电沉积制备CIS太阳能电池吸收层材料

在Cu衬底上用电沉积的方法沉积金属In,再通过硒蒸气硒化处理成功制备了CuInSe2薄膜.用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线能谱(EDS)对制备的薄膜进行相组成、微观结构、表面形貌等分析,研究了制备工艺条件对薄膜性能的影响.结果表明:电沉积的In在低温热处理阶段与衬底Cu扩散形成Cu-In合金预制层,预制层在硒化阶段生成CuInSe2,合金中过量Cu生成CuSe表面层,未反应的In转变为Cu16In9,形成Cu衬底/Cu16In9/ CuInse2/CuSe结构.     

电沉积法制备铜锌锡硫薄膜太阳能电池吸收层的研究进展

直接禁带半导体材料铜锌锡硫(CZTS)四元硫化物是近年来研究较多的具有锌黄锡矿结构的化合物半导体,由于其光吸收系数较高,禁带宽度适中,是太阳能电池理想的候选材料,使其在薄膜太阳能电池中迅速崛起。由于目前报道的最高转换效率距离其理论转换效率还存在相当差距,因此,研究CZTS(Se)四元硫(硒)化物半导体仍然是当前的研究热点之一。简单介绍了CZTS薄膜太阳能电池的结构组成,并详细介绍了3种主要制备CZTS薄膜的电沉积方法,即分步沉积Cu/Sn/Zn金属层、连续沉积Cu-Zn-Sn金属层、一步沉积Cu-Zn-Sn-S(Se)制备CZTS薄膜太阳能电池吸收层的电化学技术及相应器件,对其研究进展进行了综述,指出了相应方法存在的问题。还将3种电沉积方法进行了分析比较,提出了优化方法,展望了未来的发展趋势。     

薄膜太阳能电池

薄膜太阳能电池作为一种新的能源材料正在得到迅速的发展和进步,主要介绍了非晶硅、多晶硅薄膜太阳能电池以及CIGS薄膜太阳能电池,通过比较这几种薄膜太阳能电池各自的特点阐述了各种薄膜太阳能电池的发展状况.     

脉冲电沉积制备Fe-Pd合金薄膜

采用脉冲电沉积方法制备了Fe-Pd形状记忆合金薄膜。通过采用配位化学的方法并控制溶液pH值配制得到一系列稳定的Fe2+-Pd2+溶液,实验证实合适的配位剂可以有效减小Fe2+-Pd2+两种金属离子的还原电极电位,使得溶液体系能够长时间稳定并可顺利实现两种金属的共沉积。实验发现电流密度的减小会导致合金镀层中Pd含量的上升,同时提高溶液中Pd2+比例也有助于增加Pd在合金镀层中的含量。不同的阴极材料也会使得合金镀层中Pd含量随之变化同时影响镀层的形貌与质量。     

电沉积方法制备功能性金属化合物薄膜

本文综述了电沉积方法制备具有超导,电致变色特性的金属氧化物薄膜和具有半导体特性的金属化合物薄膜的基本方法,沉积原理,薄膜性能及存在问题,并对今后的发展进行了展望。     

电沉积法制备ZrO_2薄膜的工艺研究

研究了水溶液中电沉积ZrO2薄膜的工艺,系统分析了镀液成分、pH值、电流密度及沉积时间对电沉积ZrO2薄膜的影响规律,并分析了薄膜的厚度、成分和形貌等。研究结果表明,在硝酸锆水溶液中加入一定量的络合剂和添加剂,可以得到与基体结合好、分布均匀的ZrO2薄膜。     

二硫化铁（Pyrite）薄膜太阳能电池材料的制备及展望

ＦｅＳ２作为一种新型的太阳能电池材料受到了广泛的重视。综述了ＦｅＳ２的半导体机理，薄膜的制备及研究和展望。     

电沉积技术在制备纳米薄膜方面的应用

综述了电沉积技术制备纳米薄膜的研究,介绍了电沉积技术制备纳米膜的基本工艺,讨论了电沉积技术制备纳米薄膜的原理、分类、应用情况,阐述了目前存在的问题,并对今后采用电沉积技术制备纳米薄膜的研究方向提出了一些建议。     

NiO薄膜电极的电沉积制备及其性能研究

采用阴极电解沉积法成功制备了可用于薄膜锂离子电池的NiO薄膜电极,并对其进行了表征,测试了其电化学性能.研究表明,在溶液浓度为0.05mol/L,温度为80℃,电流密度为0.3mA/cm2条件下沉积1h,并经过热处理制备的NiO薄膜电极属立方结构,首次放电容量达到928mAh/g,在78μA/cm2的电流密度下循环10次后仍保持702mAh/g,表现出良好的电化学性能.     

CIGS薄膜太阳能电池吸收层制备工艺综述

CIGS薄膜太阳能电池具有高光吸收系数、高转化效率、高稳定性等优点,已经成为太阳能电池领域的研究热点。其小样品最高转化效率已达19.9%,可与多晶硅电池的转化效率(20.3%)媲美;其大面积电池组件转化效率一般在10%～15%范围内,根据各膜层材料组分及制备工艺的不同而有所变化。综述了CIGS薄膜太阳能电池吸收层的各种制备工艺及其产业化进程。     

电化学沉积太阳电池用CuInSe2和Cu(In,Ga)Se2薄膜的研究进展

综述了电化学沉积太阳电池用CuInSe2(CIS)和Cu(In,Ga)Sez(CIGS)薄膜的研究和发展;对CIS和CIGS预制层的电化学沉积路线,包括一步沉积、分步沉积和特种电沉积的研究进展进行了详细的评述;综述了电沉积预制层的后处理,包括退火、化学处理和PVD调整成分的研究状况.回顾了基于电化学沉积的CIS和CIGS太阳电池研究的发展过程,并介绍了目前实验室和产业化研究的最新成果,指出了存在的问题并展望了其发展趋势.     

