胃肠道间质瘤28例临床病理分析

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)的临床病理特点,分析其生物学行为与形态学的关系。方法回顾性总结分析28例GIST患者的临床病理资料,并复习相关文献。结果本组28例GIST患者中,发生在胃13例,小肠8例,结肠3例,食管2例,肠系膜1例,腹腔1例;高度恶性GIST 20例,低度恶性GIST 8例。镜下肿瘤组织由梭形细胞及上皮样细胞以不同比例混合而成。高度恶性GIST上皮样细胞比较增多。免疫组化标记显示CD117均为阳性。高度恶性组Ki-67阳性指数30%,低度恶性组Ki-67阳性指数3%。S-100及Actin仅2例灶状阳性,其余均阴性。结论上皮样细胞型GIST可能侵袭性更强,转移率更高;免疫组化标记Ki-67可能会成为评价其转移潜能的一个重要指标。     

恶性胃肠道间质瘤的CT特点15例分析

[目的]分析恶性胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)的CT特点.[方法]回顾性分析经手术病理证实的恶性GIST 15例,发生于胃6例,小肠4例,食管1例,直肠1例,小肠系膜2例,结肠系膜1例.术前12例均行CT平扫和增强扫描.3例仅平扫.[结果]恶性GIST平扫CT表现:病灶体积均大于5cm;胃肠道壁增厚4例,圆形或类圆形肿块11例;增强扫描后中度强化或明显强化.[结论]CT对恶性胃肠道间质瘤有一定的诊断价值.     

Gastrointestinal stromal tumour of the colon presenting with intestinal obstruction

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours are the commonest mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, the stomach and small intestine being the favored sites. They rarely occur in the colon and rectum and esophagus. The diagnosis is difficult, especially in the rarer sites, since there are no pathognomic features to suggest GIST on preoperative clinical examination and investigations, and only a detailed histopathological analysis of the specimen reveals their true nature. The case of a young female patient who presented with intestinal obstruction due a GIST of the transverse colon is reported. The relevant literature is briefly reviewed.     

胃肠道及胃肠道外间质瘤的临床病理及免疫组化分析

目的:研究胃肠道及胃肠道外间质瘤的临床病理及免疫组化特点。方法:应用光学显微镜观察20例胃肠道及胃肠道外间质瘤的形态特征,用免疫组化SP法检测CD117、CD34、Vimentin、SMA、desmin及S-100等6种抗体的表达情况。结果:20例间质瘤中,女性11例,男性9例,平均年龄59·82岁(27~80岁)。发生部位:胃8例(40%),小肠4例(20%),大肠2例(10%),食管1例(5%),肠系膜4例(20%),大网膜1例(5%)。肿瘤镜下主要由梭形和上皮样细胞组成,有栅栏状、交叉束状、漩涡状及巢状等多种排列。CD117、CD34、Vimentin、SMA、desmin及S-100表达阳性率分别为95%(19/20),75%(15/20),100%(20/20),40%(8/20),5%(1/20)及25%(5/20)。临床症状以腹部包块、腹部不适及消化道出血为主。良性3例(3/20),潜在恶性4例(4/20),恶性13例(13/20)。恶性间质瘤中的核分裂>5/50HPF、肿瘤细胞坏死及细胞密集比良性和低度恶性者常见(P<0·05)。结论:间质瘤多发生于老年人,无性别差异,胃肠道是其好发部位,细胞排列多样,具有多向分化能力,免疫组化证实部分GIST具有不完全的平滑肌、神经单向或双向分化特征。核分裂>5/50HPF、肿瘤细胞坏死及细胞密集是重要的恶性指征。CD117及CD34是其较特异及敏感的抗体,免疫组化在间质瘤的诊断及鉴别诊断中起重要作用。     

胃肠道间质瘤14例临床分析

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤的临床特征、诊断及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析14例胃肠间质瘤的临床资料。结果本组14例胃肠间质瘤中病变发生在食管1例,胃5例,小肠7例,直肠1例,均行手术治疗,术后病理:恶性9例,良性2例,交界性3例。9例随访1~99个月,随访期死亡4例。结论胃肠间质瘤临床表现无特异性,术前确诊率低,手术切除是主要治疗方法,恶性病变术后需做综合治疗。     

