车辆制动衰退性能分析

本文对轻型载货车下长坡制动过程进行研究与分析,通过理论计算和试验数据,得到车辆连接下长坡过程中,随温度升高,制动器制动力矩产生温度衰退,最高可达到15%到20%。同时随着制动次数的增加,真空伺服系统产生真空衰退,引起整车的制动性能衰退达到25%左右。两者相加整车的制动性能达到40%左右。最后提出对于山区轻型载货车加装排气辅助制动系统及提升真空泵的抽真空性能来补偿整车制动性能的衰退。     

制动管路对整车制动系统的影响

针对商用车整车制动系统的管路进行了分析,对不同材料的制动管路进行了试验,在试验的基础上分析了制动管路对整车制动系统的影响因素,通过对整车试验结果的分析研究,找出了因制动管路的原因对整车制动的影响。并采取措施解决了整车制动的某些问题。     

一种用于电动汽车的真空助力制动系统设计

文中给出了某型电动轿车完整的制动系统的计算参数,并对真空助力制动系统的性能进行了分析计算,并根据计算结果,设计了电动真空助力制动系统。通过整车道路试验验证,所设计的电动真空助力制动系统合理。     

基于CarSim制动系统踏板感觉仿真分析

文章针对某车型基于CarSim制动系统踏板感觉分析,并与客观试验进行对比分析,从而验证仿真模型的正确性。制动性能在整车主观评价以及调校过程中占据重要地位。首先整车制动性能大致分为两大模块,第一,整车制动系统匹配计算,并且需要满足法规项要求;第二,基于CarSim制动系统踏板感觉仿真分析。快速直观地在后处理曲线中观察到这一变动对整车制动性能的影响,从而达到降低紧急制动距离的目的,并且在零投入的情况下,进行制动系统参数调整,大大缩短了制动系统匹配的周期。     

某轻型载货汽车制动性能分析与改进设计

将某轻型载货汽车制动系统中前制动器改为盘式制动器,对采用不同配置制动系统的整车进行路试制动性能试验,结果表明制动性能得到很大改善.在该制动系统中加装制动力自动调节装置来调整前、后轮制动器的输入压力,并对改进设计后的整车制动性能进行实车道路试验.结果表明,该轻型货车制动力分配更加合理,制动性能明显提高,制动稳定性和安全性得到改善.     

一种用于电动汽车的真空助力制动系统设计

本文给出了某型电动轿车完整的制动系统的计算参数，并对真空助力制动系统的性能进行了分析计算，并根据计算结果，设计了电动真空助力制动系统。通过整车道路试验验证，所设计的电动真空助力制动系统合理。     

基于Carsim的AMS制动性能分析方法

对欧洲制动AMS试验的仿真实现方法进行了研究。选用特定车型,应用已有的Carsim悬架、轮胎等模型建立整车模型,通过改变制动系统模型进行仿真过程的标定。最后根据欧洲AMS制动试验方法设定了仿真工况,并进行了制动效能和制动热衰退性能的仿真分析。仿真分析结果表明：通过标定Carsim制动系统模型的AMS制动性能仿真结果与试验结果具备较好的一致性。研究表明在车辆设计初期利用Carsim软件可以快速准确地对车辆的制动性能进行仿真,从而对其性能做出预测和评估,并可有效地找到解决方案。     

NJ1020系列小型客货车制动系统分析及设计

汽车整车制动性能取决于制动系统的结构与整车参数的匹配。本文对ＮＪ１０２０系列小型客货车的制动系统进行分析，同时对制动系统的元件进行分析设计。     

纯电动乘用车关键系统设计研究及分析验证

本文主要针对某纯电动乘用车进行关键系统选型及匹配分析,首先基于整车性能目标及整车性能参数,确定其动力驱动方式及制动能量回收策略和方案。其次为了更好提升整车能量管理水平,改善能耗,提升续航里程,本文研究的纯电动汽车制动系统采用电液助力系统(IBS)。IBS系统能够有效进行能量计算,确定液压系统是否介入工作,在满足制动需求的同时,改善整车能耗,提升续航里程。最后,在关键系统选型及设计分析上,利用MATLAB仿真软件进行性能初选及设计,结合AMEsim分析软件对选型结果进行加速性能及中国工况续驶里程数据校核,通过仿真与整车试验验证整车性能满足设计指标。     