柠檬酸浓度对电沉积制备CuInSe2薄膜的影响

采用Mo/钠钙玻璃衬底作研究电极,饱和甘汞电极(SCE)作参比电极,铂网电极作辅助电极的三电极体系,利用电沉积技术在镀钼的钠钙玻璃衬底上制备CuInSe2薄膜,研究络合剂柠檬酸浓度对CuInSe2薄膜制备的影响.利用EDS、xRD和SEM对制备的CuInSe2薄膜进行表征,结果表明:当柠檬酸的浓度为0.5mol/I时,可以制备致密性好、晶粒分布均匀、组分接近化学计量比的黄铜矿结构的CuInSe2薄膜.     

CuInSe2和Cu(In,Ga)Se2薄膜的制备进展

综述了CuInSe2 (CIS)和Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS)薄膜的最新制备和研究进展,重点论述了几种制备方法如热蒸发、喷涂热解、电化学沉积、溶解-旋涂、高温液相合成等对相应薄膜的形貌、结构、成分以及所组成太阳能电池光电性能的影响,探讨了这类薄膜太阳能电池存在的问题,展望了今后的研究方向.     

Characterization of Electrodeposited CuInSe2 Thin Films for Photovoltaic and Photoelectrochemical Applications

CuInSe₂ (CIS) thin films were deposited galvanostatically as well as potentiostatically by an aqueous method. The films were characterized with respect to their structural, opto-electronic and photoelectrochemical properties for application in photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical cells. The film properties depend on parameters like electrode potential, current density, deposition temperature and post-deposition heat treatment. The photoelectrochemical characterization of the film showed that electrodeposited CIS films may be used as photodiodes for hydrogen production by a photocatalytic method. The carrier concentration and flatband potential were determined from C-V measurement, and conductivity type was determined from photoelectrochemical characterization. The annealed films showed N_A = 6×l0¹⁸ cm^× and flat band potential V^B = 0.15 eV.     

两步法电化学制备CuInSe2太阳能电池吸收层材料

采用先沉积In2Se3薄膜,再沉积CuInSe2的两步法电化学制备薄膜太阳能电池CuInSe2吸收层材料.通过XRD、SEM、EDX等分析手段检测了材料形貌、结构以及组分等,结果表明薄膜组分比为CuIn1.7Se2.2,其中In和Se的含量相对化学计量比有所增加.循环伏安法研究表明CuInSe的沉积属于诱导共沉积范畴.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备太阳能薄膜的研究及展望

介绍了溶胶-凝胶法的反应机理、工艺过程,着重介绍了太阳能光电/光热转换的原理、薄膜的分类以及最新研究现状,指出采用溶胶-凝胶法可获得高效率太阳能薄膜,并展望了溶胶-凝胶法在太阳能薄膜制备方面的发展趋势及应用前景.     

Composition and Morphology of Electrodeposited CuInSe_2 Precursor Films

CuInSe2 (CIS) precursor films have been prepared by electrodeposition in aqueous solution. The electrodeposited films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) for structural, morphological and componential properties. The influence of deposition potential and Na-citrate concentration on composition and morphology of electrodeposited films was studied in detail. It is found that the film morphology is strongly influenced by deposition potential and Na-citrate concentration. Films with large and homogenous grain size and ratio of Cu/In approaching 1 were obtained at deposition potentials of -0.7 and -0.75 V vs the saturated calomel electrode (SCE) and Na-citrate concentration of 500 mmol/L. Chalcopyrite phase CuInSe2 is contained in precursor films that have poor crystallinity.     

Electrodeposition of Thin Re–Se Films

Re, Se, and Re–Se electrodeposition from alkaline electrolytes was studied. The effects of process variables were examined, and the nature of polarization in the course of rhenium and selenium deposition from alkaline electrolytes was assessed. Re–Se electrodeposition was investigated by the potentiodynamic polarization technique. The codeposition process was shown to be attended by depolarization, which is due to the energy release upon the formation of the alloy.     

Ferroelectric Properties of Perovskite Thin Films and Their Implications for Solar Energy Conversion

Whether or not methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI₃) is a ferroelectric semiconductor has caused controversy in the literature, fueled by many misunderstandings and imprecise definitions. Correlating recent literature reports and generic crystal properties with the authors' experimental evidence, the authors show that MAPbI₃ thin‐films are indeed semiconducting ferroelectrics and exhibit spontaneous polarization upon transition from the cubic high‐temperature phase to the tetragonal phase at room temperature. The polarization is predominantly oriented in‐plane and is organized in characteristic domains as probed with piezoresponse force microscopy. Drift‐diffusion simulations based on experimental patterns of polarized domains indicate a reduction of the Shockley–Read–Hall recombination of charge carriers within the perovskite grains due to the ferroelectric built‐in field and allow reproduction of the electrical solar cell properties.