A high-precision control system for robotic welding positioner

0Introduction Numericallycontrolled(NC)weldingpositioneristhe keycomponentofweldingflexiblemanufacturingcenter (WFMC)ofarcweldingrobotthatrequiresahighquality controlsystem.Thepotentialqualitiesofcontrolsystemin cludereasonablestructure,powerfulcomputing…     

窄间隙焊接技术中焊接方法特性的遗传

分析了常用焊接方法的主要技术特性在窄间隙焊接技术中的遗传，以及常用焊接方法的局限性对窄间隙技术的可靠性和应用特性的影响。     

基于电弧传感方式的窄间隙焊枪高度自适应跟踪系统

基于电弧传感原理，用试验方法建立了CO2气体保护短路过渡焊接条件下焊枪高度与电弧电压均值之间的静态数学模型，通过信号处理及PID调节实现了计算机控制的窄间隙焊枪高度自适应实时跟踪，为窄间隙接质量保障提供了一种新的技术途径。     

Development of gap sensing system for narrow gap laser welding

Narrow gap welding with an oscillation laser beam is one of the effective processes for thick plate welding. To put this welding process into practical manufacturing, a groove-sensing system using image processing for narrow gap welding with an oscillation laser beam is used. This developed system uses still images of the weld zone taken by a coaxial CMOS camera. It can recognize the position of the groove wall by analysing the brightness distribution in the still image. It can then control the oscillation width and the laser-irradiated area by calculating the groove width and the groove centre position. Some narrow gap welding experiments were performed to evaluate the performance of the developed system. The results revealed that the developed system is effective for narrow gap welding with an oscillation laser beam. Using this system, the narrow gap groove can be welded even if the groove width has changed during the welding process.     

基于电弧传感窄间隙焊枪高度跟踪的信号处理及控制策略

在细丝CO2短路过渡窄间隙焊接时，基于电弧传感原理的焊枪高度跟踪系统易受短路过渡稳定性、送丝稳定性等干扰因素的影响，焊枪高度调节发生振荡或失控。通过采用统计短路频率法对弧压信号进行处理，并采用参数自校正可变增益PID的控制算法，改善了系统的调节特性，满足了窄间隙焊接过程中高度跟踪的精度和实时要求。     

中厚板变坡口焊缝填充自适应控制系统

针对中厚板变坡口机器人焊接焊缝填充的问题,利用激光传感器扫描坡口拟合出坡口截面积变化规律. 设计焊接数据库,存储不同焊接参数下对应的焊缝截面积,使用最小二乘法推理出焊缝截面积与焊接速度的函数关系. 根据坡口截面积变化规律,自适应控制焊接速度的变化,从而使得工件坡口刚好填满,解决了变坡口焊接参数调整的难题. 可用数据库语言对知识库进行规范管理,不断完善焊接数据库. 以厚度为12 mm的变坡口中厚板为例进行试验. 结果表明,该系统焊接效果良好,坡口金属填充量误差较小.     

CCWELD:A CIM system for robotic arc welding

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CCWELD: A CIM system for robotic arc welding

0IntroductionArcweldingisamanufacturingprocesswhichbenefitsconsiderablyfromtheuseofrobots.InChina,robotarcweldingstationsareincreasingcontinuouslyl'].However,conventionalteaching-play-backarcweldingrobotscan'tadjusttothechangeofweldworkpieces.andprogrammingcostsalotofproductiontimewithlowefficiency.ThissitUationcan'tmeettherequirementofsmallandmediumbatchmanufacturing.ThesolutionistodevelopCIMsystemwithoff-lineprogrammingsoftwareandsuitablesensorIZI.Inadvancedcountries,anumberofpowerfulCI…     

基于面阵 CCD图象处理的窄间隙焊自动跟踪系统

介绍了一种采用表面张力过渡技术、 GWAM窄间隙焊接条件下的基于面阵 CCD图象处理方式的实时自动跟踪系统。该系统由 256× 256面阵 CCD,工业控制计算机、二维执行机构组成。该系统可对近似 I形的窄间隙坡口,同时存在弧光、烟尘、飞溅等干扰条件下的窄间隙自动焊进行 0.1 mm精度的实时自动跟踪。     

An image-guided mobile robotic welding system for SMAW repair processes

Conventionally, shield metal arc welding (SMAW) has been performed by manual operator, and hence it is not easy to apply in hazardous areas such as in nuclear power plants. An image-guided mobile robotic welding system is developed in this study for the automation of the SMAW process. The position of cracks can also be determined by this image-guided mobile robotic welding system. We installed two CCD cameras, a five-axis SCORBOT-ER VII robot and SMAW equipment on a mobile vehicle. The cameras are installed in parallel and can be used to detect the position of any cracks beforehand; the robot is then driven at a constant welding speed along the welding path. Based on the binocular images captured by the CCD cameras, an on-line algorithm is used to compare the disparities between the two images and to obtain the welding paths for the cracks. Since the electrode is consumed during the SMAW process, the robotic joint trajectories need to be modified to keep the end of the electrode on tracking on the desired welding path. The control system determines the feeding velocity of the electrode from the measured welding current and joint positions and modifies the joint trajectories correspondingly. The experimental results show that our system can effectively perform SMAW operations resulting in good quality welding. Also, the variation of the welding current in our system is much smaller than that operated by even senior technicians.     

