面向网络化制造服务的本体知识建模研究

针对目前网络化制造环境下,服务描述、发现过程中语义信息动态表达不足的问题,从Web服务的角度提出了一个基于本体的制造服务知识建模方法,并在此基础上构建制造本体模型,最后给出服务模糊匹配的评定方法。重点研究解决了制造服务过程中不同对象间的信息交流、数据交换和知识资源重用三个问题,有效地实现网络制造环境下资源共享与优化配置,为语义Web的网络协同制造服务平台的构建奠定了基础。     

A commitment-based reference ontology for services

The concept of “service” has been characterized in different disciplines and by different authors from various points of view. This variety of characterizations has emerged because although this notion seems intuitive, it is far from trivial, with many interrelated perspectives. Given their importance in enterprise computing and Service Science in general, we believe that a clear account of services and service-related concepts is necessary and would serve as a basis for communication, consensus and alignment among approaches and perspectives. In this paper we propose a commitment-based account of the notion of service captured in a core reference ontology called UFO-S. We address the commitments established between service providers and customers, and show how such commitments affect the service lifecycle. Moreover, we show that the commitment-based account can serve to harmonize different notions of service in the literature.     

Wireless beyond 3G: managing services and network resources

Wireless beyond 3G is a new concept that envisions cellular, BFWA, and DVB systems cooperating in a composite radio infrastructure. In this scheme, instead of rejecting users or degrading their quality of service levels, a network provider can direct them to an alternate radio technology that meets certain environmental, cost, and QoS criteria. To achieve such a system requires upgrading service and network resource management (SNRM). We present work areas for a new SNRM approach that comprises the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), high-performance wireless local area network (HiperLAN 2) technology, and terrestrial DVB (DVB-T) systems.     

绿色网络目标Web服务描述本体和服务发现模块*

随着Internet 的迅猛发展,我国网民的数量激增,由于网络的多变性,传统的绿色网络Web服务发现问题的方法无法适应绿色网络Web服务需求。提出目标Web服务描述语言和服务匹配算法解决绿色网络中Web服务发现这一问题,有效地提高了绿色网络服务发现的效率和质量,结合绿色网络实际情况实现一个模块系统。     

An ontology,intelligent agent-based framework for the provision of semantic web services

Intelligent agents and semantic web services are two technologies with great potential. Striking new applications can be developed by using the tools and techniques they provide. However, semantic web services need for an upper software entity able to deal with them and, on the other hand agent technology has historically suffered from a number of drawbacks that must be addressed. Integrating these two technologies in a joint environment can overcome their problems while strengthening their advantages. In this paper, the necessity for integrating these technologies and the potential benefits of their combination are analyzed. Based on this study, we present SEMMAS, an ontology-based framework for seamlessly integrating Intelligent Agents and Semantic Web Services. The basics of the framework are detailed and a proof-of-concept implementation described.     

An ontology for framing

Framing is the process of conceiving new situations which may change an organization's behaviour. These situations are often “wicked” in nature, and may be defined by reinterpreting the meaning of an organization's intent. A real-world case study is used to illustrate the framing process and derive an ontology for framing. A computer tool called FRAMER is described that implements the framing ontology and supports the framing process. A key feature of FRAMER is the ability for people to adapt and redefine knowledge representations as they articulate new theories, and extend existing theories, about an organization.     

An architecture for managing virtual circuit and virtual path services in ATM networks

ATM networks rely on the Virtual Circuit (VC) and Virtual Path (VP) concepts to provide unicast connection-oriented services with Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees. This paper presents a model for managing the configuration and performance of the VC and VP services in these networks. The model consists of a connection management architecture that provides the services and is instrumented for network management purposes, and a network management architecture that uses the OSI management model to provide access to the appropriate service monitoring and control functions. The network management architecture proposes complete managed object definitions that achieve a variety of monitoring and control objectives: service configuration, service performance at the call and cell level, and service control. The latter includes the capability to establish VPs and control their allocated networking capacity and also control parameters of the signaling system that affect the performance of the VC service. The architecture was implemented in its entirety on the Xunet ATM testbed, and several experiments were conducted to illustrate the trade-off between the throughput of the VC service and the allocation of capacity to VPs. The experiments further demonstrated that the signaling system can create throughput bottlenecks in the absence of VPs in the network, and therefore, the network operator can increase performance by controlling the VP distribution.     

