基于无源RFID的集成加速度传感器设计

针对射频识别技术(RFID)迅猛发展的需求,采用0.35μm CMOS工艺设计并制造了一种集成加速度传感器。加速度传感器单元利用基于深反应离子干法刻蚀的体硅正面加工工艺,在经过标准IC工艺之后进行两步干法刻蚀,工艺简单。集成接口电路采用了一种内部限幅的环形振荡器电路,将加速度传感器电容值转换为频率信号,并由计数器完成数字信号输出转换。后期测试结果显示,所设计的集成加速度传感器获得了良好的线性度和稳定性能,仅占用0.23mm2芯片面积,1.2V电源电压下消耗了1.4μW功率,尤其适合于无源RFID传感器标签设计中。     

应用于无源UHF RFID传感器接口的低功耗低压转换器设计

为了增加射频识别（RFID）传感器的识读范围,针对无源超高频（ultra high frequency,UHF）RFID标签的传感器接口,提出了一种新的低功耗低压时间数字转换器设计。该传感器接口采用基于游标原理的高效时数转换器,在保证分辨率和转换效率的同时,能够实现较低的功耗和较大的动态范围。采用TSMC 90nm标准CMOS技术设计并制造。测量结果显示相比其他类似结构,提出接口在输入时间范围28.18-42.94 时有效分辨率为10.48bits。采样率为20 KS/s时,转换器转化效率为0.396 pJ/bit,且功耗和电压供应分别仅为3.84 和0.6V,能够有效增强无源UHF RFID压力传感器标签的识读范围。     

无源高频RFID标签芯片电源产生电路

无源RFID标签芯片的能量来自读写器发射的射频能量.针对符合ISO/IEC15693标准的无源高频(13.56 MHz)RFID标签芯片,对NMOS栅交叉连接整流电路结构进行了研究与设计,实现的NMOS栅交叉连接整流电路的能量转换效率为34.46 9,6,并设计一种低成本、低功耗的芯片工作电源产生电路,设计工艺采用SMIC 0.35 pm 2P3M CMOS EEPROM工艺.最后,给出了芯片的测试结果.测试结果显示:所设计的电源产生电路能够很好地工作在IS015693标准定义的最小磁场Hmin(150 mA/m)和最大磁场Hmax(5 A/m)之间.     

无源超高频RFID传感器的低功耗基带电路设计

给出了一个集成温度传感器的无源超高频RFID标签的数字基带电路设计.该标签是基于MIT AUTO-ID中心的Class 0协议设计的.首先从理论上进行分析,然后采用了多种低功耗技术来降低芯片的总功耗.给出了设计、实现、验证的完整流程,用了FPGA开发板验证了设计原型,并且用Chartered半导体公司的1P4M0.35μm工艺流片成功.在2V的电源电压下,除去存储器的逻辑部分电路的功耗为8.9 μW.     

超低功耗RFID标签基带处理器

针对集成片上天线(OCA)的超高频射频识别(RFID)标签设计了一款RFID专用协议的基带处理器,以满足RFID标签嵌入纸张及微小物体的防伪功能.由于OCA与读写器天线近场耦合获取能量有限,集成OCA的无源标签对功耗要求更加苛刻.针对微小OCA标签的应用需求,采用异步电路、门控时钟、低压库、多时钟域等低功耗设计方法,设计了专用协议标签基带处理器,其CMOS低压库的设计可以使基带处理器在0.5V的电源电压下工作,综合布局布线后,其电路仿真结果表明,峰值功耗仅为0.32 μW.标签芯片在UMC 0.18 μm标准工艺下流片,测试结果显示,在读写器输出20 dBm能量的情况下,带OCA标签的读距离可达2 mm.     

