基于模型的共轨柴油机主喷油量控制算法研究

针对目前高压共轨柴油机电控系统开发周期较长以及开发成本较高的问题,通过研究基于模型的软件开发流程,在Matlab/Simulink环境下建立了高压共轨柴油机主喷油量控制算法模型,其中包括烟度限值控制模型、启动油量控制模型、怠速油量控制模型、怠速PID控制模型以及油量脉宽转换模型;对控制算法模型的关键MAP图进行了标定以验证该控制算法模型的有效性,并在使用INCA标定软件建立监控和标定的发动机试验台架上进行了一系列试验。试验结果表明,发动机启动过程迅速,且正常工况下转速稳定,并能根据环境情况和发动机的当前需求自动调节目标油量;该控制算法能够较好地满足发动机起动、怠速以及正常工况的控制需求。     

Correction strategy of fuel injection quantity during pilot-main injection for common rail system

Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - Common rail system is a key technology of energy saving and emission reduction for modern diesel engines. Multiple injection, as one of the most...     

Correlation analysis of factors influencing the electronic unit pump cycle fuel injection quantity under overall operating conditions for diesel engines

Electronic unit pump (EUP) can satisfy both diesel engine emission legislation and fuel economy by improving injection pressure and numerical control. Fluctuations in cycle fuel injection quantity (CFIQ) of EUP determine the coherence and stability of the EUP fuel injection system. The EUP simulation model is developed in the AMESim environment. The method for the simulation experiment is designed in the MODDE environment using the design of experiments method. The results of the simulation reveal the variation laws of correlation between parameters with interaction or no interaction under overall operating conditions of diesel engines. In addition, the results also show the EUP system is a complex nonlinear system. Under overall operating conditions, all the characteristic parameters, such as fuel supply pressure, cam profile velocity, control valve lift, injector opening pressure, injector needle lift, and injector flow coefficient, have significant correlation with CFIQ. The interacting first-order factors exhibit the most significant correlation with CFIQ. The self-interacting second-order factors have significant secondary correlation with CFIQ.     

Regulation of the crankshaft speed of a diesel engine with a common rail fuel system

A mathematical model is proposed for the regulation of the crankshaft speed of a diesel engine with a Common Rail fuel system by control of the injection time and the load.     

柴油机高压共轨系统ECU的设计

本文首先介绍了最具代表性的Bosch公司的高压共轨系统,据此进行了电控系统的软硬件设计和控制策略设计,通过试验,达到了预期的设计效果。     

Research on effects of key influencing factors upon fuel injection characteristics of the combination electronic unit pump for diesel engines

A numerical model of the combination electronic unit pump (CEUP) fuel injection system was developed in AMESim environment. The effects of five key influencing factors, including cam profile velocity, plunger diameter, length of high pressure fuel pipe, inner diameter of high pressure fuel pipe and nozzle flow rate on injection characteristic parameters, were analyzed by using the developed numerical model. On the basis, a correlation analysis between the influencing factors and injection characteristics was performed by using the design of experiments (DoE) method, and the influences of these factors were quantized accordingly. Relevant results show that both the single influencing factor and the interaction among these factors correlates with the injection characteristics, and the correlation represents a complex law with the cam rotational speed. The effect of plunger diameter on the injection pressure, cycle fuel injection quantity and injection duration is the most obvious, especially at a cam rotational speed of 500 r/min and the correlation coefficient is up to 0.82. The length of high-pressure pipe (HP pipe) has the most obvious influence on the coefficient of fuel feeding at cam rotational speed of 500 r/min and 800 r/min, and the correlation coefficient is negative. Overall, the independent influence of the factors is more significant than the combined influence of various factors. The CEUP fuel injection system is a complicated multi-input multi-output (MIMO) nonlinear system in fact.     