A unified framework for managing Web-based services

The emergence of Web technologies enables a variety of Web-based service applications, which can be examined from business process integration, supply chain management, and knowledge management perspectives. To categorize existing Web-based services while foreseeing potential new types, a unified view is needed to represent the structures and processes of Web-based services. This paper proposes a general framework to identify essential structures and operations of Web-based services, and then models these components. We articulate the framework with Web technologies, such as Web service and semantic Web, multi-agent and peer-to-peer, and Web information retrieval and mining. Two comprehensive examples in insurance and knowledge services are used to elaborate the use of Web-based service framework in fulfilling business processes. This study synthesizes essential structures and processes of Web-based services to build a framework for researchers and practitioners to develop Web-based services and techniques.     

An architecture for support of network operating system services

This paper argues that network architectures should be designed with the explicit purpose of creating a coherent network operating system (NOS). The resulting NOS must be capable of efficient implementation as the base (native) operating system on a given machine or machines, or of being layered on top of existing operating systems as a guest system.The goals and elements of a network architecture to support a NOS are outlined. This architecture consists of a NOS model and three layers of protocol: an interprocess communication (IPC) layer, with an end-end protocol and lower sub-layer protocols as needed to support reliable uninterpreted message communication; a service support layer (SSL), abstracting logical structures and needs common to most services, including naming, protection, request/reply structure, and data-type translation, error control; and a layer of standard services, (file, directory, terminal, process, clock, etc.).     

A framework and ontology for dynamic Web services selection

Current Web services standards lack the means for expressing a service's nonfunctional attributes - namely, its quality of service. QoS can be objective (encompassing reliability, availability, and request-to-response time) or subjective (focusing on user experience). QoS attributes are key to dynamically selecting the services that best meet user needs. This article addresses dynamic service selection via an agent framework coupled with a QoS ontology. With this approach, participants can collaborate to determine each other's service quality and trustworthiness.     

An ontology for engineering analyses

Computational analysis has become an essential tool for the evaluation of designs for complex engineering products, and engineers are using more analysis applications to model a wider range of product behaviour than ever before. Existing technology is unable to offer effective solutions for the management and integration of either the applications themselves or the information they use and create. This is in part due to an inadequate understanding of the engineering analysis process.In order to facilitate the construction of more automated analysis systems with reduced dependence on specialized data formats, it is necessary to better understand how existing analysis applications use and generate information and what their common (and hence potentially shareable) elements are.We present a discussion of the concepts of computational analysis and its use within the engineering design process. The design of gas turbine rotor blades is used to illustrate the wide range of analyses that need to be supported within mechanical engineering, and analyses for the calculation of stress and strain values for these blades are used to exemplify the roles of the primary concepts involved.     

An ontology for videogame interoperability

During the last 20 years, video games have become very popular and widely adopted in our society. However, despite the growth on video game industry, there is a lack of interoperability that allow developers to interchange their information freely and to form stronger partnerships. In this paper we present the Video Game Ontology (VGO), a model for enabling interoperability among video games and enhancing data analysis of gameplay information. We describe the creation process of the ontology, the ontology conceptualization and its evaluation. In addition, we demonstrate the applicability of the Video Game Ontology in action with three example games that take advantage of the created ontology. Also, we demonstrate the use of the VGO in enabling interoperability among the example games.     

