中草药防治仔猪黄白痢的研究进展

仔猪黄白痢是危害养猪业最常见疾病之一，给养猪生产造成巨大的经济损失。文章综述了中草药在防治仔猪黄白痢上的临床应用及其作用机理的研究，并指出进一步深入研究的方向。     

止痢金刚注射液治疗仔猪黄白痢

1　仔猪黄、白痢的发病机理与防治思路仔猪黄、白痢是由致病性大肠杆菌引起仔猪的一种以拉黄、白色稀粪为特征的传染病。致病性大肠杆菌必须依靠其特有的Ｋ88、Ｋ99、987Ｐ、Ｆ4 1等定着因子在肠道粘膜中定居 ,然后才能大量生长繁殖 ,产生ＳＴ和ＬＴ等细菌毒素 ,引起肠道中大量液体渗出 ,肠道内液体增加 ,进一步引起肠道发酵 ,腐败产物被肠粘膜吸收 ,进入血液中 ,形成毒血症。同时使肾上腺皮质机能破坏。剧烈腹泻引起全身脱水 ,造成体内水与电解质、酸碱、代谢功能紊乱 ,致使心肌营养和所属机能遭到破坏 ,造成体内微循环障碍 ,使心肌缺血或…     

冬春季节要防仔猪黄白痢

冬春季节，气候寒冷，饲养新生仔猪难度很大。主要是因为新生仔猪体温调解机能不健全，胃肠消化能力弱，容易因病菌的侵入而造成仔猪黄白痢的发生，严重者造成死亡。     

仔猪黄白痢的防治探讨

仔猪黄白痢是养猪业常见的一种疾病。死亡率比较高 ,笔者根据诱发仔猪黄白痢的因素采取综合预防治疗措施 ,获得了显著效果。1　症状病的特征主要是下痢 ,粪便呈乳白色 ,灰白色或淡黄色、稠糊状 ,并具有特殊的腥臭气味。下痢时久、不及时治疗、病情加重导致仔猪脱水死亡。个别养猪场的死亡率高达4 0 %～ 50 %左右。2　病因仔猪黄白痢主要是大肠杆菌引起的。大肠杆菌是肠道内正常存在的细菌 ,通常在仔猪健康 ,消化机能正常时 ,不会引起发病 ,但当仔猪因各种诱因 ,使机体抵抗力减弱 ,或肠道机能失调时 ,就有致病作用 ,会引起仔猪黄白痢发生。母…     

浅谈仔猪白痢治疗

白痢病是仔猪养殖中常见的一类疾病,其发病率可达80%,并且在不及时治疗的条件下会引发死亡问题,给养殖人员造成严重的损失。因此,如何才能有效地治疗仔猪白痢病值得进行深入研究。本文以仔猪白痢病为研究对象,探讨了其病症、成因和治疗对策,以期为仔猪白痢治疗应用及其相关研究提供参考。     

复方冠能注射液对仔猪黄白痢的疗效试验

仔猪黄白痢是5～40日龄仔猪的一种多发性常见病,该病占仔猪消化道疾病的54%以上,其发病率高、病程长、死亡率高,且引起的原因复杂.此病既使能耐过,也会使仔猪生长发育缓慢,或成为僵猪,严重影响养猪业的发展.目前兽医临床上用于治疗仔猪黄白痢的药物很多,但由于存在耐药性使临床用药剂量不断增加.选择具有广谱、抗菌力强、不易产生耐药性、毒副作用小的药物是兽医界急待解决的问题.为此,笔者根据猪黄白痢的病因、发病机制、临床病理和药物作用机理,进行了科学的处方筛选试验.研制开发出疗效显著、质量可靠、应用方便、价格低廉的复方中药冠能注射液.用冠能注射液对人工感染仔猪黄白痢和仔猪自然感染黄白痢病例进行了治疗试验,治愈率可达96%.     

仔猪病毒性腹泻免疫的研究现状

仔猪腹泻是养猪业最常见的疾病，轻者引起仔猪胃肠机能紊乱，生长缓慢，重者引起水和电解质的大量丢失，造成脱水、酸碱平衡紊乱，甚至发生大批死亡。能引起仔猪腹泻的病因有多种，如细菌（仔猪黄痢、仔猪白痢、仔猪红痢、仔猪副伤寒、猪密螺旋体病）、病毒（猪传染性胃肠...     

血清防治仔猪黄白痢的临床应用试验

仔猪黄白痢是由致病性大肠杆菌引起的以拉黄白稀粪为特征的一种仔猪传染病。抗仔猪黄白痢血清含有高效价的特异性抗体，给适龄仔猪注射抗仔猪黄白痢血清，能起到较好的预防与治疗作用。     

应用EM菌提高仔猪成活率

黄、白痢是仔猪常见病之一，具有较高的发病率和死亡率，严重影响养猪生产及经济效益。其主要原因是由于怀孕母猪体内存在的致病性大肠杆菌传染给仔猪，造成产后仔猪立即感染，引起仔猪黄痢和白痢，如不及时治疗，仔猪死亡率很高。EM菌是一种活菌制剂，它能改善动物体内的微生态环境。本实验旨在通     

复方烟酸诺氟沙星注射液体外抑菌作用及对仔猪黄白痢疗效研究

仔猪黄白痢是南大肠埃希氏菌引起的仔猪吮乳期常见的肠道传染性疾病，是养猪业常见病，其发病率和死亡率均较高，是造成仔猪育成率低，影响养猪业效益的主要疾病之一，传统的抗生素治疗包括土霉素、氯霉素、庆大霉素以及磺胺类药物，由于抗生素的滥用，耐药菌株的出现，使治疗效果越来越不令人满意。新一代喹诺酮类抗生素的使用对仔猪黄白痢的治疗达到令人满意的效果.     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.     

不同样本商品蜂蜜中硒含量的测定

用硝酸和高氯酸消化蜂蜜,使硒游离出来,在微酸性环境下,硒和2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)生成有较强荧光的物质,用环己烷萃取,在激发波长378nm,荧光波长518nm处测定其荧光强度。蜂蜜中硒含量范围:0.10～0.82μg/g。表明:蜂蜜应视为天然富硒营养品。     

乳酸杆菌益生作用机制的研究进展

乳酸杆菌作为益生菌广泛用于人和动物。本文综述了乳酸杆菌改善宿主健康的机制。乳酸杆菌可通过产生抗菌物质如乳酸、过氧化氢、细菌素,或者通过竞争营养或肠道黏附位点来抑制致病菌;通过诱导黏附素的分泌或阻止细胞凋亡而增强肠道的屏障功能,从而保护肠道。文章重点讨论了乳酸杆菌表面成分（表面蛋白、脂磷壁酸和肽聚糖）与肠道受体（Ｃ型凝集素受体、Ｔｏｌｌ样受体和 Ｎｏｄ样受体）,阐述了他们结合后启动免疫调节信号,调控肠道免疫功能以发挥改善健康作用的机制。     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.