胃肠道间质瘤淋巴结转移临床意义文献分析

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）淋巴结转移的临床意义。方法于PubMed及万方数据库检索1998年1月至2010年12月有关GIST淋巴结转移研究的文献,分析相关病例资料,总结GIST淋巴结转移的临床病理学特征、基因表达、GIST分期及GIST预后与淋巴结转移的关系。结果共收集到GIST淋巴结转移详细报告病例16例,男性6例,女性10例,中位年龄49．25岁;GIST发生于胃12例,小肠3例,食管1例;肿瘤细胞为梭形7例,上皮样3例,余6例呈以梭形为主的混合形状;7例进行了基因检测。结论发生于胃、肿瘤分级为高危组、细胞形态为梭形细胞的GIST容易发生淋巴结转移,基因突变与其存在某种相关性。但其临床意义仍不清楚。     

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: A clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 136 cases

The clinicopathologic features of 136 gastrointestinal stromal tumors were analyzed. The tumors occurred in 60 women and 76 men, ranging in age from 19 to 88 years (median 59 years, mean 59.2 years). Sixty-one cases arose from stomach, 38 from small intestine and 11 from colon or rectum. Abdominal cavity was indicated as tumor site in 10 cases, but the extra-gastrointestinal origin using strict criteria was not proved. Four locally recurrent cases and 12 metastatic samples were also included. The primary and recurrent tumors ranged in size from 0.5 to 30 cm (mean 8.3 cm). The large number of high-grade cases (85 of 112 classifiable) is alarming and emphasize the importance of oncology care. Histologically, ninety-two cases were classified as spindle cell while 11 as epithelioid GIST. Mixed cellularity was seen in 33 cases. Skeinoid fibers were present in 14 and coagulation necrosis in 40 primary cases. Ulceration observed by microscopic examination was common (36 of 110 cases, 32.7%), explaining the clinically frequently observed gastrointestinal bleeding. Unusual histological features such as stromal hyalinization and nuclear palisading were present in 30 and 27 cases, respectively. Immunohistochemical CD117 (c-kit) positivity was documented in 133 cases. Three cases with CD117 negative results were included, because their morphology was most consistent with GIST and immunohistochemical reactions excluded the possibility of other neoplasms. CD34 positivity was seen in 70%, alpha-smooth muscle actin positivity in 39.6% of examined cases. Only one case showed desmin reactivity and seven had S100 positive tumor cells. For h-caldesmon 39 cases proved to be positive (60.9% of the tested cases).     

胃肠道间质瘤23例临床分析

目的 探讨胃肠道间质瘤的临床表现、诊断和治疗。方法 回顾性分析1995年11月至2004年1月收治23例胃肠道间质瘤的临床资料。结果 23例中病变部位在胃的9例，小肠8例，食管3例，直肠2例，十二指肠1例。全部行手术治疗，恶性10例，良性9例，交界性4例。18例术后随访1～99月，随访期内死亡8例。结论 胃肠道间质瘤临床表现无特异性，病理检查是确诊的依据，手术切除是最主要的治疗方法。     

胃肠道间质瘤的诊断与外科治疗

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤的临床特点、诊断及治疗。方法对27例胃肠道间质瘤的临床资料进行回顾分析。结果肿瘤发生部位：胃间质瘤20例（74.1%）,小肠间质瘤5例（18.5%）,结直肠间质瘤2例（7.4%）。主要症状为腹痛、腹胀,消化道出血,腹部包块,贫血及肠梗阻。免疫组化CD117阳性23例,CD34阳性21例。全部病例均行手术治疗,无手术死亡。结论胃肠道间质瘤消化道症状无特异性,术前确诊率低,容易造成误诊;CD117和CD34阳性可作为胃肠道间质瘤诊断标志;根治性手术仍是目前G IST的首选治疗,靶向治疗将成为G IST治疗的重要手段。     

