Funded research,multiple authorship,and subauthorship collaboration in four disciplines

Increased financial support for science has contributed to a change in the social structure of research, as evidenced by the increase in collaborative research. The present paper examines the relationship between financial support, multiple authorship, and subauthorship in four disciplines. It is shown that financial support for research is associated with an increase in the total number of persons involved in the production of knowledge per journal article. However, the impact of funding is not the same for all modes of collaboration nor the same for all disciplines.     

International scientific collaboration of post-Soviet countries: a bibliometric analysis

Scientometrics - One of the major characteristics of research is the role and scope of international collaboration. Patterns of such collaboration are often complex and determined not only by pure...     

Productivity,visibility, authorship,and collaboration in library and information science journals: Central and Eastern European authors

Scientometrics - From the bibliometric point of view, little is known about the development and status of library and information science (LIS) in Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries....     

Status of radiation protection in interventional cardiology in four East European countries

Level of staff and patient radiation protection in interventional cardiology in four counties (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro and Serbia) as a part of International Atomic Energy Agency project (RER/9/093) are presented. Patient doses were assessed in terms of air kerma area product (KAP), peak skin dose (PSD) or air kerma at interventional reference point (K(IRP)). Results were available from nine hospitals: 775 patients for KAP, 157 for PSD and 437 for K(IRP). Eight centres reported KAP >100 Gy cm(2) and five centres reported values >200 Gy cm(2). From patients monitored in terms of PSD, 14 (9 %) had PSD >2 Gy and 6 (3 %) patients from those monitored in terms of K(IRP) had value >5 Gy, indicating risk of skin injury. The results indicate need for optimisation and dose monitoring in complex fluoroscopically guided cardiology interventions.     

Patterns of authorship in major bibliographic databases: The European region

European authorship trends in fifteen major scientific and technical bibliographic databases on the DIALOG information system are examined for works published between 1970 and 1990. There was an increasing number of records with European authors in 21% of the data set. In 6%, an overall decline was found. In 52%, authorship increased into the 1980's, and then declined. The most heavily represented countries were the former Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France. Overall, with the exception of MEDLINE, BIOSIS, and INSPEC, coverage of the works of European authors has been declining over the past twenty years, and particularly so in the last five.     

The R&D composition of European countries: concentrated versus dispersed profiles

Scientometrics - In this study, we use a unique dataset covering all higher education institutions, public research Institutions and private companies that have applied for funding to the European...     

Interdisciplinarity and collaboration: on the relationship between disciplinary diversity in departmental affiliations and reference lists

This study explores the characteristics of scientific activity patterns through co-author affiliations to obtain new insights into interdisciplinary research. To classify the interdisciplinarity in research, we explored and compared two different approaches: the diversity of disciplines reflected in the listed affiliations of the authors and the diversity of the subject categories reflected in the reference list. To assess the diversity in departmental affiliations, we developed an explorative methodology that retrieves feature words from a combination of manual work and the thesaurus function in the Thomson Data Analyzer text mining tool. To assess the diversity in references, we followed the conventional approach applied in previous work. With both approaches, we relied on diversity as the measure for assessing interdisciplinarity of 157,710 articles published in PloS One (2007–2016). Based on a comparison between the results of both approaches, our study confirms that different methodologies and indicators can produce seriously inconsistent, and even contradictory results. In addition, different indicators may capture different understandings of such a multi-faceted concept as interdisciplinarity. Our results are summarized in a schematic representation of this twofold perspective as a method of indexing the different types of interdisciplinarity commonly found in research studies.     

Turing Award elites revisited: patterns of productivity,collaboration, authorship and impact

Scientometrics - The Turing Award is recognized as the most influential and prestigious award in the field of computer science (CS). With the rise of the science of science, a large amount of...     

International collaboration in LIS: global trends and networks at the country and institution level

In order to gain a deeper understanding of the international collaboration of global library and information science (LIS), the present paper investigated the trends, networks as well as core groups of the international collaboration in LIS at the country and institution levels by combining bibliometric analysis and social network analysis. In this study, a total of 8,570 papers from 15 core journals during the period of 2000–2011 were collected. The results indicate that 66 % of papers are joint publications in global LIS. Two-country papers and two-institution papers are the two primary collaboration patterns in the international collaboration at the country and institution levels respectively. Through social network analysis, it is observed that the country collaboration network has reached a certain degree of maturity over the past 12 years in global LIS, while the international institution collaboration network has not yet matured and is made up of dozens of components. In the country collaboration network, the position of USA and UK are remarkable. Although the USA is positioned at the center of the network, institutions located in the USA are more inclined to have collaboration within domestic, suggesting institutions in the USA have a low tendency towards international collaboration. In the institution collaboration network, it is found that two groups located in the USA and Europe respectively. The results of the institution collaboration network also reveal that Katholieke Univ Leuven has not only the largest collaboration breadth, but also strong capabilities to control communication within the international institution collaboration network.     

Pedestrian injuries in eight European countries: An analysis of hospital discharge data

Out of the 50,000 yearly road traffic deaths in the European Union (formed by 27 European countries and commonly designated as EU-27), some 8500 are pedestrians. While some studies focus on the increased risk for pedestrian mortality compared to other road users, there is a dearth of information on injury patterns that could be used to prioritize injury prevention measures. Hospital discharge data from eight European countries have been used in this study. Injury information from 10,341 pedestrians sustaining 19,424 injuries has been analyzed. Data have been augmented with Abbreviated Injury Scale, Functional Capacity Index and Injury Severity Score codes, and have been categorized into the Barell Matrix. Fractures (51.1%, 50.3-51.8) and internal injuries (21.3%, 20.7-21.9) are the most frequently found in the data; however, blood vessel injuries and internal injuries are the ones associated with the highest risk of death. Head and lower extremities account for 26% of the injuries each, being spinal and thoracic injuries those showing the highest threat to life risk. Hip and lower extremities injuries are the most frequent cause of functional limitation 1 year after discharge. Due to its intrinsic importance, different injury causation mechanisms for head injuries have been analyzed. Though current standards and regulations consider Head Injury Criterion (HIC) as the only tool to assess the risk of injuries to the head, real world injury data show that only 12.1% (11.0-13.2) of these injuries can be attributed to a pure translational mechanism and therefore susceptible to be predicted by HIC. Design of prevention strategies, particularly from the engineering point of view, should benefit from this information.     

