双微型骨锚重建伸指肌腱终腱止点的临床应用

锤状指是由于末节指骨基底背侧至中央腱束止点间伸肌健断裂或撕脱部分指骨所致。若处理不当锤状指畸形长期存在,影响手部功能及外观。针对当前骨锚在手部肌腱损伤重建的应用逐渐广泛的现状,及我科在临床应用中的经验,分别采用单、双骨锚进行止点重建。2007年7月-2009年1月随访患者8例,笔者发现采用双微型骨锚重建修复指伸肌腱终腱止点撕脱伤者疗效优于采用单微型骨锚重建修复指伸肌腱终腱止点撕脱伤者。     

微型骨锚重建指伸肌腱终腱止点的临床应用

2007年7月~2010月12月,我科应用微型骨锚重建修复指伸肌腱终腱止点撕脱伤患者16例,重建伸肌腱止点,取得满意疗效。     

改良切口的微型骨锚植入术修复伸指肌腱止点损伤

目的 评价并探讨采用改良的弧形切口微型骨锚植入术重建伸指肌腱止点的临床疗效.方法 对手指伸肌腱止点损伤的9例,采用远位指间关节背侧弧形切口,应用微型Quick anchor锚钉植入重建伸肌腱止点,修复撕脱的指伸肌腱.全部病例均进行门诊随访,对比术后骨锚在X线片的位置,采用TAM系统评定法评定远位指间关节活动,并记录手术切口瘢痕的情况.结果 9例全部获得随访,术后随访4～6个月,平均4.8个月.术后X线片未见骨锚松动、脱落.按TAM系统评定法评定:优6例,良2例,差1例.术后切口皮肤均未出现血运障碍,随访未出现明显的瘢痕及粘连.结论 微型骨锚用于修复手部伸肌腱止点损伤,操作简便,易于掌握,疗效可靠.采用远位指间关节背侧弧形切口具有一定的优势.     

应用微型可吸收骨锚治疗锤状指

目的介绍应用微型可吸收骨锚治疗锤状指的临床疗效。方法对19例指伸肌腱终腱开放伤患指一期应用微型可吸收骨锚修复重建15例，二期修复4例；7例闭合性损伤，2周内修复6例，4周内修复1例。根据终腱止点远端残留的长度及伴肌腱缺损的情况采用4种缝合方式，术后外固定3—6周。结果术后26例获得3—11个月的时间随访，平均6．4个月。参照TAN系统评定法评定：优14例，良8例，可3例，差1例。3例于术后6—8周，1例于术后10个月出现远侧指间关节背侧皮肤红肿、疼痛等并发症。结论采用微型可吸收骨锚治疗锤状指疗效确切，操作简单，可以推广应用。     

应用微型骨锚重建指伸肌腱止点的临床研究

目的评估应用微型骨锚重建指伸肌腱止点的疗效。方法2004年3月～2005年12月对21例（21指）指伸肌腱止点撕脱伤所致锤状指畸形患者进行治疗，用克氏针将远侧指间关节固定于过伸位，然后将Mitekmicro微型骨锚置入远节指骨基底背侧指伸肌腱附着处，再用锚尾部的4-0 Ethibond缝合线与撕脱的指伸肌腱缝合，重建止点。术后6周拔除克氏针开始功能锻炼。结果全部患者获得18～30个月（平均20．2个月）随访。21例患者伤口均一期愈合，无感染和皮肤坏死等。患指各关节被动活动正常。术后末节主动伸直功能（欠伸度为3．5°±1．3°）较术前（欠伸度为45．6°±5．8°）明显改善，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），达到或接近正常。依据Patel等锤状指疗效评价体系评估：优15例，良5例，中1例，优良率为95．2％。随访期间未发现锚钉脱出、松动、断裂等并发症。结论微型骨锚用于修复与重建指伸肌腱止点，操作简便，疗效可靠。     

手指末节锤状指的治疗

目的 探讨手指末节伸肌腱止点即Ⅰ区撕脱、断裂的治疗方法及疗效.方法 对2015-2020年收治的30例伸肌腱止点撕脱患者根据伸肌腱止点的位置采用三种治疗方式:指骨钻孔肌腱线修复10例,纽扣钢丝法及微型骨锚修复各5例,闭合性损伤单纯夹板外固定治疗10例.结果 术后采用Dargan功能评定法评定患指功能,指骨钻孔肌腱线修复...     