胃肠道间质瘤免疫表型的表达及临床意义

目的:观察胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）免疫表型的表达,分析其在诊断上的临床意义,探讨其与危险度分级的关系。方法:吉林大学第一医院病理科2010 年 12 月至 2012 年 8月检测的GIST术后标本65 例,采用免疫组化SP法检测CD117、CD34、DOG1、SMA、S-100、Ki-67和Desmin的表达,应用SPSS 17.0对数据进行分析,探讨相关免疫表型与临床病理相关因素的关系。结果:65例GIST中DOG1、CD117、CD34 的阳性率分别为100.0%、96.9%、89.2%。CD34在胃GIST的阳性表达高于小肠GIST(P＜0.05),SMA在小肠GIST的阳性表达高于胃GIST(P＜0.05),Ki-67的表达与肿瘤大小、核分裂相、危险度分级相关。结论:CD117联合CD34、DOG1检测可以提高GIST的诊断率;SMA在小肠GIST中表达率明显高于胃GIST的表达,CD34在胃GIST中表达率高于小肠GIST的表达;Ki-67可以作为一个判定GIST预后的指标。     

胃肠道间质瘤20例临床分析

目的探讨胃肠道间质瘤的临床表现、诊断、治疗和预后。方法回顾性分析2001年10月～2005年10月收治的20例胃肠道间质瘤的临床和病理资料。结果主要l临床表现为腹部不适（6例），消化道出血（14例）。病变部位在胃（12例）、小肠（6例）、直肠（1例）、结肠（1例）。均行手术治疗。20例镜下均见梭形细胞，其中良性9例，交界性5例，恶性6例。免疫组化CD117（＋）90％，CD34（＋）85％。随诊率100％，患者均存活。结论内镜和影像学检查是发现胃肠道间质瘤的主要手段，术前确诊较网难，手术切除是病理确诊和治疗的主要方法。     

CD117弱表达及阴性表达的胃肠道间质瘤13例分析

  目的 分析 CD117弱表达及阴性表达的胃肠道间质瘤的特点。方法 回顾性分析 13 例经手术病理证实的 CD117弱表达及阴性表达胃肠道间质瘤的特点。结果　肿瘤位于胃部 6 例，小肠 4 例，结直肠 2 例，大网膜 1 例。腹部疼痛不适 6 例，呕血或黑便 3 例。病理学检查肿瘤为良性者 5 例，恶性者8 例。CT 检查表现为软组织密度，5例病变含有囊变及出血，所有病变均未见钙化。良性肿瘤大小（最长径×最短径）平均为3.4 cm×2.8 cm；恶性肿瘤大小平均为7.5 cm×6.2 cm。13 例患者均经手术治疗，手术切除率100 ％。10 例术后获随访6个月~ 4 年，有1 例死于肿瘤复发转移，其余至今仍生存。结论　CD117弱表达及阴性表达的胃肠道间质瘤的好发部位为胃体。CT 扫描有助于 CD117弱表达及阴性表达胃肠道间质瘤的定位和良恶性的判断。手术是其治疗的主要方法。     

胃肠道间质瘤的临床病理特征与外科治疗

目的：探讨胃肠道间质瘤（GIST）的临床表现、病理学特征及治疗方法。方法：回顾分析2002年3月至2007年3月间62例经手术病理证实的GIST资料。结果：GIST主要发生在胃（46．8％）和小肠（30．6％）。CD117阳性表达率为93．5％,CD34阳性表达率为79．0％。结论：GIST临床表现缺乏特异性,术前诊断较难;病理免疫组化CD117、CD34等标记阳性是确诊GIST的依据;手术切除仍是目前主要的治疗手段。     

Small bud of probable gastrointestinal stromal tumor within a laparoscopically-resected gastric schwannoma

Submucosal tumors (SMTs) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can be potentially difficulty to diagnose pathologically. We report a case of a gastric SMT that was resected by laparoscopic partial gastrectomy. Although the initial histological and immunohistochemical examinations considered the tumor as a schwannoma, mRNA-based KIT genotyping indicated that the tumor included cells with KIT gene expression, and that a small number of cells carried a deletion mutation in exon 11. Additional histopathological investigations revealed small aggregates of enlarged spindle to epithelioid cells, which were positive for KIT, CD34 and DOG1, and negative for S-100, scattered among the S-100-positive schwannoma cells. We consider that the cells carrying the KIT gene mutation are microscopic buds of a gastrointestinal stroma tumor (GIST), and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of probable GIST tissues identified in a schwannoma. Our observations raised the significance of genotyping for diagnosis of GI tract SMTs.     

