超声刀在小切口甲状腺手术中的应用价值

目的探讨超声刀在低位小切口甲状腺手术中的应用价值。方法 2008年1月~12月对75例甲状腺良性疾病行开放性小切口（2~3 cm）甲状腺切除术,术中利用冷光源拉钩作为光源兼拉钩,超声刀处理甲状腺血管和腺体。结果平均手术时间70 min（40~135 min）,术中平均出血量15 ml（5~20 ml）。术后24 h平均切口引流量25 ml（10~50ml）。无出血、神经、甲状旁腺损伤及其他并发症。75例术后平均随访16个月（14~18个月）,未见病变复发、甲状腺功能减低。结论冷光源拉钩辅助下超声刀应用于开放性小切口甲状腺切除,可以方便手术操作,止血效果可靠。     

超声刀与传统方法在开放甲状腺手术的临床对比研究

目的比较超声刀开放甲状腺手术与传统甲状腺手术的优、缺点。方法设用超声刀行甲状腺手术151例为治疗组,传统甲状腺手术70例为对照组,均由同一手术组医生施术。分别比较2组的肿瘤直径、切口长度、总手术时间、切除甲状腺时间、术中出血量、术后引流量及手术并发症,同时比较治疗组在学习曲线中及学习曲线后的切口长度以及并发症。结果2组患者在性别、年龄、疾病构成以及肿瘤大小方面差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。在相同术式中,治疗组的切口长度、总手术时间、切除甲状腺时间、术中出血量和术后引流量均少于对照组（P〈0.001）;2组的总体手术并发症差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;治疗组在学习曲线后的切口长度短于学习曲线中（P〈0.05）,在学习曲线后的并发症发生率低于学习曲线中（P〈0.001）。结论用超声刀行开放甲状腺手术要优于传统方法甲状腺手术,但不能盲目使用超声刀,应该与传统丝线结扎手术方法有机结合。     

甲状腺手术中超声刀应用与喉返神经保护

目的:探讨开放性甲状腺疾病手术中超声刀的应用与喉返神经保护.方法:回顾性分析187例开放性甲状腺良性疾病手术患者的临床资料,据治疗方式分为超声刀组和传统电刀组,比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、术后住时间及声嘶等并发症发生率.结果:超声刀组手术时间、术中出血量均显著少传统电刀组(P<0.05),术后并发症发生率降低(P<0.05),术后住时间及术后引流量两组间无明显差异(P>0.05).结论:开放性甲状腺手术中,合理使用超声刀及有限度显露喉返神经可以缩短手术时间,减少术中出血,减少术后并发症发生率.     

A Comparison of the LigaSure and Harmonic Scalpel in Thyroid Surgery: A Single Institution Review

Background

During the last few years, many surgeons have begun to utilize the LigaSure device or Harmonic scalpel to perform thyroid surgery. Several papers have demonstrated the benefits of these devices compared with traditional hand-tying techniques. The purpose of this study was to examine our institution’s experience with the LigaSure device and Harmonic scalpel during thyroid surgery and to compare mean operative times and complications associated with each device.

Methods

A retrospective chart review was performed on all patients who underwent thyroid surgery using the LigaSure device or Harmonic scalpel at a single institution between December 2005 and August 2009. Charts were reviewed for patient demographics, mean operative time, length of stay, and complications, such as transient recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, hypocalcemia, and hematoma formation.

Results

A total of 231 patients were included in the study, of whom 123 underwent total thyroidectomy and 108 underwent lobectomy. There was a significant decrease in the operative time for both thyroidectomies and lobectomies when the Harmonic scalpel was utilized. In regard to complications, there was no statistically significant difference in the number of transient and permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries, percentage of patients developing hypocalcemia, or rate of hematoma development.

Conclusion

In this study, there was no difference in the rate of complications between the two devices. However, the use of the Harmonic scalpel significantly decreased operative time for both thyroidectomies and thyroid lobectomies compared with the LigaSure device.     

