全过程动画自动生成中的中文文本处理

研究全过程动画自动生成系统中的自然语言处理模块,设计一种面向手机中文短信的信息抽取系统。根据中文语言处理的特殊性,抽取短信中可动画化的信息,并进行否定判断和否定内容识别。实验结果表明,该系统的召回率和准确率较高,可满足动画自动生成系统对信息抽取强度的要求。     

改进的人工免疫入侵检测模型

针对现有的人工免疫入侵检测系统存在的缺陷,在Hofmeyr的分布式人工免疫系统(ARTIS)基础上,提出了改进的人工免疫入侵检测模型。在改进模型中,用协议分析技术对免疫模块进行协同刺激,以提高记忆检测器和成熟检测器的质量,并降低检测器的规模;通过按协议生成和组织检测器,解决传统人工免疫系统检测效率低下的问题;采用基于权值的r-连续位匹配规则提高抗体和抗原匹配的准确度;同时协同刺激模块也能够在发生风暴型攻击时自动生成动态防火墙过滤规则,以提高在发生大规模攻击情况下的性能。最后,使用MIT Lincoln实验室的DARPA数据集对改进模型和ARTIS模型进行了模拟测试及对比分析,验证了所提模型的可行性和有效性。     

结合实体边界线索的中文命名实体识别方法

命名实体识别作为信息抽取领域的一个基础任务,能为机器翻译、关系抽取等下游任务提供有效支撑,具有重要的研究意义。针对中文命名实体识别方法中存在的实体边界模糊的问题,提出了一种结合实体边界线索的命名实体识别模型,模型由边界检测、线索生成、实体分类三个模块组成。利用边界检测模块识别实体边界。在线索生成模块中依据边界信息生成实体跨度,得到带边界线索标签的文本序列,使模型通过边界线索标签感知句子中的实体边界,学习实体边界和上下文的语义依赖特征。将带有边界线索标签的文本序列作为实体分类模块的输入,使用双仿射机制增强标签之间的语义交互,并结合双仿射机制与多层感知机的共同预测作为实体识别的结果。该模型在ACE2005中文数据集和Weibo数据集上的F1值分别达到了90.47%和73.54%,验证了模型对中文命名实体识别的有效性。     

基于移动Agent的Web信息智能过滤算法及其实现*

讨论了Web信息过滤的现状,提出了Web信息过滤应用中移动Agent的结构并设计了基于移动Agent的信息过滤工作模型。该模型由数据挖掘模块、信息过滤模块和相应的数据库模块组成,能够有效地屏蔽非法信息。实际应用表明,该Web信息过滤模型能够有效地完成对网页信息的过滤和保证内部人员合法地使用网络。     

基于词融合与跨度检测的中文嵌套命名实体识别

目前中文命名实体识别模型在识别具有嵌套结构的实体时存在误差,无法准确识别。基于跨度的方法能够找出嵌套实体,但在识别过程中经常生成不包含实体的跨度,无法明确划分跨度边界,增加模型负担。针对此问题,提出了基于词汇融合与跨度边界检测的中文嵌套命名实体识别模型。该模型使用多词融合方法达到文本特征增强的目的,在设计的注入模块中将目标语句中字符相关的多个词汇信息进行合并,之后融入到BERT中,以此获得更全面的上下文信息,提供更好的跨度表示;其次添加跨度边界检测模块,通过感知分类器预测跨度的首尾字符来划分跨度边界。在公共数据集上的实验表明,该模型可有效提升识别准确率。     

ARTIS人工免疫模型在邮件过滤中的研究与应用

将人工免疫思想引入邮件过滤中,设计并实现了一种基于ARTIS（Artificial Immune System）人工免疫模型的反垃圾邮件模型.该模型将垃圾邮件看作侵入系统的抗原,模拟抗体消灭抗原的机理,以分布式方式识别垃圾邮件,并能学习和记忆邮件的特征.利用CCERT的邮件样本集对该模型进行了训练和测试,实验结果表明该系统具有较好的自适应性和稳定性.     

基于生物免疫原理的入侵检测模型

借鉴生物免疫机理中B淋巴细胞和T淋巴细胞协同识别抗原的机制,提出了一种基于生物免疫原理的入侵检测模型,该模型由特征抽取模块、检测模块和报警模块组成,能够克服传统入侵检测模型低检测率、静态自体集,以及误报和漏报等情况的发生,提高了模型的准确率、适应性、动态性和多样性。实验结果表明,新模型具有更高的检测性能,能有效识别未知入侵行为,具有较高的实用价值。     

RBF神经网络抗体群用于入侵检测的研究

为了进一步模仿生物免疫系统,提升入侵检测系统的性能,提出了具有抗原针对性的抗体生成算法和具有抗体针对性的抗原检测算法。对不同类型的已知抗原,生成相应类型的抗体,对不同类型的外来抗原,用相应类型的抗体检测,提高了对生物免疫系统的模仿程度;通过免疫应答、克隆选择和疫苗注射来训练生成神经网络抗体群。仿真实验结果表明,该算法具有很高的精度和很强的自适应能力。     

基于网络流量的僵尸网络动态检测模型

针对利用先验知识不能检测新型或变异僵尸网络(Botnet)的现状,提出一种基于网络流量的Botnet动态检测模型。通过聚类分析通信流量并完成关联分析,以鉴定bot之间的类似通信和恶意行为模式。该模型具有特征库更新和检测模型生成的动态性,并且可以处理来自不同僵尸网络的数据,其检测体系结构与协议和Botnet的先验知识无关。实验结果验证了该模型的有效性和准确性。     

基于Struts框架的垃圾短信过滤模块的设计

为了提高对垃圾短信的拦截效率,提出一种同时从发送号码、发送频率以及短信内容3个方面对垃圾短信进行过滤的方法。通过黑白名单从发送号码进行一次过滤,对群发短信进行内容分析过滤,发送频率的引入可以实现黑名单的自动生成。以内容过滤为核心,并对其进行了阐述,基于Struts框架进行设计与实现了一个垃圾短信拦截模块。实验结果表明,查准率达到了90.69%。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.