智能视觉技术在焊接系统中的应用

介绍了最新的激光视觉传感技术在机器人焊缝搜索定位、机器人或专机自动化焊缝跟踪及智能化激光焊接系统中的应用。设计的Sense-I/D和SF/D传感器能实现快速精确地搜索定位焊缝,而且能最大限度地减少对焊枪可达性的影响;先进的Mini-I/D激光传感系统可以简单而可靠地实现焊缝跟踪,在焊接中能够根据所测量的间隙和错边等数据实时地调整焊接过程参数;Digi-Las数字激光焊接头包含了焊缝搜索位、焊缝跟踪、焊接参数自适应控制及焊缝成形和表面缺陷检测功能。应用适合焊接的智能化激光视觉传感技术,可提高焊接质量和生产效率,降低焊接生产成本,有效提高焊接产品质量和价格的竞争力。     

Novel rotation arc system for narrow gap MAG welding

Abstract

The present paper develops a hollow axis motor driven high speed rotation arc system for narrow gap welding (NGW), and introduces the features of this system. Some welding experiments were then carried out to investigate the characteristics of welding wire melting and weld formation for this new process. Experimental results show that the melting rate of wire increases and the residual melting ball diameter of wire tip decreases respectively with an increase in rotation speed, and this melting rate is higher in pulsed welding and NGW respectively than in dc and flat plate welding. Furthermore, the arc rotation can obviously improve the penetration into NGW groove sidewalls and bead shape, and thus the system has been used to weld practical NGW joints successfully.     

Data-driven process characterization and adaptive control in robotic arc welding

Robotic arc welding (RAW) has been an essential process in various assembly systems, such as automotive manufacturing. However, its implementations lack adaptivity to compensate for process variations. This paper presents a data-driven process characterization and online adaptive control framework for RAW to automatically and efficiently achieve desired weld pool condition, given any initial conditions. Based on optical imaging, pool width is characterized through a pixel-level image segmentation network and then used for determining the parameter adjustment for robotic execution through a gradient-based controller. Experiments demonstrate quick process convergence within 7 adjustment periods and an error band within 10.9%.     

华恒机器人焊接系统应用

昆山华恒焊接股份有限公司是国内领先的自动化焊接/切割系统供应商,作为国家级高新技术企业和江苏省焊接装备工程技术中心,华恒一直保持行业内的市场和技术领先地位,并以自身的技术实力和完善的服务保障体系服务于工程机械、机车车辆、煤矿机械、航空航天、军工、锅炉、石化、食品医药、管道建设、电力建设等行业。华恒和世界著名的机器人厂商KUKA和FANUC强强合作,致力于中厚板结构件制造领域的机器人系统的应用和工艺推广,针对用户的具体情况量身定制,提供给用户性价比最高的焊接/切割机器人系统。     

华恒机器人焊接系统应用（二）

昆山华恒焊接股份有限公司是国内领先的自动化焊接/切割系统供应商,作为国家级高新技术企业和江苏省焊接装备工程技术中心,华恒一直保持行业内的市场和技术领先地位,并以自身的技术实力和完善的服务保障体系服务于工程机械、机车车辆、煤矿机械、航空航天、军工、锅炉、石化、食品医药、管道建设、电力建设等行业。华恒和世界著名的机器人厂商KUKA和FANUC强强合作,致力于中厚板结构件制造领域的机器人系统的应用和工艺推广,针对用户的具体情况量身定制,提供给用户性价比最高的焊接/切割机器人系统。     

自适应控制技术先进自动化焊接

目前,手工焊仍然在焊接场合中扮演着重要角色,因为人更能适应焊接工艺过程中的各种变化。熟练焊工能够知道调节哪些参数和调节多少参数来保证焊接工艺良好运行。经验丰富的熟练焊工能通过检查待焊工件发觉工件的变动并即时采取相应的调整方案,确保焊缝质量。     

人机交互式机器人弧焊再制造系统设计

在分析失效零件再制造的特点的基础上,提出了基于人机交互技术的机器人熔化极气体保护焊(gas metal arc welding,GMAW)再制造思想.将操作者作为系统的一个因素,构成人机交互式的机器人GMAW再制造系统,人机协作共同完成失效零件的再制造任务.其中操作者主要负责解决再制造过程中的非线性、难建模的复杂问题;机器人主要负责数据计算和运动控制等线性问题.根据上述思想,文中建立了人机交互式机器人GMAW再制造试验系统平台,研究了基于开放式图形库(open graphics library,OpenGL)的再制造系统软件结构和人机交互实现方式,采用模块化方法设计实现了可视化的人机交互界面.