多轴轮式工程机械动力学建模及制动性能仿真

为了预先掌握多轴轮式工程机械制动性能,指导制动系统设计,以某四轴轮式工程机械为对象,考虑了地面附着条件、质心位置、制动产生的轴荷转移等因素,进行了制动性能仿真研究。通过车轮坐标系与整车坐标系映射关系,对悬挂和车轮的小变形作线性假设,建立了整机在制动稳定极限状态下的动力学模型,利用MATLAB/Simulink分析附着系数、质心相对位置、制动初速度对制动距离的影响,并将仿真结果与试验结果进行了对比。结果表明：仿真结果与试验结果吻合良好;随地面附着系数和质心距离第Ⅰ轴中心线位置的增加,整车制动距离减小;随制动初速度和质心距离地面高度的提高,整车制动距离增加;相对静止状态,制动过程中第Ⅰ轴和第Ⅳ轴轴荷变化最显著。     

Development of the brake system design program for a vehicle

It is quite challenging to estimate the braking performance of a vehicle because the brake system is comprised of many parts, including a booster, master cylinder, and caliper. Calculation of characteristics such as braking force through vehicle tests requires much time and money. Therefore, the development of a method to estimate the braking performance of a vehicle using qualitative methods is beneficial. In this study, a program that can analyze the braking capabilities of a vehicle such as pressure, efficiency, and pedal travel is presented. The increase in disc temperature during braking as well as the properties of various boosters can be calculated using the proposed program. Dynamic characteristics of a vehicle equipped with a Load Sensing Proportional Valve (LSPV) were computed more precisely by obtaining the change in valve pressure according to the displacement of a suspension system. Since all input and output files are composed in the Microsoft Excel format, both design data management and database construction can easily completed.     

Development of a slip control anti-lock braking system model

This paper describes the initial phase of work carried out as part of an on going study investigating the interaction between the tyre, suspension system and an antilock braking system (ABS). The modelling, analysis simulations and integration of results have been performed using an industry standard Multibody Systems Analysis (MBS) program. A quarter vehicle model has been used together with an individual front suspension system represented by interconnected rigid bodies. The tyre model used can be integrated into vehicle handling simulations but only the theory associated with the generation of longitudinal braking forces is described here. An ABS model based on slip control has been used to formulate the braking forces described in this paper. The simulations, which have been performed braking on wet and dry road surfaces, compare the performance of two different tyres.     

Braking Force Distribution Control for Improved Vehicle Dynamics and Brake Performance

SUMMARY

This paper describes the feasibility of improving the braking performance of a commercial vehicle by using an electronic braking system. An electronic braking system enables the braking force at each wheel to be independently controlled. Braking force distribution control makes the braking force at each wheel proportional to each wheel's load. Results of computer simulation and vehicle test showed that the proposed control laws can eliminate the effects of a laden condition on the braking distance and can increase the degree of deceleration at which wheel lock occurs, resulting in improved vehicle attitude stability during a critical maneuver.     

Development of a semi-empirical program for predicting the braking performance of a passenger vehicle

Since the invention of automobiles, the need to know the braking performance of vehicles has been acknowledged. However, because there are numerous design variables as well as nonlinearities in the braking system, it is difficult to predict the performance accurately. In this paper, a computational program is developed to estimate the braking performance numerically. This synthetic braking performance program accounts for pedal force, pedal travel and deceleration of braking parts, such as master cylinder, booster, valve, brake pad, rotor, and hoses. To improve the accuracy of program, a semi-empirical model of a braking system is introduced by using the empirical test data of pad compression, hose expansion and the friction coefficient between the pad and rotor. The accuracy of the estimation is evaluated by comparing it to the actual vehicle test results. The developed program is easy for the brake system engineers to manipulate and it can be used in the development of new vehicles by incorporating the graphical presentations.     

