激光熔覆TiB2增强Co基合金涂层的组织与性能

为了研究TiB2陶瓷颗粒对激光熔覆Co基合金层的组织及滑动磨损性能的影响,采用5kW CO2连续式激光器在低碳钢表面激光熔覆Co基合金层和TiB2/Co金属陶瓷复合涂层。结果表明,TiB2/Co金属陶瓷复合涂层主要由γ-Co,Cr23C6,TiB2,TiC,Co3Ti等物相组成;Co基合金涂层的典型显微组织主要由发达的树枝晶+枝晶亚共晶组织组成,TiB2/Co复合涂层的显微组织主要由“梅花状”枝晶+细小共晶组织组成;TiB2/Co金属陶瓷复合涂层的显微硬度及室温滑动磨损性能明显优于Co基合金涂层。这些结果对激光熔覆金属陶瓷复合涂层相关领域的研究是有帮助的。     

激光熔覆NbC/Ni60合金复合涂层的组织与性能

利用激光熔覆在45钢基体上制备了NbC颗粒增强的Ni60合金复合涂层。结果表明,复合涂层的组织由γ-Ni奥氏体枝晶、枝晶间的共晶、M₂₃C₆、NbC、和少量的CrB相等组成。NbC颗粒是在激光熔覆过程中原位合成的,其形貌为不规则的块状或花瓣状。原位合成NbC颗粒增强的Ni60合金激光熔覆涂层的显微硬度可达HV0.2 1 000左右,相比于纯Ni60合金涂层,复合涂层的显微硬度提高了约38%。并且,通过激光熔覆（Nb+C）/Ni60混合粉末成功修复了2Cr13材质汽蚀的汽轮机叶片。     

钒氮合金对激光熔覆钴基合金涂层组织和耐磨性的影响

利用5 kW CO2连续激光,在低碳钢表面熔覆钴基合金和添加钒氮合金的钴基合金涂层.采用光学显微镜(OP)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究了熔覆层的显微组织和相结构;利用显微硬度计及滑动磨损试验机测试了熔覆层的硬度和抗磨损性能.结果表明,Co基合金涂层主要组成相为γ-Co与碳化物Cr23C6;加入钒氮合金后,出现了σ-FeV和VN等相,涂层凝固组织明显细化,熔覆层硬度提高,凡界面处硬度均比表层高;熔覆层的耐磨性随钒氮合金的加入及激光扫描速度的增加而提高,同时对熔覆层的磨损机制进行了分析.     

激光熔覆含SiCp添加物的CoSiC涂层的组织与性能

利用5kW连续波CO2激光器在16Mn钢基材表面对预置的添加20vol％SiCp的Co基合金粉末进行激光熔覆得到Co基SiC合金涂层（CoSiC）。研究了合金涂层的组织形貌及相结构，并与激光熔覆钴基合金涂层（Co55）进行了显微镜硬度及滑动磨损性能的对比试验。结果表明，CoSiC合金涂层组织由涂层底部的细密胞状共晶组织和涂层中上部的树枝状亚晶共晶组织所组成，主要组成相为γ－Co，Cr7C3，Cr23C6,CoSi2,Cr3Si及Si2W等。添加SiCp被完全溶解。激光熔覆CoSiC涂层比Co55涂层具有更高的硬度和耐磨性，并分析了其强化机理。     

基体材料对NiCrBSi激光熔覆层组织及硬度的影响

在TC4合金和60^#钢表面进行了激光熔覆NiCrBSi涂层的试验,利用扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪等对激光熔覆层的组织、成分和物查进行了分析,测试了激光熔覆层的显微硬度。结果表明,激光熔覆层在微观结构上存在熔覆区、结合区、基体热影响区三个区域。在TC4合金表面熔覆区中出现了TiB2、TiC等新相,其显微硬度在HV900－1100之间,明显于60^#钢表面熔覆区的显微硬度（HV800－900）。     

热输入对0Cr16Ni6合金激光熔覆修复层组织与性能的影响

针对0Cr16Ni6合金开展激光快速修复试验，利用光学显微镜(OM)和扫描电镜(SEM),观察分析所得接头的接头显微组织构成，利用显微硬度计检测接头硬度。研究表明：激光快速修复0Cr16Ni6合金接头分为基体、热影响区以及熔覆区；随着激光热输入的增加，热影响区组织形貌变化不大，与基体相似，由块状铁素体、奥氏体及其上析出的碳化物和少量板条状马氏体组成，且与熔覆区存在明显的分界线；熔覆区顶部区域组织分布均匀，主要为树枝晶，熔覆区中部呈现树枝晶向柱状枝晶过渡的趋势，熔覆区下部为柱状枝晶，枝晶尺寸随着激光热输入的增加而增大；熔覆区主要由基体γ相、强化相γ′和γ′′相及沿枝晶边界析出的白色不规则相δ和MC相等组成；随激光热输入的逐渐增加，热影响区宽度D和深度H的变动不大，仅存在±0.05 mm以内的微小波动；熔宽d和熔高h逐渐增加；熔覆区平均硬度值随单位时间内热输入量的增加，呈现先增加后减小的趋势，且各区域显微硬度值排序为熔覆区>基体>热影响区。     