胃肠道间质瘤24例临床病理及免疫组化分析

目的：探讨胃肠道间质瘤（gastrointestinal stromal tumor，GIST）的临床病理诊断及其免疫组化表达的意义。方法：对24例GIST进行临床病理学观察；应用免疫组化二步法检测CD117、CD34、SMA、S-100等表达。结果：24例GIST发病平均年龄52．7岁；肿瘤多见于胃；主要症状为中上腹不适和黑便；瘤块平均直径为4．1cm；肿瘤主要由梭形细胞组成，部分呈上皮样细胞，梭形细胞型14例（58．3％），上皮样细胞型4例（16．6％），混合细胞型6例（25．0％）；良性5例（20．8％），交界性5例（20．8％），恶性14例（58．4％）；免疫表型：CD117阳性23例（95．8％），CD34阳性20例（83．3％）．均呈弥漫性强阳性。结论：GIST好发干中老年人，以胃部多见；瘤细胞主要为梭形细胞；多为恶性及交界性．确诊需要CD117、CD34等免疫标记物检查。     

The estimated incidence of gastrointestinal stromal tumors in France. Results of PROGIST study conducted among pathologists

The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) in France.MethodThis prospective epidemiological study was performed among pathologists who were asked to report exhaustively the cases of GIST over a one-year period.ResultsFive hundred ninety-one cases of GISTs were reported, 535 new cases and 56 cases of relapse. So, the estimated incidence of GIST in France was 8.5–10 cases per million inhabitants in 2005. The main characteristics of the new GIST cases were as follows: mean age 65 (± 13.2) years; 48.6% men; circumstances of discovery: fortuitous 30.5%, symptomatic 46.5%, and unknown 23%. The primary tumor locations were stomach 63.7%, small intestine 21.5%, mesentery 6.5%, colon and rectum 3.2%, esophagus 0.7%, and 4.3% locations were listed as unknown. Globally, 95.3% of GISTs were cKIT (CD117) positive. Based on tumor size and mitotic rate, among the 490 localized GISTs, 14.7% were considered to have a very low prognostic risk, 25.5% low risk, 23.1% intermediate risk, and 23.1% high risk.ConclusionsThis study provides for the first time an estimation of the incidence of GISTs in France, and the results are comparable to what has been reported in studies in other European countries.     

Angiosarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract. A report of three cases

Three cases of angiosarcoma in the stomach, small bowel, and colon, respectively, are reported. The gastric lesion occurred many years after historic evidence of cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma. Two of the three lesions exhibited multifocality, and all demonstrated aggressive biologic courses. The varied histologic features of angiosarcoma make this diagnosis difficult to establish in an unusual location such as the gastrointestinal tract. The use of immunohistochemistry for a panel of antibodies, particularly the successful reaction with Factor VIII-related antigen, is important in evaluating light microscopically unusual tumors. A delicate framework of collagen type IV was elicited in each case, but ultrastructurally correlated with short segments of basal lamina in one case. This suggests that the absence of the traditional morphologic expression of basal lamina does not preclude its presence and emphasizes the sensitivity of immunohistochemistry. The lack of previously reported cases of gastrointestinal angiosarcoma may be because the tumor is underrecognized or because it is truly a rare occurrence.     

