末,研究Cu和Mo元素对熔覆层显微组织、硬度及耐磨性的影响。结果表明,在相同激光熔覆工艺参数下,Ni60CuMo熔覆层中除含有Ni60A熔覆层所含有的Ti₂Ni、TiNi、TiB₂和TiC相外,还含有Cu_0.81Ni_0.19、Ti₂Cu、MoSi₂等硬质相。在硬质相的作用下,Ni60CuMo熔覆层的显微硬度平均值(HV_0.1)为826,是Ni60A熔覆层硬度的1.2倍。在相同条件下,Ni60CuMo熔覆层的磨损率为3.30×10^-6 mm³/(N·m),约为Ni60A熔覆层磨损率的16.42%,是TC4钛合金基体磨损率的4.23%。添加Cu和Mo能显著提升TC4钛合金表面激光熔覆层的耐磨性。     

激光熔覆WC颗粒增强Ni基合金涂层的组织与性能

利用15 kW横流连续输出CO2激光器在CCS?B钢板上熔覆WC颗粒增强Ni基合金涂层,研究了不同WC颗粒含量下熔覆层组织形态和显微硬度的变化规律。结果表明,在激光熔覆Ni基合金与WC颗粒混合粉末的过程中,WC颗粒发生溶解并与周围元素相互作用形成低熔点共晶,析出后分别以树枝状、块状与粒状等形态存在;随着WC含量增加,熔覆层上部区域γ?Ni枝晶先粗化后变细,熔覆层下部区域枝晶组织持续增多且粗化。随WC含量增加,熔覆层平均硬度增加,WC质量分数为0%时,熔覆层平均硬度约为基体的3倍,当WC质量分数增加到30%时,熔覆层平均硬度可达到基体硬度的4倍。     

TiB_2对Ni60激光熔覆层组织与显微硬度的影响

为了提高工程部件的表面性能,以Ni60合金粉末和TiB_2陶瓷颗粒为熔敷材料,采用激光熔覆技术在Q550钢基体表面制备复合熔覆层。分析单一Ni60合金粉末及不同质量分数的TiB_2与Ni60混合粉末对熔覆层组织及显微硬度的影响。研究表明,熔覆层内未发现裂纹、气孔等缺陷,在熔覆层与热影响区的界面有一条明显的白亮带,冶金结合良好。混合粉末制备的熔覆层结晶形态从结合区到表层依次为平面晶、胞状晶或树枝晶及等轴晶。随着TiB_2质量分数的增加,由树枝晶主干向横向伸出的细密二次轴数量增多,熔覆层组织细化。熔覆粉末为Ni60+5%TiB_2时制备的熔敷层显微硬度值最高达644HV0.2,比基材(约220HV0.2)提高了近3倍;TiB_2含量增至25%时,熔覆层内由于TiB_2硬质相过多,发生聚集现象,不利于表面强化。     

TC4钛合金表面激光熔覆复合涂层的组织和耐磨性

采用5 kW横流CO₂激光器,在TC4钛合金表面熔覆TiC、TiB₂与Ni的混合粉末,制备了无气孔、无裂纹、组织均匀致密的复合涂层。用SEM、EDS、XRD、显微硬度计以及立式万能摩擦磨损试验机分析了激光熔覆层的显微组织、成分和物相,测试了激光熔覆层横截面显微硬度,以及覆层耐磨性能。结果表明,激光熔覆复合涂层与基体呈冶金结合;熔覆层组织从表层到结合区呈现出由棒状、块状向树枝状、颗粒状转变的趋势,且主要由Ti、TiC、TiB、Ti₂Ni、TiNi等相组成;熔覆层显微硬度最高可达863 HV0.2,为基体的2.5倍;熔覆层耐磨性能较TC4钛合金明显提高。     

纳米Y2O3-Co基合金激光熔覆复合涂层的分析

采用纳米Y2O3和Co基合金粉末,并利用激光表面熔覆技术和堆焊技术在Ni基合金基体上制备了纳米Y2O3-Co基合金复合涂层.运用扫描电镜(SEM)等测试方法,研究了复合涂层的显微组织和显微硬度,通过磨损试验和腐蚀试验分析了激光熔覆涂层和单一堆焊层的耐磨性和耐蚀性.结果表明,激光熔覆层显微组织由熔合区、细等轴状枝晶区及粗枝晶区构成;激光熔覆层的显微硬度由堆焊层的512.8 HV提高到868.9HV;激光熔覆层的耐磨性提高了51.2倍,40 min磨损量由堆焊层的25.6 mg降低到激光熔覆层的0.5 mg;激光熔覆层在10%HCl、10% HNO3和10% NaOH中的耐腐蚀性均比堆焊表面有明显改善.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.