Does corresponding authorship influence scientific impact in collaboration: Brazilian institutions as a case of study

Scientometrics - This paper analyses the influence of a Brazilian institution delivering the corresponding author on its scientific citation impact, distinguishing between its collaborative papers...     

The geography of science in 12 European countries: a NUTS2-level analysis

Scientometrics - Europe has a long history as a global center of scientific research, but not all European regions are alike. Regions such as Île de France and the corridor that stretches from...     

Dual approach to multiple authorship in the study of collaboration/scientific output relationship

This paper presents an empirical study of the relations between scientific output and collaboration performed on two scales: (1) an individual scale, for members of a study model, and (2) a group scale, for three samples varying in the level of productivity. The rank approach was applied in the preparation of the study model resulting in the selection of a set of the most prolific authors. In the course of that process, multiple authorship problem was solved by a dual approach, consisting of normal count and modified straight count procedures. As shown by the analysis of collaborative patterns, either on individual or on group scales, scientific output is highly dependent on the frequency of collaboration among the same authors. Expressed as the collaboration measure, it might serve as an indicator in comparative analyses of scientific productivity in a given field of science.     

Relating research growth,authorship patterns and publishing outlets: a bibliometric study of LIS articles produced by Pakistani authors

Scientometrics - Research is a key element of any profession and an analysis of published research enables professional communities to understand the dynamics of growth in a profession and its...     

Citation analysis of foreign sources in Japanese geographical serials

A comparison of sources cited in the Japanese language Geographical Review of Japan and six western language, Japanese geographical serials reveals that while both cite the same proportion of foreign sources (a third), authors tend to select Japanese sources which are written in the language of the host publication. Foreign sources in the Japanese literature are overwhelmingly from the English language world, especially the United States, with a small admixture in German, from the F.R. Germany. The proportion of foreign sources in the Japanese literature appears to be in decline.     

The influence of proximity dimensions on international research collaboration: an analysis of European water projects

In this paper we investigate the effect of geographical, organisational and social proximity on the propensity of organisations to collaborate internationally in knowledge production. We apply logistic regression models on data from water research projects in the European Union’s Framework Programme 1–7. Although the main challenges in the water sector typically cut across borders, knowledge development is traditionally organised in national systems. These systems have a long tradition in collaborating across societal sectors. Despite the fact that about half of the collaborations in the Framework Programmes are not proximate at all, we show that all three proximity dimensions contribute to the propensity to collaborate. The three dimensions of proximity are weakly correlated, and there is a small substitution effect between organisational and geographical proximity.     

International scientific collaboration of China: collaborating countries, institutions and individuals

Using bibliometric methods, we investigate China’s international scientific collaboration from three levels of collaborating countries, institutions and individuals. We design a database in SQL Server, and make analysis of Chinese SCI papers based on the corresponding author field. We find that China’s international scientific collaboration is focused on a handful of countries. Nearly 95 % international co-authored papers are collaborated with only 20 countries, among which the USA account for more than 40 % of all. Results also show that Chinese lineage in the international co-authorship is obvious, which means Chinese immigrant scientists are playing an important role in China’s international scientific collaboration, especially in English-speaking countries.     

Injuries among powered two-wheeler users in eight European countries: A descriptive analysis of hospital discharge data

Powered two-wheelers (PTWs – mopeds, motorcycles, and scooters) remain the most dangerous form of travel on today's roads. This study used hospital discharge data from eight European countries to examine the frequencies and patterns of injury among PTW users (age ≥ 14 years), the predicted incidence of the loss of functional ability, and the mechanisms of the head injuries observed (all in light of increased helmet use). Of 977,557 injured patients discharged in 2004, 12,994 were identified as having been injured in PTW collisions. Lower extremity injuries accounted for 26% (25.6–26.7, 95% C.I.) of the total injuries, followed by upper extremity injuries (20.7%: 20.3–21.2), traumatic brain injuries (TBI) (18.5%: 18–19), and thoracic injuries (8.2%: 7.8–8.5). Approximately 80% of the lower extremity injury cases were expected to exhibit some functional disability one year following discharge (predicted Functional Capacity Index, pFCI-AIS98 < 100), compared to 47% of the upper extremity injury cases and 24% of the TBI cases. Although it occurred less frequently, patients that were expected to experience some functional limitation from TBI were predicted to fair worse on average (lose more functional ability) than patients expected to have functional limitations from extremity injuries. Cerebral concussion was the most common head injury observed (occurring in 56% of head injury cases), with most concussion cases (78%) exhibiting no other head injury. Among the AIS3+ head injuries that could be mapped to an injury mechanism, 48% of these were associated with a translational-impact mechanism, and 37% were associated with a rotational mechanism. The observation of high rates of expected long-term disability suggests that future efforts aim to mitigate lower and upper extremity injuries among PTW users. Likewise, the high rates of concussion and head injuries associated with a rotational mechanism provide goals for the next phase of PTW user head protection.