Burnout and stress among nurses in a university tertiary hospital

This cross-sectional, analytical and correlational study investigated the existence of Burnout based on a sample of 149 nurses of a university tertiary hospital from October to December 2008 and correlate Burnout with stressors in the hospital work environment. The Maslach Burnout Inventory, the Nurses' Stress Inventory and a questionnaire to characterize the subjects were applied. The results indicated the presence of Burnout in 7.3% of nurses (quartile) and 10.22% (tercile), and also a correlation among the inventories' domains. Vulnerability to this type of illness among nurses was increased by stress experienced in the work environment.     

医护人员亚健康状态与职业紧张因素相关分析

目的评价福建省医护人员亚健康状态,探讨影响医生与护士亚健康状态的主要职业紧张因素。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取福建省各级医院925名医生和408名护士,采用健康体检和问卷调查相结合的方式评估其亚健康状态,并进行职业紧张的问卷调查。结果医生亚健康状态发生率(66.9%)高于护士(59.8%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);医生职业任务和个体紧张反应总分分别为(146.77±20.14)和(89.32±19.10)分,均高于护士的(141.03±21.17)和(86.83±20.01)分(P<0.05);而应对资源为(123.39±16.89)分,低于护士的(125.45±17.03)分(P<0.05);医生及护士亚健康状态的共同职业紧张影响因素为躯体紧张反应、心理紧张反应、任务不适和不良工作环境;医生的亚健康状态还与任务冲突和任务过重有关。结论职业紧张是医生及护士亚健康状态的主要影响因素。     

Burnout and occupational stress in nurses

BACKGROUND: In the last few years there has been a growing interest in the psychosocial work environment of health care workers, since they are both at high risk of burnout, role conflict and job dissatifaction. Burnout, as a type of prolonged response to chronic job-related stress, has a special significance in health care settings, where staff experience both psychological--emotional and physical stress. OBJECTIVES: The present study investigated the interrelationship between burnout, occupational stress and personality characteristics in a sample of 120 nurses employed in the Infectious Diseases Department and the Department of Medical Oncology of two major hospitals in Messina, Italy. METHODS: Three questionnaire surveys were administered: The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) to estimate the job stress level, Occupational Stress Inventory to measure occupational stress and the Comrey Personality Scale to identify major personality characteristics. RESULTS: The results showed a significant statistical diference regarding the burnout levels in the two groups under study, with a higher burnout level in the Medical Oncology staff with respect to the Infectious Diseases Staff. The latter group also showed a higher occupational stress compared to the second group, with a significant statistical difference regarding "stress sources", coping strategies" and psychological health". Concerning the CPS results, some personality characteristics, as predictors for burnout syndrome, were found in the Medical Oncology staff. CONCLUSIONS: The study results underline the importance of the role ofpsychosocial work environment and the interrelationships between burnout, occupational stress and psychosomatic health in health care workers. In addition, in order to reduce a burnout risk, the Authors suggest improving the psychosocial work environment as a preventive measure.     

Effects of job rotation and role stress among nurses on job satisfaction and organizational commitment

Background  

The motivation for this study was to investigate how role stress among nurses could affect their job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and whether the job rotation system might encourage nurses to understand, relate to and share the vision of the organization, consequently increasing their job satisfaction and stimulating them to willingly remain in their jobs and commit themselves to the organization. Despite the fact that there have been plenty of studies on job satisfaction, none was specifically addressed to integrate the relational model of job rotation, role stress, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment among nurses.     

护士职业压力、应对方式与职业倦怠的相关性

目的了解重症监护病房（ICU）护士的职业压力、应对方式及职业倦怠现状,明确职业压力、应对方式与职业倦怠的相关性,为减轻ICU护士职业倦怠提供科学依据。方法 2013年10月对唐山市工人医院13个ICU 204名护士,采用护士工作压力源、简易应对方式、职业倦怠量表进行问卷调查。结果护士工作压力总分为（2.36±0.42）分,其中工作量及时间分配是其护士最主要工作压力源（2.95±0.67）分。ICU护士积极应对方式为（1.78±0.46）分,与全国常模无差异;消极应对方式为（1.16±0.54）分,低于全国常模;ICU护士情感枯竭为（26.60±10.23）分,个人成就感为（26.20±9.78）分,去人格化维度为（6.99±5.31）分。相关性分析显示,ICU护士职业压力、消极应对与情感枯竭、去人格化呈正相关,积极应对与个人成就感呈正相关（P〈0.05）。结论 ICU护士职业压力愈大,情感枯竭、去人格化程度愈重,积极应对方式可提高护士的个人成就感,消极应对方式易使情感枯竭、去人格化程度增高。     