微型骨锚联合掌长肌腱腱片移植治疗陈旧性锤状指畸形

目的探讨微型骨锚联合掌长肌腱腱片移植治疗陈旧性锤状指畸形的疗效。方法本组共16例陈旧性锤状指畸形患者,均采用微型锚钉联合掌长肌腱腱片重建伸肌腱止点的方法进行治疗,术后6周开始功能锻炼。定期随访,并进行功能评定。结果随访时间为4～10个月。本组患者术后未出现伤口感染或骨锚植入后异物反应,X线检查未见骨锚松动及脱落。术后远侧指间关节稳定性良好。按Dargan方法评定主动活动范围,优12例,良2例,可l例,差l例。结论微型骨锚联合掌长肌腱腱片移植治疗陈旧性锤状指畸形,手术简便,可明显纠正畸形,效果肯定,值得推广应用。     

应用微型骨锚重建手指侧副韧带-附7例报告

目的探讨微型骨锚在修复手指侧副韧带撕脱伤中的临床疗效。方法2004年3月-2006年1月，对7例手指侧副韧带损伤的患者，先用一枚直径为0．8mm克氏针斜行将患指近侧指间关节固定于平伸位，然后采用1．3mm Mitekmero微型带双针40 Ethibond骨锚植入近节指骨头或中节指骨基底侧方侧副韧带的腱附着处，用锚尾部的缝合线缝合撕脱的侧副韧带重建起止点。结果术后7例获得3至11个月随访，平均4．8个月。按TAM功能评定方法评定：优6例，良1例。x线片示骨锚未见松动、脱落。结论微型骨锚用于修复与重建手指侧副韧带．其操作容易掌握，简便、快捷，疗效可靠。     

克氏针固定抽出钢丝法联合微型带线锚钉治疗骨性锤状指

目的探讨克氏针斜穿固定远端指间关节,抽出钢丝法固定撕脱骨折块,微型带线锚钉重建伸肌腱止点联合治疗骨性锤状指的临床应用。方法自2013-09—2014-12对15例骨性锤状指采用克氏针斜穿固定远端指间关节,抽出钢丝法固定撕脱骨折块,微型带线锚钉重建伸肌腱止点。结果 15例术后均获得随访3~12个月,平均5个月。患指远端指间关节屈伸活动度:0°~70°4例,0°~60°8例,0°~55°2例,0°~30°1例。13例骨折骨性愈合,愈合时间平均3个月,其中2例背侧移位畸形愈合。2例术后骨折块移位,骨折不愈合。术后远端指间关节功能按Crawford功能评定方法评定:优8例,良5例,可2例。结论克氏针斜穿固定远端指间关节,抽出钢丝法固定撕脱骨折块,微型带线锚钉重建伸肌腱止点联合治疗骨性锤状指可达到坚强固定,术后远端指间关节功能恢复满意,疗效可靠。     

FASTIN骨锚在肌腱、韧带止点重建中的应用

目的探讨FASTIN骨锚在肌腱、韧带止点重建中的应用。方法选取2006年3月至2010年3月期间46例不同部位肌腱、韧带止点处撕脱性骨折或断裂患者(男性28例,女性18例)。采用合适的FASTIN骨锚,包括微型骨锚和螺纹骨锚,对患者予以肌腱、韧带止点重建,术后随访X线和关节功能。结果 46例患者中,根据不同部位肌腱、韧带止点撕脱性骨折或断裂的特点,16例采用微型骨锚,30例采用螺纹骨锚。术后随访6~13个月,平均9个月。采用FASTIN骨锚重建止点,操作简单,平均手术时间1.5 h,明显短于传统固定手术,术后重建区关节功能满意,无压痛,日常生活、工作无影响。X线未见锚钉松动、脱落。结论 FASTIN骨锚在肌腱、韧带止点重建中具有独特的优势,值得进一步推广和应用。     

单枚克氏针固定并切开修复肌腱治疗锤状指畸形

目的 探讨应用单枚克氏针贯穿固定远、近侧指间关节治疗锤状指的临床疗效.方法 2005年2月-2007年8月,对18例锤状指行手术治疗.采用单枚1mm克氏针将远侧指间关节(DIP)固定于过伸位,同时贯穿固定近侧指间关节(PIP)于屈曲45°～60°位;修复伸肌腱,如伸肌腱止点处断裂或伴有撕脱骨折者,用微型骨锚或抽出式钢丝法固定.术后3周解除近侧指间关节固定,6周完全拔除克氏针.结果 术后随访2～6个月,远侧指间关节伸屈活动度为O°～70°11例,0°～600°4例,0.～55°2例,0°～35°1例.将患指与健指远侧指间关节的活动度相比较,参照TAM系统评定方法评定:本组优11例.良6例,差1例;优良率为94.4%.结论 应用单枚克氏针固定并切开修复肌腱.操作简单,固定牢靠,是治疗锤状指的有效方法.     

