Rocking Curves of X-ray Asymmetrical Laue Diffraction with Two-Dimensional Curvature of Wave Front

X-ray asymmetrical Laue diffraction in a perfect crystal with plane front surface was considered taking into account the two-dimensional curvature of a wave incident on the crystal. Using an appropriate Green function the dependences of rocking curves on deviation angles from selected exact Bragg direction were examined in the diffraction plane and in the direction perpendicular to the diffraction plane in locally plane wave approximation. The dependence of rocking curves on the degree of asymmetry of diffraction geometry was investigated. Analytical expressions for half widths of rocking curves in the diffraction plane and in the direction perpendicular to the diffraction plane are obtained. Some requirements to spatial and temporal coherence are estimated.     

Solitary Wave and Wave Front as Viewed From Curvature

The solitary wave and wave front are two important behaviors of nonlinear evolution equations. Geometrically, solitary wave and wave front are all plane curve. In this paper, they can be represented in terms of curvature c(s), which varies with arc length s. For solitary wave when s → ±∞, then its curvature c(s) approaches zero, and when s=0, the curvature c(s) reaches its maximum. For wave front, when s → ±∞, then its curvature c(s) approaches zero, and when s=0, the curvature c(s) is still zero, but c'(s) ≠ 0. That is, s=0 is a turning point. When c(s) is given, the variance at some point (x,y) in stream line with arc length s satisfies a 2-order linear variable-coefficient ordinary differential equation. From this equation, it can be determined qualitatively whether the given curvature is a solitary wave or wave front.     

Curvature Correction of FWHM in the X-Ray Rocking Curve of Bent Heteroepitaxial Films

A method for accurate determination of the curvature radius of semiconductor thin films is proposed. The curvature-induced broadening of the x-ray rocking curve （XRC） of a heteroepitaxially grown layer can be determined if the dependence of the full width at half maximum （FWHM） of XRC is measured as a function of the width of incident x-ray beam. It is found that the curvature radii of two GaN films grown on a sapphire wafer are different when they are grown under similar MOCVD conditions but have different values of layer thickness. At the same time, the dislocation-induced broadening of XRC and thus the dislocation density of the epitaxial film can be well calculated after the curvature correction.     

二维点阵的软X射线衍射实验研究

以光刻胶作为探测器,用3.2nm的X射线进行了二维点阵测试样品的软X射线衍射实验,记录了探测器和样品间隔分别为0、2mm和80mm时的图像,并用光学显微镜放大观察。实验结果表明,探测器记录的图像与探测 和样品之间的距离有关,即随探测器和样品之间距离的变化而变化。这与理论模拟的结果一致。     

On Dynamical X-Ray Diffraction in Crystals Modulated by an Acoustic Wave

JETP Letters - Dynamical X ray scattering in crystals modulated by an acoustic wave has been consistently considered. Diffraction in the cases of a spatially uniform amplitude of ultrasound in the...     

空间衍射声波波前与压力场的计算机层析三维重建

应用脉冲载波电子散斑干涉（ｐｕｌｓｅｄｃａｒｒｉｅｄ－ＥＳＰＩ）与计算机层析技术（ＣＴ），实现了由高压电极放电激励所产生的瞬态传输声场在经过不同孔径模板衍射后波前与压力场的三维重建，给出了数值结果，并对噪声条件下的计算机层析重建进行了讨论。     

硬脂酸亚甲基面内摇摆振动二维红外光谱研究

在293~393K温度范围内,分别采用一维红外光谱、二阶导数红外光谱和二维红外光谱测定硬脂酸亚甲基面内摇摆振动(ρCH2)。实验发现:在700~750cm-1范围内,硬脂酸ρCHα存在"第一特征谱带"和未见文献报道的"第二特征谱带"。并进一步研究了温度对于硬脂酸ρCH2红外吸收强度及变化顺序的影响。     

A New Approach for Residual Stress Analysis of GH3535 Alloy by Using Two-Dimensional Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction

We propose a new method to evaluate residual stress based on the analysis of a portion of a Debye ring with two-dimensional synchrotron x-ray diffraction.The residual stress of a nickel-based alloy GH3535 evaluated by the proposed method is determined to be-1149 ± 34 MPa based on the quantitative analysis of the deformation of the(200) reflection,and the residual stress obtained by analyzing THE(111) plane is-933 ± 68 MPa.The results demonstrate that the GH3535 alloy surface is highly compressiv...     