电传动矿用自卸车轮边电机驱动系统动态特性研究

矿区环境复杂,电传动矿用汽车的轮边电机传动系统对整车动力性、制动性及平顺性有极大影响,为了综合路面激励和电机自身激励综合分析驱动系统动态特性,采用数值仿真软件建立轮边电机传动系统模型,分析其在启动加速、平稳运行及制动时的动态特性,为了验证模型的准确性进行了实车实验。结果表明该轮边电机传动系统的输出转矩发生考虑波动转矩后会较大影响整车加速和制动性能,常见车速的加速和减速性能会减弱5%,稳定行驶阶段差别不大。刚柔耦合模型能更准确地描述驱动系统及整车动力特性,对整车的设计有指导意义。     

发动机制动工况下汽车制动器摩擦性能分析

建立了基于恒速制动车辆纵向力平衡方程、制动器耗散功率及其温度变化微分方程、管路压力调节等子模型的恒速长下坡汽车制动器摩擦性能分析系统.以两轴中型汽车为例,对前后制动器在不同挡位发动机制动时的温度、制动副摩擦因数、制动力分配及管路压力变化进行了计算.结果表明,在不影响车速情况下,合理使用各挡发动机制动可改善汽车前、后制动器热负荷,减小或避免制动摩擦力矩热衰退,保证汽车下长坡安全行驶.     

Combined emergency braking and turning of articulated heavy vehicles

‘Slip control’ braking has been shown to reduce the emergency stopping distance of an experimental heavy goods vehicle by up to 19%, compared to conventional electronic/anti-lock braking systems (EBS). However, little regard has been given to the impact of slip control braking on the vehicle’s directional dynamics. This paper uses validated computer models to show that slip control could severely degrade directional performance during emergency braking. A modified slip control strategy, ‘attenuated slip demand’ (ASD) control, is proposed in order to rectify this. Results from simulations of vehicle performance are presented for combined braking and cornering manoeuvres with EBS and slip control braking with and without ASD control. The ASD controller enables slip control braking to provide directional performance comparable with conventional EBS while maintaining a substantial stopping distance advantage. The controller is easily tuned to work across a wide range of different operating conditions.     

智能网联汽车制动系统关键性技术探究

随着汽车保有量的不断增加,环境污染、能源短缺、交通拥堵、事故频发等现象日益突出,成为汽车产业可持续健康发展的限制因素.智能网联汽车被看做是解决这些社会问题的有效方案,因此智能网联汽车受到了更多人的关注.我国智能网联汽车技术正处在不断研究发展的阶段,智能网联汽车的研究逐渐的专业化、产业化.制动系统对于智能网联汽车的发展有...     

基于模糊解耦控制的车辆转向制动系统研究

车辆转向系统和制动系统之间存在着很强的速度耦合关系,造成两个系统之间的性能相互影响,使得车辆在转向制动这一工况成了汽车最危险的工况之一。本文结合实际车辆参数建立转向系统的二自由度模型和制动系统的单车轮模型,针对车辆转向制动工况设计了模糊解耦控制器,实现了车辆的转向与制动同时控制。经验证含有模糊解耦控制的车辆转向制动系统具有很好的动态控制效果,并且有很强的鲁棒性和自适应性。     

Cooperative regenerative braking control for front-wheel-drive hybrid electric vehicle based on adaptive regenerative brake torque optimization using under-steer index

In this study, cooperative regenerative braking control of front-wheel-drive hybrid electric vehicle is proposed to recover optimal braking energy while guaranteeing the vehicle lateral stability. In front-wheel-drive hybrid electric vehicle, excessive regenerative braking for recuperation of the maximum braking energy can cause under-steer problem. This is due to the fact that the resultant lateral force on front tire saturates and starts to decrease. Therefore, cost function with constraints is newly defined to determine optimum distribution of brake torques including the regenerative brake torque for improving the braking energy recovery as well as the vehicle lateral stability. This cost function includes trade-off relation of two objectives. The physical meaning of first objective of cost function is to maximize the regenerative brake torque for improving the fuel economy and that of second objective is to increase the mechanical-friction brake torques at rear wheels rather than regenerative brake torque at front wheels for preventing front tire saturation. And weighting factor in cost function is also proposed as a function of under-steer index representing current state of the vehicle lateral motion in order to generalize the constrained optimization problem including both normal and severe cornering situation. For example, as the vehicle approaches its handling limits, adaptation of weighting factor is possible to prioritize front tire saturation over increasing the recuperation of braking energy for driver safety and vehicle lateral stability. Finally, computer simulation of closed loop driver-vehicle system based on Carsim? performed to verify the effectiveness of adaptation method in proposed controller and the vehicle performance of the proposed controller in comparison with the conventional controller for only considering the vehicle lateral stability. Simulation results indicate that the proposed controller improved the performance of braking energy recovery as well as guaranteed the vehicle lateral stability similar to the conventional controller.