微型骨锚和抽出钢丝法治疗伸肌腱止点断裂的对比研究

目的研究微型骨锚和抽出钢丝法治疗伸肌腱止点断裂的疗效。方法35例患者被分成两组，一组用传统抽出钢丝法，另一组选用微型骨锚法，并对两者的优缺点及疗效进行对比研究。结果全组随访2～11个月，平均4．2个月，骨锚组在手术时间、住院时间、术后功能恢复、参加工作时间、术后并发症的对比中均较传统抽出钢丝法理想，但住院费用较高。结论微型骨锚是治疗伸肌腱止点的良好材料，技术操作简单，效果肯定，术后护理商单，值得推广使用。     

Central slip tenotomy for the treatment of chronic mallet finger: an anatomic study

PURPOSE: Tenotomy of the central slip, described by Fowler, can clinically improve chronic distal interphalangeal joint (DIP) extensor lag secondary to mallet finger (terminal tendon disruption). The goal of this study is to evaluate the potential of central slip tenotomy to restore DIP joint extension. METHODS: A mallet deformity was reproduced in 15 fresh-frozen cadaver fingers after the extensor tendon insertion was sectioned over the DIP joint. A suture anchor inserted at the terminal insertion was then secured to the extensor tendon over the middle phalanx to reconstruct the extensor mechanism. A 500-g weight attached to the proximal extensor tendon applied extensor tension. Central slip tenotomy was then performed. DIP extensor lags before and after tenotomy were recorded. RESULTS: After sectioning of the terminal tendon over the DIP joint the average amount of extensor tendon lag produced was 45 degrees. After central slip tenotomy was performed the average amount of extensor lag correction was 36 degrees (range, 30 degrees-46 degrees). CONCLUSIONS: Several clinical studies have shown that central slip tenotomy is an effective treatment for chronic mallet finger but may not fully restore DIP joint extension. Our data suggest that patients with a pre-existing extensor lag of greater than 36 degrees may not achieve full extension from central slip tenotomy, although extensor lags of up to 46 degrees may be corrected.     

Repair of the central slip of extensor tendon and the open mallet using Mitek mini bone anchors

There has been a recent upsurge in the use of bone anchors in repairing hand tendon injuries, which substantiates our use of Mitek anchors in the late 1990s with good results. The objective of this study was to describe our technique of using Mitek bone anchors to repair open mallet and open central slip avulsion injuries, hence evaluating their post-operative outcomes. Four patients with open mallet injury and ten patients with open central slip avulsions were treated using the Mitek mini bone anchors. In each case, the extensor tendon was shaved off its point of insertion on the middle or distal phalanx. All patients were operated in within 2 days of the open injury without any conservative measures pre-operatively. Post-operatively, the joint was maintained in an extension with a single trans-articular Kirschner wire or splint for 2 weeks, followed by gradual mobilization and active and passive exercises. Each patient underwent an objective evaluation to assess joint stability, the joint’s range of motion and grip strength compared to the uninjured side. Patients also underwent a subjective evaluation at the end of the follow-up period. The operative procedure was successful in all but one patient. One patient needed a relook procedure. Two patients were lost to follow-up, while the rest were followed up for a mean duration of 11 months (range = 5–24 months). Subjectively, two patients had excellent results, seven had good results, two had fair, and one achieved poor results. The Mitek bone anchor is a useful tool to treat open extensor tendon injuries, especially ones where the tendon has been shaved off at its insertion on the bone.     

Correction of bilateral congenital swan-neck deformity by use of Mitek mini anchor: a new technique.