低压低功耗无源UHF RFID标签芯片模拟前端电路的设计

本文从设计符合EPCTM C1G2协议的超高频无源射频识别标签芯片的角度出发,对RFID标签芯片模拟前端电路进行设计.通过对各个关键电路的功耗与电源进行优化,实现了一个符合协议要求的低电压、低功耗的超高频无源RFID标签芯片的模拟前端.该UHF RFID标签模拟前端设计采用SMIC 0.18 μm EEPROM CMOS工艺库.仿真结果表明,标签芯片模拟前端的整体功耗控制在2.5 μW以下,工作电源可低至1 V,更好地满足了超高频无源射频识别标签芯片应用需求.     

RFID标签中有机补偿电路的设计

当前RFID标签技术有着极为广泛的应用,为了减少RFID标签的制造成本和提高工作的可靠性,提出了一种有机补偿电路。该电路集成了8个阶段的有机整流器,其最高工作频率可以达到14 MHz,以及一个集成的PUF结构,它产生一个不可克隆的随机码,每一个独立的结构生成自己的代码,并可以准确地从其他电路中识别出来,耦合这两个电路以及天线将可以建立一个RFID无源标签。该方案可以应用于塑料薄膜中逐片有机处理的RFID标签中,方便设计和制造出复杂的全有机电路。     

一种无源UHF RFID电子标签验证开发平台

提出了一种符合ISO/IEC 18000-6B标准的无源UHF RFID电子标签验证开发平台,其工作在915MHz ISM频带下.该平台有效减少了设计开发时间及成本,并实现了电子标签的快速原型设计.该平台包括RFID模拟前端以及采用Altera ACEX FPGA实现的标签控制逻辑.RFID模拟前端采用Chartered 0.35μm 2P4M CMOS工艺进行流片,包括本地振荡器、时钟产生电路、复位电路、匹配网络和反向散射电路、整流器、稳压器以及AM解调器等,通过调整FPGA中的标签控制逻辑,该平台实现了快速、灵活而高效的RFID验证开发.     

适用于RFID标签及无线传感器的射频唤醒电路

有效的功耗管理是提升有源RFID标签以及无线传感器节点电池使用寿命的重要方法,一种无源射频唤醒电路可以用来控制标签以及传感器节点的工作状态,使之在外界无线电波控制下进行唤醒状态与休眠状态的切换,与传统周期性唤醒方法相比,该方法减少了大量能量损耗.围绕着提高射频唤醒电路灵敏度的指标,对阻抗匹配网络以及整流电路进行了优化.仿真和测试结果表明该电路在-27.7dBm输入功率下可以产生220mV直流输出.该唤醒电路本身无需耗电,实践表明将其应用在RFID标签及无线传感器节点设计中可显著提升电池使用寿命.     

一种无源UHF RFID电子标签验证开发平台

提出了一种符合ISO/IEC 18000-6B标准的无源UHF RFID电子标签验证开发平台,其工作在915MHz ISM频带下.该平台有效减少了设计开发时间及成本,并实现了电子标签的快速原型设计.该平台包括RFID模拟前端以及采用Altera ACEX FPGA实现的标签控制逻辑.RFID模拟前端采用Chartered 0.35μm 2P4M CMOS工艺进行流片,包括本地振荡器、时钟产生电路、复位电路、匹配网络和反向散射电路、整流器、稳压器以及AM解调器等,通过调整FPGA中的标签控制逻辑,该平台实现了快速、灵活而高效的RFID验证开发.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first     

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS(CHINA)

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NEXT GENERATION WIRELESS NETWORKS–ESPECIALLY THE USE OF MILLI-MICROWAVE BANDS

The global bandwidth shortage of wireless communications has motivated the exploration of the naillimeter wave （ram-wave） frequency spectrum for the next generation wireless communications. Recent advances in RF CMOS technology and high speed baseband signal processing technologies have enabled tile extensive research and development of turn-wave wireless communications. The multi gigabit per second data rate of ram-wave system will lead to applications in many important scenarios, such as WPAN, WLAN,back-haul for cellular system. And the frequency bands include 28 GHz, 38 GHz, 45GHz, 60GHz, E-BAND and even beyond 100 GHz. The propagation and the imitation of the RF circuits design in these frequency bands make the directional antennas be inevitable for mm-wave communications.