科幻电影视角下的巨构实践研究

巨构建筑(megastructure)运动始于20世纪50年代末并持续至70年代中期,曾在建筑界拥有巨大影响力.在巨构建筑运动消退的数年后,巨构建筑和巨构理念开始频繁出现在科幻电影作品中.文章将分析这一现象产生的原因,并讨论巨构建筑理论对于今日建筑设计的意义.     

科幻电影视角下的巨构实践研究

巨构建筑(megastructure)运动始于20世纪50年代末并持续至70年代中期,曾在建筑界拥有巨大影响力.在巨构建筑运动消退的数年后,巨构建筑和巨构理念开始频繁出现在科幻电影作品中.文章将分析这一现象产生的原因,并讨论巨构建筑理论对于今日建筑设计的意义.     

公共生活的巨大容器 ——中国城市语境中的"巨构形式"理论述评

在中国,许多大体量建筑往往陷入肤浅、浮夸的形象设计,巨大威严的体量带来了距离感和压迫感,建筑缺少对城市生活的关注.而巨构形式理论主张以建筑形成巨大的水平性公共空间介入城市肌理,为城市生活提供巨大的公共活动场所.文章试图通过对比巨构形式理论与相关术语,归纳巨构形式理论的核心特征,以厘清其理论意涵及本质特征,并结合国内相关案例,试图发掘巨构形式理论在中国的现实价值,探索适合中国发展的有效策略.     

对巨构建筑的伦理学思考透视城市设计的发展走向

保罗·索勒里的巨构建筑理论具有前瞻性的价值。然而面对建筑伦理学,巨构建筑没有给出完善的答案。本文正是从建筑伦理学的角度出发,试图找到巨构建筑在此视角之下的理论缺陷,并将以此结论为指导,探讨当今城市设计中的伦理学关照。     

高校巨构的建筑起源(一)

高校巨构建筑具有巨构轴、巨构单元的模数化和通用性等特点。这些特点从国外早期的建筑研究中早有体现,可以归结为三点:长周期巨型结构,模数化大量使用和灵活可变单元,开放性和通用性。这三个特点是高校巨构建筑产生的直接原因。     

有关美国建筑评论的评论

建筑评论的“黄金时代”美国建筑评论集《批评的锋芒》(ＴｈｅＣｒｉｔｉｃａｌＥｄｇｅ),是以同一题目的一次建筑展览为基础而编辑出版的。该展览选择了过去15年左右在美国建成的被评论界最为关注或争论最为激烈的12幢代表性建筑,以求从一个侧面反映这一“预示着美国建筑本世纪最为激动人心的时期”。这本评论集选编了12篇评论这些建筑的文章。在这一所谓“激动人心的时期”,美国建筑已表现出“自从维克多利亚时期以来最大的活力与能量,以及创造性的多样化”,而且公众也被广泛地卷入这场建筑的大争论之中。这种局面的确使得美国的建筑师们…     

鲍罗.,索勒里的城市建筑生态学

鲍罗·索勒里是最早将生态学同建筑学结合在一起的先驱者之一。他于60年代创建了城市建筑生态学理论──将建筑和生态合为一体，并同创造新的城市聚居环境，并且在阿科桑底城付诸实践。阿科桑底城的经验推动了城市建筑生态学理论第二代──“两个太阳”的城市建筑生态学理论的产生，一个太阳是物质的，是生命、能且的源泉，另一个太阳表示人类的精神和不断进化的意识。巨构建筑构想是运用“两个太阳”城市建筑生态学理论的一种城市模式。     

地铁站上的漂浮城岛——香港九龙站发展案例研究

通过聚焦九龙机铁站并观察其巨构建筑的特征来考察香港九龙站地区的发展计划案,分析巨构建筑的原型并将其与九龙机铁站项目进行对比.总结巨构建筑和香港地铁网络站点结合的实践,并指出巨构建筑在亚洲城市中的空间分布特征,试图在建筑语境下建立起评判的标准.     

巨构式教学建筑的认知地图设计

巨构式教学建筑是在中国高校扩招背景下一种短时间之内迅速建成的巨型建筑,由于其体量巨大,内部空间复杂,导致空间意象的模糊和缺失,通过对这种巨型建筑内部空间特征的剖析,研究如何通过认知地图的方式设计和强化空间意象感,并以华侨大学厦门校区教学办公大楼的标识系统的设置具体实践认知地图的应用。     

平民与精英之间

“平民建筑”是一个全新的概念。任何书本中,都不曾按照平民、精英这样的社会群体来区分建筑类型,而他们的社会特性决定了其建筑思想形态的特征:精英建筑是唯一的、纪念碑式的、巨构的、崇高的;而与之相对,平民建筑则表现为可复制、朴实、微小、低俗。矛盾实际上,将建筑类型按平民与精英两个社会群体区分是过于简单化的做法。首先,不存在绝对的平民或精英建筑,它们之间存在互相转化的平衡过程;其次,具体到每个人,其身份可以在精英与平民之间相互转换,这种身份的不确定性,也带来了平民建筑与精英建筑之间关系的矛盾性和模糊性。启示构建出任…     

Fumihiko Maki

The Japanese Pritzker Prize winning architect Fumihiko Maki is credited with coining the term ‘megastructure’. Here, Jennifer Taylor describes how he has refined it, and defined a specific way of handling urban megacompositions that he calls ‘group form’, over the course of a career spanning more than four decades.     