Congenital swan neck deformity is a rare condition, secondary to congenital laxity of the palmar plate of the proximal interphalangeal joint. Here, we describe a new surgical method which is based on the palmar plate reinforcement using the Mitek mini anchor system (Mitek Surgical Products Inc., Norwood, MA, USA). Four fingers of a patient with congenital swan neck deformities were corrected with this technique at two stages. First, the anchor was inserted into the volar surface of the proximal phalanx. The two sutures of the anchor system were then crossed the PIP joint in a V fashion. Two holes, 5mm apart from each other, were created through the middle phalanx distal to both insertion points of superficial flexor tendon. The suture ends of the anchor were passed through these holes from the volar to the dorsal side of the middle phalanx and then turned around the edges of the bone to the volar surface. They were tied to each other as the PIP joint was stabilised at 20 degrees flexion by use of a K-wire. The K-wire was removed 21 days later and a rehabilitation program was then initiated. A second operation for the two fingers of the opposite hand was performed 2 months after the first operation. No postoperative complications were encountered. At 2 years follow-up, the active range of motion was within normal limits at PIP and DIP joints of all four fingers without any recurrence of hyperextension or hyperflexion. The final result was satisfactory regarding both the functional and cosmetic aspects. The Mitek mini anchor offers a practical, reliable and functional reconstruction of the volar plate in the management of congenital swan neck deformities. We believe that it may also be used for the acquired deformities.     

双套圈经隧道交叉加压缝合法用于指伸肌腱止点重建

目的 介绍一种末节指伸肌腱止点重建的方法.方法 克氏针固定远侧指间关节,肌腱两侧套圈缝合,经末节指骨基底的横行隧道交叉至对侧.两侧套线各分出1股向近侧返折后会合,于肌腱背侧中线做套圈缝合.两侧剩余的套线于肌腱背侧直接打结.结果 术后随访时间为5个月至2年,无一例发生肌腱断裂和肌腱粘连.远侧指间关节活动度:0°～70°18例,0°～60°17例,0°～50°4例.按TAM系统评定方法评定:优25例,良14例;优良率为100%结论采用双套圈经隧道交叉加压缝合法重建指伸肌腱止点,操作简单,疗效可靠.     

微型骨锚钉与钢丝抽出止点法治疗指伸肌腱止点损伤的疗效比较

目的 探究微型骨锚钉与钢丝抽出止点法治疗指伸肌腱止点损伤的疗效比较.方法 选取2019年1月-2020年6月收治的47例指伸肌腱止点损伤患者为研究对象,依据随机数字表法将其分为对照组23例和观察组24例.对照组采用钢丝抽出止点法,观察组采用微型骨锚钉重建法,比较两组的治疗效果.结果 治疗后,观察组的功能恢复优良率为79...     

Early controlled passive motion regime for zone II extensor tendon injury--a case report

Zone II extensor tendon injuries are often associated with sharp laceration and saw injuries. These injuries are usually been immobilized for 4 to 6 weeks with static splint followed with gradual increment in ROM at distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint. Zone II injuries are usually associated with stiff DIP joint. Any effects taken to improve the DIP joint flexion aggravates the extensor lag at DIP joint. We report a dynamic passive mobilization regime for treating zone II extensor tendon injuries. We found dynamic passive mobilization program was effective in managing these injuries in preventing the DIP joint stiffness.     

微型骨锚联合掌长肌腱片移植治疗陈旧性锤状指畸形

目的:探讨采用微型骨锚和掌长肌腱片移植治疗陈旧性锤状指的临床疗效。方法:自2008年1月至2013年6月,采用微型骨锚和掌长肌腱片移植治疗26例陈旧性锤状指患者,其中男18例,女8例;年龄18～52岁,平均(32.0±1.3)岁;机器绞伤8例,摔伤6例,打架扭伤6例,自发性断裂4例,刀伤2例。16例患者伸肌腱止点无肌腱附丽,10例有0.3～0.5 cm残留肌腱附丽。患者均有手指末节屈曲畸形,背伸活动障碍。术中将远侧指间关节予以克氏针固定于伸直10°～20°位,运用微型骨锚重建伸肌腱止点,取掌长肌腱片移植伸肌腱止点缺损区,4周后拆除克氏针,辅以石膏外固定下行功能锻炼。观察术后并发症情况,并采用Dargan功能评定标准对手指功能进行评价。结果:术后所有患者获随访,时间6～14个月,平均(5.0±0.3)个月。术后发生创口浅表感染2例,皮肤压迫性溃疡2例,关节活动障碍1例,均予以对症治疗后好转;发生创伤性关节炎2例,1例治疗后好转,另1例存在长期慢性疼痛;无内固定松动、断裂和肌腱断裂发生。按照Dargan功能评定标准评价手指功能,优17例,良8例,差1例。结论:采用微型骨锚结合掌长肌腱片治疗陈旧性锤状指畸形,具有手术操作简单,固定牢靠,并发症少,临床疗效肯定等优点,值得临床推广。