The impact of self-perceived job stress on menstrual patterns among Taiwanese nurses

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of self-reported job stress on menstrual patterns among nurses. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of nursing staff from five psychiatric institutions and four general hospitals in Taiwan. A total of 746 participants were eligible for the final analysis, among whom, 72.3% were ascertained as having a self-perceived high level of job stress. Self-perceived high job stress was significantly associated with irregular menstrual cycles [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 4.8, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.3-7.2] and longer menstrual bleeding periods (more than 7 d) [AOR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.7-3.7], but was not significantly related to long or short menstrual cycles. Overall, this study suggests that nurses' self-perceived job stress may be associated with certain aspects of menstrual dysfunction. Further investigations with prospective follow-up studies and urine hormonal measurements are now recommended to provide additional insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms of our findings.     

医护人员工作倦怠与生活质量关系

目的了解医院医护人员工作倦怠与生活质量的关系,为采取干预措施提供参考依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法对在广东省东莞市抽取的4所镇区二级医院的381名医护人员进行问卷调查。结果医护人员马斯勒职业倦怠问卷(MBI-HSS)中情感衰竭、去个性化和成就感维度得分分别为(17.06±10.30)、(4.83±3.18)和(33.6±29.81)分,其中医生的得分分别为(17.10±11.76)、(5.26±4.76)和(32.82±10.96)分,与护士的(17.01±10.90)、(4.44±3.79)和(34.32±10.66)分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);医护人员生活质量综合评定问卷-74(GQOLI-74)中躯体功能、心理功能、社会功能和物质生活维度得分分别为(68.76±12.43)、(64.88±13.35)、(63.97±10.51)和(65.44±11.91)分;医生躯体功能和心理功能维度得分以及经济状况、睡眠与精力、躯体不适感、进食功能、性功能、精神紧张度、负性情感、正性情感、认知功能、自尊因子得分均高于护士(P<0.05);医护人员工作倦怠中情感衰竭得分与生活质量中总体生活质量因子、社会功能维度及其5个因子得分均呈负相关关系(P<0.01);工作倦怠中去人格化维度得分与生活质量中总体生活质量因子、躯体功能维度的运动与感觉功能因子、社会功能维度及其5个因子得分均呈负相关关系(P<0.05);工作倦怠中成就感维度得分与总体生活质量因子、社会功能维度及其5个因子得分均呈正相关关系(P<0.01),与生活质量中物质生活维度及其生活环境因子得分均呈负相关关系(P<0.05)。结论医护人员的工作倦怠主要影响其社会功能的生活质量。     

医生焦虑与职业紧张的关系

目的 探讨医生焦虑与职业紧张的关系,降低医生焦虑程度,提高其生命质量.方法 采用横断面调查方法,于2011年11-12月随机抽取辽宁省某市4所综合医院的540名医生进行问卷调查.应用焦虑自评量表(SAS)测量焦虑,工作内容问卷(JCQ)及付出-回报失衡问卷(ERI)测量职业紧张,多元回归分析,探讨医生焦虑与职业紧张的关系.结果 该市医生焦虑总分为46.35±10.69.按照多元线性回归标准化系数的顺序,调整年龄、性别、婚姻状况、职务及每周工作时间后,回报(β=-0.201)、外在付出(f =0.169)、心理要求(β=0.143)、同事支持(β=0.115)及技术自主(β=-0.098)与医生焦虑密切相关.结论 医生职业紧张对焦虑有预测作用.应降低职业紧张,保护和增进医生的身心健康,提高医疗服务质量.     

Predictors of job satisfaction among doctors, nurses and auxiliaries in Norwegian hospitals: relevance for micro unit culture

Objective  

To explore what domains of work are important for job satisfaction among doctors, nurses and auxiliaries and to discuss differences between professional groups in the perspective of micro team culture.     

Gender differences in job quality and job satisfaction among doctors in rural western China

Background

Few studies about gender differences in job quality and job satisfaction among medical professionals have been carried out in China. So the objectives of this study were to examine whether and to what extent gender differences existed in job quality and job satisfaction of doctors in rural western China.