Smooth muscle tumors of the alimentary tract--a review of 397 cases

397 cases of smooth muscle tumor of the alimentary tract were analysed. 385 were collected from the domestic literature in the recent 10 years and 12 are added by the authors. The tumor occurred more frequently in patients 40-60 years old. Diameter of the tumor ranged from 0.5-35 cm. The diameter of leiomyosarcoma was larger than that of leiomyoma on an average. The ratio of benign to malignant incidence was 3.2:1. Exclusive of 204 (51.4%) cases which occurred in the esophagus, the ratio was 1.1:1 in the other 193. In the 12 cases reported by the authors, it was 1:3. In the 193 cases of the GI tract, the lesion occurred in the stomach in 50.8%, in the small intestine in 29.0%, in the colon 1.0% and in the rectum 19.2%. The three most common clinical symptoms of those in the stomach and small intestine were abdominal mass (54.3%), bleeding (49.1%) and abdominal pain (45.7%). These 12 cases reported comprised 0.019% of 62, 088 patients admitted into our hospital, 0.09% of 12,678 tumor inpatients during the same period and 0.61% of 1,983 of malignant tumors in the alimentary tract. The preoperative diagnostic accuracy of this tumor was low, only 7.7% of all the GI neoplasms. On basis of the present data, improving the preoperative diagnostic accuracy is stressed.     

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Clinicopathologic and Risk Stratification Study of 255 Cases from Pakistan and Review of Literature

Purpose: To describe the clinicopathological features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) diagnosed inour section and to perform risk stratification of our cases by assigning them to specific risk categories and groupsfor disease progression based on proposals by Fletcher et al and Miettinen and Lasota. Materials and Results:We retrieved 255 cases of GIST diagnosed between 2003 and 2014. Over 59% were male. The age range was16 to 83 years with a mean of 51 years. Over 70% occurred between 40 and 70 years of age. Average diameterof tumors was 10 cms. The stomach was the most common site accounting for about 40%. EGISTs constitutedabout 16%. On histologic examination, spindle cell morphology was seen in almost of 85% cases. CD117 was themost useful immunohistochemical antibody, positive in 98%. Risk stratification was possible for 220 cases. Basedon Fletcher’s consensus proposal, 62.3 gastric, 81.8% duodenal, 68% small intestinal, 72% colorectal and 89%EGISTs were assigned to the high risk category; while based on Miettinen and Lasota’s algorithm, about 48%gastric, 100% duodenal, 76% small intestinal, 100% colorectal and 100% EGISTs in our study were associatedwith high risk for disease progression, tumor metastasis and tumor related death. Follow up was available in95 patients; 26 were dead and 69 alive at follow up. Most of the patients who died had high risk disease andon average death occurred just a few months to a maximum of one to two years after initial surgical resection.Conclusions: Epidemiological and morphologic findings in our study were similar to international publisheddata. The majority of cases in our study belonged to the high risk category.     

胃肠间质瘤的预后因素分析

目的 探讨胃肠间质瘤（gastrointcstinal stromal tumors,GIST）病理组织特点及其免疫组化表达情况,并对影响GSIT患者预后因素进行分析,为临床GIST的诊疗提供依据。方法 收集经病理诊断的67例GIST患者临床病理资料并进行随访,所有GIST患者均行常规病理及免疫组化检查,对CD117、CD34、S-100、dog-1、desmin染色特点进行分析。运用Life-table法计算总生存期并绘制生存曲线加以比较,采用Cox风险比例模型分析影响预后的因素。结果 67例GIST中,病变位于胃41例,肠17例,胃肠道以外9例;组织学类型主要以梭型细胞型多见,为52例,其次为上皮细胞型12例,混合细胞型最少,为3例;免疫组化CD117阳性61例,CD34阳性52 例,S-100阳性28例,dog-1阳性65例,desmin阳性23例;发生于消化道的GIST其CD117、CD34、dog-1的表达均高于发生于消化道外者,二者差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）,而S-100及desmin的表达在二者间的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。单因素及多因素分析均提示GIST预后与是否存在远处转移、危险度分级、格列卫治疗情况有关（P<0.05）,而与患者年龄、性别、肿瘤部位、肿瘤直径和CD117的表达情况均无关（P＞0.05）。结论 GIST常见的组织学类型为梭型细胞型,胃为GIST最常见的发生部位,其次是肠,发生于腹膜外的GIST少见;CD117、CD34、dog-1在GIST中呈高表达,发生于消化道与消化道外的GIST其免疫组化分子的表达存在差异。远处转移、危险度分级和格列卫治疗情况是影响GIST患者预后的独立因素。