An investigation on the spray characteristics of DME with variation of ambient pressure using the common rail fuel injection system

We investigated the DME spray characteristics about varied ambient pressure and fuel injection pressure using the common rail fuel injection system when the nozzle holes diameter is varied. The common rail fuel injection system and fuel cooling system were used since DME has compressibility and vaporization at atmospheric temperature. The fuel injection quantity and spray characteristics were measured. The spray was analyzed for spray shape, penetration length, and spray angle at the six nozzle holes. There are two types of injectors: 0.166 mm diameter and 0.250 mm diameter. The ambient pressure, which was based on gage pressure, was 0, 2.5, and 5 MPa. The fuel injection pressure was varied by 5 MPa from 35 to 70 MPa. By comparing with the common injector, using the converted injector it was shown that the DME injection quantity was increased 127% but it didn??t have the same low heating value. Both the common and converted injectors had symmetric spray shapes. In case of converted injector, there were asymmetrical spray shapes until 1.2 ms, but after 1.2 ms the spray shapes were symmetric. Also, the converted injector had shorter penetration length and wider spray angle than the common injector.     

基于电喷发动机的挖掘机控制系统设计

现有的机械式发动机排放差、能耗高,采用电喷发动机作为挖掘机的动力源将提高燃油效率,开发电喷发动机的控制系统具有重要意义．在现有挖掘机控制系统的功能分析基础上,确定了基于电喷发动机的控制系统的功能原理图,分析了J1939的协议,确定了电喷发动机的主要参数的解析和控制方法,通过CoDeSys（Controlled Development System）平台设计了电喷发动机的控制系统,并进行了控制试验．试验结果表明：设计的控制系统能正确控制发动机转速和实现相关参数的测量,对挖掘机的电控节能研究具有一定的参考价值．     

柴油机喷油阀碰撞分析

喷油器是柴油机燃油供给系统中实现燃油喷射的重要部件,然而在其工作中,针阀常与针阀体产发生碰撞,产生很大应力,针阀体工作寿命相当有限。以某款柴油机的喷油器为例,在CATIA中建立喷油器的三维模型,导入Hypermesh中进行模型的简化和网格的划分,利用Hypermesh和ABAQUS的接口,在ABAQUS的显式动力学有限元模块进行瞬态力学分析,模拟出喷油器中针阀与针阀体的碰撞过程,发现与应力波理论推导出的经验公式计算出的应力值基本接近。采用有限元方法对喷油器进行力学分析,有利于喷油器的改进设计。     

基于PWM的柴油机共轨式电控系统

采用脉宽调制信号对二位三通高速电磁开关阀进行驱动控制,能够灵活地对喷油量、喷油正时进行控制,采用PWM控制方式对柴油机共轨式电控系统进行控制。主要分析了柴油机共轨式电控燃烧油喷射系统关键部件——高速开关电磁阀的结构、PWM控制原理,以及由电控单元所产生的脉宽调制信号控制下的高速开关电磁阀动态响应特性。     

High pressure common rail injection system modeling and control

In this paper modeling and common-rail pressure control of high pressure common rail injection system (HPCRIS) is presented. The proposed mathematical model of high pressure common rail injection system which contains three sub-systems: high pressure pump sub-model, common rail sub-model and injector sub-model is a relative complicated nonlinear system. The mathematical model is validated by the software Matlab and a virtual detailed simulation environment. For the considered HPCRIS, an effective model free controller which is called Extended State Observer – based intelligent Proportional Integral (ESO-based iPI) controller is designed. And this proposed method is composed mainly of the referred ESO observer, and a time delay estimation based iPI controller. Finally, to demonstrate the performances of the proposed controller, the proposed ESO-based iPI controller is compared with a conventional PID controller and ADRC.     

单缸柴油机喷油系统的模拟计算与试验研究

利用AVL-HYDISM模拟软件建立了1105柴油机喷油系统的仿真模型,模拟了此柴油机标定工况下的喷油性能,从高压油管泵端压力以及嘴端压力两方面与试验值进行了比较,同时计算得出了样机燃油喷射规律以及压力室油压.分析了样机不足,通过改进供油凸轮使得燃油喷射压力得到提高.     

A study on the behavior characteristics of diesel spray by using a high pressure injection system with common rail apparatus

The effects of change in injection pressure on spray structure in high temperature and pressure field have been investigated. The analysis of liquid and vapor phases of injected fuel is important for emissions control of diesel engines. Therefore, this work examines the evaporating spray structure using a constant volume vessel. The injection pressure is selected as the experimental parameter, is changed from 22 MPa to 112 MPa using a high pressure injection system (ECD-U2). Also, we conducted simulation study by modified KIVA-II code. The results of simulation study are compared with experimental results. The images of liquid and vapor phase for free spray were simultaneously taken by exciplex fluorescence method. As experimental results, the vapor concentration of injected fuel is leaner due to the increase of atomization in the case of the high injection pressure than in that of the low injection pressure. The calculated results obtained by modified KIVA-II code show good agreements with experimental results.     