圆柱面组合杆系巨型网格结构的优化与适宜跨度分析

对圆柱面杆系巨型网格结构 ,文中就其子结构的布置、组合杆的计算、结构整体优化计算方法等进行了分析 ;通过是否考虑两者协同承载、有无主体结构上弦杆的对比分析 ,综合考虑构造因素 ,就子结构的布置提出了两种比较优越的巨型网格结构形式 ,并对巨型结构形式与普通双层网壳就用钢量方面进行了对比分析 ,提出了各结构形式的适宜跨度范围。     

Waltropolis: City in a Box

Reyner Banham now seems premature in declaring the megastructure dead in the early 1970s. Here, theboxtank (Emily Andersen, Geoff DeOld and Corey Hoelker), a collaborative blog about big-box urbanism and retail, considers the latent architectural possibilities of the now global phenomenon of space enclosing industrially clad megasheds - the potential of which was never underestimated by Cedric Price or Martin Pawley.     

高校巨构建筑与当代教育

中国高校教育建筑进入一个新的快速增长时期,很多新高校对校园进行整体化设计.出现一种巨构建筑,体量巨大,不按系设馆,主体是交流交往的长周期空间,各种标准化的通用房间联系在主体上以利于灵活使用、资源共享.这种建筑的出现有许多原因.其中当代教育的资源共享、学科交叉、校园快速建设和网络化校园是促成其出现的部分主因.     

Appreciating Cumbernauld

Built between 1961 and 1969, Cumbernauld town centre was intended by the town's newly established architects' department to be the centrepiece of a Modernist ‘utopia’ that would absorb Glasgow's overspill. It initially attracted architectural honours, but coverage then became damning. Reyner Banham said of it: ‘It shaped its times, and was shaped by them, most notably and depressingly in the use of raw off-the-form concrete … a weeping, sweeping, drip-stained brown.’ As a visiting professor at the University of Strathclyde, Gordon Murray has worked with the head of the school, Steven Spier, to focus all final-year projects on Cumbernauld. This has resulted in a reappraisal and reappreciation of the much-maligned megastructure.     

The Emergence of the global and social city: Golden Mile and the politics of urban renewal

ABSTRACT

This study discusses the conflicted ideas of urban renewal under the economically progressive but inexperienced leadership of a young Singapore government. As the site of this study, the Golden Mile shares its aspirational name with the first building built on it – the Golden Mile Complex. This district was planned to carry Singapore into the era of the global city. During the period of modernization in the 1960s, influential ideas were propagated through different United Nations experts. Singapore used these recommendations to legitimize an aggressive form of urban renewal, but it also encouraged greater participation by think tanks with greater intellectual and research sophistication. This marked Singapore’s most democratic period of public debate and participation in urban policy-making. The advancements made by the Singapore Planning and Urban Research group, and Lim’s built megastructure and unbuilt linear city came about under these liberal conditions. Consumerist functions and civic-minded forms were combined to produce unprecedented but ultimately incomplete socio-urban effects. This episode revealed that Singapore’s successful legacy of modernization was always exclusively narrated by the state, but there was an under-documented tussle was between the sociopolitical capital of Singapore’s public housing programme, and the economic acceleration of private and global consumerist functions.     

Too Big To Fail

Sarah Dunn and Martin Felsen of UrbanLab tackle the timidity of current practice: ‘Why, as a discipline, do we think that we can counter big crises with small ideas?’ They call for a contemporary revival and redefinition of the megastructure. This is exemplified by their project for the Free Water District (FWD) in the Great Lakes, which enables the infrastructural reconstruction and urban renewal of a post-industrial landscape.     

高层建筑巨型结构体系的竖向地震作用

为满足现代高层建筑的多功能和多用途需要,巨型结构体系在国内外高层层和超高层建筑中已 逐渐得到应用。本文建立了巨型框架结构体系在竖向地震作用下的分析模型及相应的分析方法,其中包括反应谱分析及时程分析,通过具体算例和分析表明竖向地震对此类结构的作用是十分显著的,在巨型结构体系的分析和设计中,竖向地震力是不可忽视,本文进一步地指出：在分析此类结构的地震作用时,“层模型”是不适用的。     

Things Will Endure Less Than Us

Ian Abley challenges the current architectural veneration of everything small and tailormade. Could a correlation between the small scale and the sustainable be entirely misplaced? Could our very predilection for ‘sensitive’ diminuitive design be causing us to completely overlook the potential of the megastructure? Shouldn't we be striving to deliver reusable spaces with recyclable parts to the greatest number of people?     

A Qualitative Examination of Jim Kemeny’s Arguments on High Home Ownership,the Retirement Pension and the Dualist Rental System Focusing on Australia

A key aspect of Jim Kemeny’s argument is that in advanced economies that have high levels of home ownership, the age pension is only adequate if you have low accommodation costs. A related argument is that these societies will be dominated by what he calls a dualist rental market. In this rental market regulation is minimal and landlords hold sway. Kemeny’s thesis, was given added support by Castles’ (1998) more extensive comparative analysis. He concluded that his findings were ‘extremely supportive’ of Kemeny’s conclusion. In this paper, I use in-depth interviews to test Kemeny’s thesis. The circumstances of older homeowners and older private renters in Australia are compared. All of the interviewees were dependent solely or primarily on the government age pension. The interviews indicated that almost all of the older homeowners felt that the age pension was adequate. They were able to consume adequately, engage in leisure activities, run a car, go on holiday and they had little anxiety about their financial situation. This was especially so in the case of those interviewees drawing the couples pension. In contrast, most of the older private renters suffered from severe financial stress. Invariably they had to use a large proportion of their income to pay for accommodation, and as a result, they found it difficult to purchase basic items and any unexpected expense precipitated much anxiety. Their limited resources severely impacted on their capacity to sustain social contacts, engage in leisure activities and look after their health. In addition to having limited resources, many had minimal security of occupancy. The interviews strongly substantiated Kemeny’s original thesis. They illustrated that within a dualist rental market the housing tenure and attendant accommodation costs of a person dependent on the government age pension are crucial determinants of their capacity to live a decent life.