低碳钢表面激光熔覆纳米TiAl合金涂层的显微组织

本文研究了在低碳钢表面激光熔覆纳米TiAl合金涂层的显微组织,以探索纳米材料在表面工程领域中的应用。研究结果表明低碳钢表面激光熔覆纳米TiAl合金涂层熔区组织仍为钢基组织,但熔区的晶粒大小仅为0 .8μm～1.2 μm ,比不用纳米TiAl合金的熔区晶粒约小一个数量级;在熔区的最表层形成了一新的致密的薄层组织(约为1μm)。低碳钢表面激光熔覆纳米TiAl合金涂层中形成细小的晶粒组织和致密的氧化物可以显著地提高其力学性能(硬度)和耐腐蚀性能。     

激光熔覆Co基高温合金涂层的显微组织与耐磨性能研究

采用激光熔覆技术在304L不锈钢基体表面制备了Co基高温合金涂层,利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析和X射线衍射分析了涂层的显微组织、物相组成以及磨损表面形貌,测试了涂层的室温滑动摩擦磨损性能.结果表明:激光熔覆Co基合金涂层从底部到表层依次为“胞状晶-粗大枝晶-细小树枝晶”组织,主要由γ-Co固溶体、Fe2Mo相及Co7Mo6相组成,涂层平均硬度约为630 HV,是304L不锈钢基体的3倍,室温摩擦磨损性能是304L不锈钢基体的1～1.5倍.由于难溶元素Mo的固溶强化及Fe2Mo及Co7Mo6硬质相的弥散强化使涂层具有较好的耐磨性能.     

Cr3C2对激光熔覆钴基合金涂层组织与性能的影响

采用5kW CO2连续激光在低碳钢表面激光熔覆了钴基合金涂层(Co60)及添加25％Cr3C2(质量分数)的钴基合金复合涂层(Cr3C2／Co)，对比研究了Cr3C2对熔覆涂层的组织、显微硬度及耐腐蚀磨损性能的影响。结果表明，在本试验条件下可得到熔覆质量良好的Co60及Cr3C2／Co涂层。Co60涂层组织主要由大量初生枝晶γ固溶体及其间的共晶组织γ与(Cr，Fe)7C3组成。Cr3C2／Co涂层组织主要由未熔Cr3C2，大量杆状和块状的富Cr碳化物及其间的非常细小的枝晶及其共晶体组成，主要组成相为γ-Co，Cr7C3，Cr23C6和未熔Cr3C2颗粒。添加的Cr3C2改变了Co60涂层的凝固特征，使Co60涂层的亚共晶结晶方式转变为Cr3C2／Co涂层的过共晶结晶方式。未熔Cr3C2粒子起到了非自发形核作用，在其周围形成了许多富Cr碳化物，并细化了涂层枝晶组织。Cr3C2/Co涂层的显微硬度以及在不同腐蚀介质中的耐磨性比Co60涂层都有明显提高。     

激光熔覆原位自生复合材料涂层的研究

利用激光熔覆技术,使用HL-1500型CO2激光器在45#钢表面制备出原位自生成的Ni基金属陶瓷TiB2层.并采用现代化分析手段对涂层的宏观形貌,显微组织特征和元素分部进行了系统的观察和分析.研究结果表明,熔覆合金层显微组织由枝晶固溶体及其间细密的共晶组织组成,涂层中存在γ-Fe,γ-Ni,TiB2,TiB和少量的Ni4B3.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first     

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS(CHINA)

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NEXT GENERATION WIRELESS NETWORKS–ESPECIALLY THE USE OF MILLI-MICROWAVE BANDS

The global bandwidth shortage of wireless communications has motivated the exploration of the naillimeter wave （ram-wave） frequency spectrum for the next generation wireless communications. Recent advances in RF CMOS technology and high speed baseband signal processing technologies have enabled tile extensive research and development of turn-wave wireless communications. The multi gigabit per second data rate of ram-wave system will lead to applications in many important scenarios, such as WPAN, WLAN,back-haul for cellular system. And the frequency bands include 28 GHz, 38 GHz, 45GHz, 60GHz, E-BAND and even beyond 100 GHz. The propagation and the imitation of the RF circuits design in these frequency bands make the directional antennas be inevitable for mm-wave communications.