An adaptive ontology mapping approach with neural network based constraint satisfaction

Ontology mapping seeks to find semantic correspondences between similar elements of different ontologies. It is a key challenge to achieve semantic interoperability in building the Semantic Web. This paper proposes a new generic and adaptive ontology mapping approach, called the PRIOR+, based on propagation theory, information retrieval techniques and artificial intelligence. The approach consists of three major modules, i.e., the IR-based similarity generator, the adaptive similarity filter and weighted similarity aggregator, and the neural network based constraint satisfaction solver. The approach first measures both linguistic and structural similarity of ontologies in a vector space model, and then aggregates them using an adaptive method based on their harmonies, which is defined as an estimator of performance of similarity. Finally to improve mapping accuracy the interactive activation and competition neural network is activated, if necessary, to search for a solution that can satisfy ontology constraints. The experimental results show that harmony is a good estimator of f-measure; the harmony based adaptive aggregation outperforms other aggregation methods; neural network approach significantly boosts the performance in most cases. Our approach is competitive with top-ranked systems on benchmark tests at OAEI campaign 2007, and performs the best on real cases in OAEI benchmark tests.     

卫星通信网评估本体

将本体应用到卫星通信网评估系统(SCNES)中,可以有效提高卫星通信网评估系统的可重用性.对卫星通信网评估系统进行分解,对其构成要素进行分析;构建了卫星通信网评估本体(SCNEO),对其主要概念以及公理进行了设计;对SCNEO在卫星通信网评估系统中的应用流程进行了介绍,通过实例说明基于SCNEO的评估系统具有自适应能力.     

Markov network based ontology matching

Ontology matching is a vital step whenever there is a need to integrate and reason about overlapping domains of knowledge. Systems that automate this task are of a great need. iMatch is a probabilistic scheme for ontology matching based on Markov networks, which has several advantages over other probabilistic schemes. First, it handles the high computational complexity by doing approximate reasoning, rather then by ad-hoc pruning. Second, the probabilities that it uses are learned from matched data. Finally, iMatch naturally supports interactive semi-automatic matches. Experiments using the standard benchmark tests that compare our approach with the most promising existing systems show that iMatch is one of the top performers.     

语义网服务中的本体综述

作为实现下一代Web的集成方案,语义网服务将语义Web技术和Web服务技术相结合,以支持Web服务的自动发现、选择、合成和执行.本体是语义网服务的理论基础.介绍了Web资源描述本体OWL和Web服务描述本体的概况,并对3种主流的Web服务语义描述框架进行对比分析,为语义网服务中本体的创建提供基础知识.研究了语义网服务中存在的各层次的本体异构问题,明确了语义网服务中本体集成的主要研究方向.     

An ontology for microarchitectural design knowledge

In this article, we present an ontology that structures and unifies this accumulated OO microarchitectural design knowledge. This ontology differentiates between declarative and operative knowledge, and encompasses rules, patterns, and refactorings. It also encompasses the differences and relationships between these types of knowledge. Our ontology helps to better understand how to implement and refactor OO design knowledge, thereby improving quality, reducing costs, and saving time.     

Evaluation of the OQuaRE framework for ontology quality

The increasing importance of ontologies has resulted in the development of a large number of ontologies in both coordinated and non-coordinated efforts. The number and complexity of such ontologies make hard to ontology and tool developers to select which ontologies to use and reuse. So far, there are no mechanism for making such decisions in an informed manner. Consequently, methods for evaluating ontology quality are required. OQuaRE is a method for ontology quality evaluation which adapts the SQuaRE standard for software product quality to ontologies. OQuaRE has been applied to identify the strengths and weaknesses of different ontologies but, so far, this framework has not been evaluated itself. Therefore, in this paper we present the evaluation of OQuaRE, performed by an international panel of experts in ontology engineering. The results include the positive and negative aspects of the current version of OQuaRE, the completeness and utility of the quality metrics included in OQuaRE and the comparison between the results of the manual evaluations done by the experts and the ones obtained by a software implementation of OQuaRE.