Methods

From 2009 to 2011, a total of 1472 doctors from 103 selected county-level health care facilities in rural western China were recruited into the study. Information about the doctors’ demographic characteristics, job quality, and job satisfaction was collected through a designed questionnaire. Besides examining gender differences in single dimensions of job quality and job satisfaction, principal component analysis was used to construct a composite job quality index to measure the differences in the comprehensive job quality, and exploratory factor analysis was applied to evaluate the differences in the overall job satisfaction. Chi-square test was used to calculate differences between proportions, and t-test was used to compare differences between means.

Results

Among the doctors, there were 705 males and 767 females (ratio 1:1.09). Male doctors had significantly higher monthly salaries, longer working hours, more times of night shifts per month, longer continuous working hours, and longer years of service at current facilities, and marginally significantly higher hourly wage and longer years of service in current professions. However, female doctors showed greater overall job qualities. Significant and marginally significant gender differences were only found in satisfaction with remuneration compared to workload, the chance of promotion and working environment. But female showed greater satisfaction in the overall job satisfaction and the factor including sub-aspects of working environment, remuneration compared to workload, the chance of promotion, utilization of subjective initiative, and sense of achievement.

Conclusions

Gender differences in job quality and job satisfaction did exist among doctors in rural western China. The participating female doctors were shown to have better job quality and greater job satisfaction.

     

艾滋病医护人员社会支持在工作压力源与工作倦怠关系中的调节作用

目的了解社会支持各维度在工作压力与工作倦怠之间的调节作用。方法采用艾滋病医护人员工作压力源调查问卷、社会支持问卷和中式工作倦怠量表对342名艾滋病医护人员进行测试,运用SPSS 11.5管理并进行分析。结果(1)艾滋病医护人员的工作压力和工作倦怠显著正相关,工作压力越大,工作倦怠程度越深(P﹤0.01)。(2)社会支持的调节作用主要体现在支持利用和主观支持方面。面对职业风险和社会排斥,高支持利用和高主观支持医护人员的情感耗竭低于具有低支持利用和低主观支持的人员。但人际排斥压力增大时,高主观支持个体的情感耗竭水平上升更快。结论社会支持是工作压力和工作倦怠的有效调节变量,其中支持利用和主观支持的调节作用更显著。     

两种洗消液对护理人员手消毒效果观察

目的比较护士洗手使用快速手消毒液和洗手液两种不同手消毒剂的消毒效果。方法选取某医院120例护理人员,随机分为2组,每组各60例,1组使用快速手消毒液,另1组使用洗手液,观察2组洗手前后的细菌总数。结果快速手消毒液组和洗手液组对手带菌量〈50cfu/cm2的洗手后细菌群落数均较洗手前减少,差异有统计学意义（t=23.48,P〈0.01;t=20.37,P〈0.01）;洗手后2组细菌群落数比较,差异无统计学意义（t=0.02,P〉0.05）;2组合格率比较,差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.90,P〉0.05）。快速手消毒液组和洗手液组对手带菌量≥50cfu/cm2的洗手后细菌群落数均较洗手前减少,差异有统计学意义（t=37.10,P〈0.01;t=41.30,P〈0.01）;洗手后2组细菌群落数比较,差异有统计学意义（t=7.90,P〈0.01）;2组合格率比较,差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.62,P〈0.01）。结论两种手消毒剂的消毒效果显著,但手部污染明显（带菌量≥50cfu/cm2）时,应选用洗手液洗手。     

攀枝花市护士职业倦怠现状及其影响因素

目的探究攀枝花市护士职业倦怠状况及其影响因素。方法采用一般情况调查表,职业倦怠量表(MBI-HSS)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对435名护士进行调查与分析。结果攀枝花市护士职业倦怠3个维度得分情况,情感衰竭为(22.29±11.55)分,去人格化为(10.00±6.27)分,个人成就感为(24.92±10.47)分,年龄、工龄、收入、工作时间、睡眠时间对护理人员职业倦怠各维度有影响且在职业倦怠得分方面有差异。主观支持和支持利用度与职业倦怠各维度相关性具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论该市护士职业倦怠受到个体特征因素影响,应该增加社会支持,从而有效缓解护士职业倦怠感。     

医护工作投入和工作特征现况及相关分析

目的:调查、比较医生和护士工作投入与工作特征之间的相关性以及医生和护士工作特征对工作投入的影响作用,为改善医院管理、稳定医护队伍及开发人力资源提供政策依据。方法:采用工作投入量表和工作特征量表,对新疆兵团三甲医院467名医护人员进行问卷调查。结果:医生工作投入得分(3.68±1.055),护士工作投入得分(3.20±1.062),医护两个群体工作投入及工作特征差异有统计学意义,且医生工作投入和工作特征的得分高于护士。结论:医护工作投入处于中等水平,工作特征对其工作投入具有一定影响,医生工作自主性对工作投入影响最大,而护士工作重要性对工作投入的影响最明显。     