开腹胃癌D_2根治术中谐波超声刀的应用研究

目的探讨谐波超声刀在开腹胃癌D2根治术中的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析应用谐波超声刀施行的42例开腹胃癌D2根治术患者(超声刀组)的临床资料,并与同期54例应用常规电刀行开腹胃癌D2根治术(电刀组)进行对比。结果超声刀组和电刀组手术时间分别为(128.2±34.1)m in和(165.6±40.5)m in,术中失血量分别为(124.2±39.4)m l和(274.6±64.6)m l,术后腹腔引流时间分别为(4.5±0.8)d和(5.2±1.1)d,术后腹腔引流总量分别为(173.9±30.2)m l和(289.8±46.1)m l,术后住院时间分别为(11.5±2.9)d和(12.9±3.6)d,组间比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05或P<0.01);淋巴结清扫数目分别为(23.5±5.1)枚和(21.5±5.5)枚,术后肛门恢复排气时间分别为(97.9±27.2)h和(109.1±33.1)h,住院费用分别为(26 295.3±3 816.6)元和(25 190.8±3 763.8)元,组间比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。两组均无手术相关死亡病例,超声刀组1例、电刀组3例出现术后并发症(P>0.05)。结...     

安置心脏永久性起搏器患者的经尿道前列腺电切治疗

目的:探讨已经留置心脏永久性起搏器患者的经尿道前列腺电切(TURP)治疗。方法:回顾性总结1997年1月~2004年9月8例留置心脏永久性起搏器患者的TURP治疗,患者年龄62~71岁,已安置永久性心脏起搏器2~7年,其中病态窦房结综合征5例、Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞2例、三束支传导阻滞1例,起搏器类型为房室全能型(DDD)4例、心房按需型(AAI)3例、心室按需型(VVI)1例。结果:患者手术过程顺利,术中生命体征平稳,术后恢复良好。结论:留置永久性心脏起搏器并非TURP的绝对禁忌证,此类患者经过充分准备可以承受手术治疗。     

Ultrasonic Scalpel for Hemostasis in Pacemaker‐Dependent Patients During Open‐Heart Surgery

Abstract We successfully used the ultrasonically activated scalpel to secure hemostasis in a temporary pacemaker‐dependent patient following repair of Ebstein's anomaly. The advantages of using this modality are briefly discussed. (J Card Surg 2010;25:357‐358)     

新型超声刀在胃癌根治术中的应用及技巧

目的探讨新型超声刀在胃癌根治术中使用的效果及技巧。方法回顾性分析四川大学华西医院2007年1月至2008年5月期间使用新型超声刀进行胃癌根治术的152例患者的临床资料。结果本组资料平均手术时间为（189．5&#177;24．2）min清扫淋巴结数量平均为（30．4&#177;11．6）个，与传统手术相比明显增加；缩短了手术时间，减少了手术出血，手术视野清晰。本组资料术后无吻合口漏、淋巴漏、术后出血及手术死亡。结论新型超声刀在胃癌根治术中使用是安全的，并有助于提高胃癌淋巴结清扫的彻底性。     

超声刀在腹部外科腹腔镜手术中的应用

作使用超声刀代替电刀行腹腔镜肠粘连松解、阑尾切除、结直肠切除、胆囊切除、疝修补、胆总管探查、脾切除：胃大部分切除、先天性巨结肠切除等手术。90例13种手术全部顺利完成。无中转开腹。手术时间12～300分钟。其中80例病人完全使用超声刀完成手术。手术出血均小于100毫升。无术后继发出血。超声刀凝血功能强。术中出血减少,使网膜和系膜的处理及粘连的分离变得简单容易。术野清晰。安全。是腹部外科腹腔镜手术的一种理想的切割止血工具。     

Permanent Pacemaker Implantation Early After Cardiac Surgery: A Descriptive Study of Pacemaker Utility After One Year of Follow‐Up

Background

Complete heart block (CHB) is a common complication of cardiac surgery, which may resolve spontaneously. The optimal number of days to wait for resolution of CHB prior to proceeding with a permanent pacemaker (PPM) and the long‐term utility of PPMs placed in this setting remain uncertain.

Methods and results

This was a retrospective cohort study, which included members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California who had cardiac surgery, a PPM placed within 30 days after surgery, and one year of follow‐up time. Chart review was performed to determine the frequency of ventricular pacing at each PPM interrogation visit up to one year after surgery. A PPM was categorized as underutilized at the time of an interrogation if none of the following were present: underlying rhythm <40 bpm, persistent CHB, or >1% ventricular pacing. The study included 247 patients with a mean time from cardiac surgery to PPM of 6.5 days. In 33 cases (13%), underutilized status was confirmed. The time from surgery to PPM implant was significantly higher in the underutilized group (8.1 ± 4.2 days vs. 6.2 ± 4.2 days, p = 0.003).