高压共轨式喷油系统对柴油机排放的影响

本文在介绍共轨式喷油系统的特点后,从放热率,燃烧噪场、喷油压力等方面来着重阐述高压共轨式喷没系统改善柴油机性能各个机理和措施。     

An uncertainty analysis of the time-resolved fuel injection pressure wave based on BOSCH method for a common rail diesel injector with a varying current wave pattern

Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - A system capable of measuring the time-resolved fuel injection rate of an injector with a varying current pattern supplied to the injector was...     

高压共轨系统在135Ti柴油机上的配套设计及应用

柴油机上应用高压共轨电控供油系统在发达国家已经普及,而我国自主研发的共轨系统仍未达到规模化生产阶段.文中主要针对在国产135Ti柴油机安装高压共轨供油系统中的电控高压泵、共轨管、电控喷油器在设计、加工制造及试验中出现的问题如何解决,以及高压共轨系统的压力波动仿真模型和实验对比进行探讨.     

Fast Coriolis mass flow metering for monitoring diesel fuel injection

Prism signal processing is a new recursive FIR technique that facilitates the rapid tracking of sinusoidal signals, such as those used in a Coriolis Mass Flow Meter (CMFM). A Prism-based CMFM prototype has been developed using a commercial flowtube and a dual ARM processor-based transmitter, which is capable of generating flow measurement updates at 48 kHz. This has been applied in a feasibility study to the tracking of fast (e.g. 1.5 ms) injections of diesel fuel on a laboratory rig at engine speeds of up to 4000 rpm equivalent and at fuel pressures of up to 100 MPa. Due to the high level of vibration in the system, Prism-based notch filtering is used to suppress undesired modes of flowtube vibration in the sensor signal. Individual flow pulses can be detected by the system, but the relatively long period of oscillation of the flowtube compared to the fuel injection duration results in a spreading out over time of each flow pulse measurement. More precise measurement results may be obtained using a higher frequency resonant flowtube.     

直喷式柴油机排放颗粒的控制措施

讨论了柴油机排放颗粒的形成机理。在此基础上 ,重点论述了直喷柴油机排放颗粒控制所取得的一系列重大成果 ,以及目前正在研究探索中的电控共轨系统和替代燃料二甲醚 DME在柴油机上的应用。     

Exploiting Bayesian networks for fault isolation: A diagnostic case study of diesel fuel injection system

Fault isolation is known to be a challenging problem in machinery troubleshooting. It is not only because the isolation of multiple faults contains considerable number of uncertainties due to the strong correlation and coupling between different faults, but often massive prior knowledge is needed as well. This paper presents a Bayesian network-based approach for fault isolation in the presence of the uncertainties. Various faults and symptoms are parameterized using state variables, or the so-called nodes in Bayesian networks (BNs). Probabilistically causality between a fault and a symptom and its quantization are described respectively by a directed edge and conditional probability. To reduce the qualitative and quantitative knowledge needed, particular considerations are given to the simplification of Bayesian networks structures and conditional probability expressions using rough sets and noisy-OR/MAX model, respectively. By adopting the simplified approach, symptoms under multiple-fault are decoupled into the ones under every single fault, while the quantity of the conditional probabilities is simplified into the linear form of the faults quantity. Prior knowledge needed in Bayesian network-based diagnostic model is reduced significantly, which decreases the complexity in establishing and applying this diagnosis model. The computational efficiency is improved accordingly in the simplified BN model, after eliminating the redundant symptoms. The fault isolation methodology is illustrated through an example of diesel engine fuel injection system to verify the developed model.     

柴油发动机寿命实时预测系统的设计与实现

通过三通道传感器设计实现柴油发动机缸压力、机油压力和喷油压力数据的在线同步采集,并导入柴油发动机寿命预测数学模型,实现不解体的情况下动态测算柴油发动机的剩余寿命,判断发动机工作状态及何时需要进行发动机检修.实验表明在同一地区车辆行驶里程越大,预测提前量也越大;西藏地区的总体预测提前量大于广西地区的预测提前量.