Burnout and engagement among resident doctors in the Netherlands: a national study

Medical Education 2010: 44 : 236–247 Objectives This study was performed in order to gather insight into the well‐being of Dutch medical residents. Methods In 2005, all Dutch residents registered through the Medical Registration Committee (n = 5245) were sent a self‐report questionnaire to assess socio‐demographic and work‐related characteristics, burnout and engagement. Results Of the 5140 eligible residents, 2115 completed the questionnaire (41%). Of those, 21% fulfilled the criteria for moderate to severe burnout and 27% were highly engaged with their work. Women reported more emotional exhaustion and less depersonalisation than men; age was weakly but significantly related to depersonalisation, and married residents and parents reported less depersonalisation than their single or childless counterparts. More men than women were found to be highly engaged and men specifically reported more vigour. Number of years in training was weakly but significantly related to absorption. With regard to occupational risk factors, significant between‐group differences were found for the effects of clinical setting on emotional exhaustion, engagement, vigour and absorption. Residents in training in a mental health clinic were most emotionally exhausted and those in a rehabilitation centre were least engaged. General surgery represented the specialty with the lowest number of residents suffering from burnout, followed by obstetrics and gynaecology and any supportive specialty. General surgery residents were also found to be more highly engaged, vigorous, dedicated and absorbed than others. Conclusions As more than a fifth of the medical residents who responded could be diagnosed as suffering from burnout, we conclude that this problem needs addressing in the Dutch health care system, especially given that a relationship was proven between burnout and suboptimal patient care. We must look for solutions and interventions which will improve the work situation of medical residents. Striving for healthy workers in health care has to become daily practice.     

Prioritization attitudes among doctors and nurses examined by a scenario method

OBJECTIVES: To investigate doctors' and nurses' attitudes toward 14 potential prioritization criteria. METHODS: This study was performed by using the random paired scenario method. The respondents received a questionnaire with 12 pairs of scenarios, imaginary patient cases, each of which contained two to three different prioritization criteria (e.g., child, old patient, poor patient). Respondents were asked which one of each scenario pair they would choose if only one patient could be treated. The scenarios were randomly put into 30 different questionnaire sets. There was a random selection of 241 doctors and 151 nurses in Finland, with response rates of 60.3% and 50.3%, respectively. RESULTS: Doctors prioritized young patients, severe disease, expensive treatments and posteriorized (negatively prioritized) demented or institutionalized patients, and patients having a self-caused disease. Children were strongly prioritized, even over serious diseases. Expensive treatments appeared to be favored by doctors, and this result cannot be explained by severity of disease. Nurses' attitudes were similar to those of doctors. CONCLUSIONS: Children were strongly prioritized. Elderly persons were posteriorized if they had dementia or were living in institutions. Patients having a self-caused disease are posteriorized, more often by nurses than by doctors.     

Interprofessional collaboration among junior doctors and nurses in the hospital setting

Medical Education 2011: 45: 478–487 Objectives Evidence suggests that doctors and nurses do not always work collaboratively in health care settings and that this contributes to suboptimal patient care. However, there is little information on interprofessional collaboration (IPC) among new medical and nursing graduates working together for the first time in a multidisciplinary health care team. Our aim was to understand the nature of the interactions, activities and issues affecting these new graduates in order to inform interventions to improve IPC in this context. Methods We interviewed 25 junior doctors and nurses and explored their experiences of working together. Interviews were transcribed, entered into a qualitative analysis software package and data were coded against a theoretical framework for health care team function. Results Although interviewees expressed mutual respect, organisational structures often limited the extent to which they could establish professional relationships. Sharing information and agreeing goals were considered fundamental to good decision making, but the working environment and differing perspectives could make this difficult to achieve. Our data suggest that junior doctors and nurses see themselves as having complementary and non‐competitive roles in patient care. The establishing of an interprofessional team was seen to require leadership, which was not always apparent. Without leadership, new members were not always well oriented to the team. The need to maintain an environment in which open communication could take place was acknowledged as important for patient safety, but there were some barriers to achieving this. Conclusions Our data highlight the professionalism, respect and adaptability of these junior health professionals. We document the types of collaborative activities and tensions relevant in this context and, based on our findings, provide some strategies for improving IPC.