Conclusions

The majority of PPMs placed early after cardiac surgery are not underutilized. In this retrospective, observational study, longer delay from surgery to PPM implantation was not associated with a greater likelihood that the PPM would be utilized long term. A prospective study is required to determine optimal timing of PPM implantation in this setting. doi: 10.1111/jocs.12680 (J Card Surg 2016;31:132–138)     

超声刀在开放性小切口甲状腺切除术中的应用(附89例报道)

目的探讨超声刀在开放性小切口甲状腺手术中的应甩效瀑。方法总结我科于2004年4月至2007年12月期间对89例甲状腺良性疾病患者开展的开放性小切口（3～4cm）甲状腺切除术，手术中采用超声刀代替传统的结扎和缝扎方法对甲状腺血管和腺体进行处理。结果手术平均时间70（40～135）min，术中平均出血量15（5～20）ml，术后24h平均切口引流量25（10～50）ml。无出血、神经、甲状旁腺损伤及其他并发症。切口Ⅰ类／甲级愈合．术后平均住院时间5（3～6）d。结论超声刀应用于开放性小切口甲状腺切除，可以方便手术操作。提高手术效率，止血效果可靠，有特有的实用价值。     

Use of the Ultrasonically Activated Scalpel in Acoustic Neuroma Surgery: Preliminary Report

Recently, the ultrasonic activated scalpel (the Harmonic Scalpel, HS) has been introduced in laparoscopic surgery. We have applied the HS in debulking the tumor in the posterior fossa and concluded that this is useful in acoustic neuroma surgery. Fifteen patients with a tumor extending more than 20 mm into the posterior fossa were included in this study. The extended middle cranial fossa approach type II was used in 13 patients and type III (hearing preservation surgery) was used in 2 patients. In one of two patients, hearing was preserved. Postroperative facial nerve function according to the House-Brackmann method was grade I in 12 patients, grade II in 2 patients, and grade III in 1 patient. Compating the technique of using HS to a pair of bipolar forceps and/or ultrasonic cavitational aspirator, the former can result in better preservation of the facial nerve function.     

The Use of Levarterenol and Phentolamine in Patients with Low Cardiac Output Following Open-Heart Surgery

A study was made of the hemodynamic effects of levarterenol and phentolamine in patients in whom low cardiac output developed following open-heart operation. After the patients were weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass, the inotropic agents were infused into an external or internal jugular vein through an IVAC pump. Levarterenol was administered first until systolic arterial pressure rose 20 to 30% above the highest recorded preoperative pressure. After stabilization, phentolamine was administered, and infusion rates were adjusted so that arterial blood pressure was returned to levels measured before bypass.After infusion, all patients showed an increase in cardiac index, mean arterial pressure, mean stroke volume index, and left ventricular stroke work index. Mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, and left atrial pressure decreased in all patients.This study demonstrates that hemodynamic improvement occurs in humans in low cardiac output state with simultaneous infusion of levarterenol and phentolamine. We recommend these agents for use in patients with low output, unless they continue to receive propranolol during and after operation. Patients on a regimen of propranolol should not be given levarterenol and phentolamine.     

早期乳腺癌患者保乳手术的临床疗效的分析

目的探讨在治疗早期乳腺癌时保乳手术的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2010至2012年间进行治疗的300例早期乳腺癌患者病历,其中148例患者进行常规的改良根治术,152例患者进行保乳手术,用统计学软件SPSS 17.0分析数据。对手术时间、手术出血量、生活质量评分等计量资料数据用(±s)表示,用t检验;术后3年生存率、手术并发症等计数资料比较用χ2检验。P0.05具有统计学意义。结果进行保乳手术的患者的生活质量评分显著高于改良根治术组患者,其具体的差异表现在心理因素和身体因素(体能、身体疼痛、健康变化)方面,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者的手术时间、手术出血量、术后的生存率和并发症发生率差异无统计学意义,P0.05。结论保乳手术在治疗早期乳腺癌的临床疗效相对于传统的改良根治术的临床疗效更佳,能够更大程度的保证人体的美观,是一种适于推广的治疗方式。     

Meta-Analysis of Trials on Prophylactic Use of Levosimendan in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

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Kimura Disease of the Breast – A Previously Undescribed Entity

Kimura disease (KD) is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology, primarily seen in young Asian males. The disease is characterized by a triad of painless subcutaneous masses in the head and neck region, blood and tissue eosinophilia, and elevated serum immunoglobulin E levels. We report an unusual case of a 40‐year‐old woman found to have KD of the breast which presented clinically as carcinoma, leading to a diagnostic dilemma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of KD in the breast to be documented in the literature. The patient also had scabies, which may have provided the stimulus for hypersensitivity, which is considered to be the pathogenetic mechanism responsible for development of KD.