利用X射线衍射光谱研究丝织品的老化

中国考古出土的丝织品数量大,种类丰富,是中国古代文化遗产的重要组成部分,但由于丝蛋白易于降解老化的材料特性,有许多保护问题需要研究解决。对古代丝织品老化程度、老化特征的分析检测有助于了解丝织品的保存状况,并可为保护方法的选择与改进提供帮助。文章通过X射线衍射分析对丝织品老化特征及结晶度的变化进行了研究。样品为经光老化、热老化和水解老化的白色丝织品和出土于湖北、陕西、内蒙古、青海的古代丝织品。X射线衍射分析结果表明,X射线衍射分析可以揭示丝织品的老化作用过程和老化特征,以及相应结晶度的变化,对于出土古代丝织品保存状况及老化机理的研究来说具有实用价值。同时还可为了解古代染织工艺的发展提供信息。     

X射线衍射增强成像中的信息分离和信息处理

人们已经利用X射线的高穿透性,发展了较为成熟的X射线成像理论和技术. X射线成像已经广泛应用于众多领域.传统X射线成像受生物样品中组织间吸收系数差别较小和散射噪声较大两个因素的限制,不易利用这种方法获得生物组织的信息. 衍射增强成像方法不但能将有害的散射噪声滤除,而且能利用样品的折射信息, 是一种具有发展潜力的新成像方法. 本文利用衍射增强成像, 通过在摇摆曲线不同部位成像, 然后对信息处理, 得到了清晰的吸收像、消光(小角散射滤除)像、小角散射(角)宽度像和折射像,最后通过一定的算法将各种成分的像合成, 形成细节部位清晰的合成伪彩色像.     

Information Extracting and Processing with Diffraction nhanced Imaging of X-Ray

X-ray imaging at hight energies has been used for many years in many fields. Conventional X-ray imaging is based on the different absorption within a sample. It's difficult to distinguish different tissues of a biological sample because of their small difference in absorption. In this paper, we use the diffraction enhanced imaging(DEI)method. We took images of absorption, extinction,scattering and refractivity. In the end, we presented pictures of high resolution with all these information combined.     

二维表面浮雕结构的矢量衍射分析

利用等效介质理论,通过严格的耦合波理论计算和分析了二维表面浮雕结构的反射效率与各种因素的关系,给出了不同情况下的变化曲线;同时计算出了该结构在正入射情况下的等效折射率系数。明确提出：不管是对称的还是非对称的二维表面浮雕结构,方位角和极化角的变化对其反射率的影响都不明显;从而得出二维表了雕结构可以实现消偏振、减反的特性。分析了该结构的带宽限制,给出了在给定结构下受限的带宽;同时对浮雕高度加工误差对反射率的影响作了分析,对实际工作有一定的指导意义。     

叉指电光布拉格衍射光栅分析

叉指电光布拉格衍射光栅能够用于制作集成光学器件。将点匹配法扩展应用于又指电光布拉格衍射光栅分析,将光栅各区域的势函数表示为该区域中满足拉普拉斯方程的一系列基函数的级数,匹配边界上有限个点的边界条件以确定出级数项的系数,从而得到叉指电傲电场分布的解析表达式,在此基础上得到了叉指电光布拉格衍射光栅的一些重要的光学与电学特性参量。将分析结果与测量值进行了对比,发现二者十分吻合。所提出的分析方法简便快捷、精度高,所导出的电场分布的解析表达式和分析结果对叉指电光衍射光栅的优化设计具有重要的意义。     

镁铝石榴子石的高压X射线衍射研究

 对于天然镁铝石榴子石（Pyrope）,在0～25.3 GPa压力条件下,在美国布鲁克海汶（Brookhaven）国家实验室国家同步辐射实验站,利用金刚石压腔装置（DAC）,进行了角散X 射线粉末衍射的高压原位测量,获得了天然镁铝石榴子石随压力变化的衍射图谱。采用Materials Studio软件的Refinement模块对衍射图谱进行了分析,得到了镁铝石榴子石的晶胞参数及其随压力的变化,进而利用Birch-Murnaghan状态方程进行数值拟合,得到了镁铝石榴子石的零压体弹模量B₀＝199 GPa（B′₀＝4）。     

Analysis of Interdigital Electro-optic Bragg Diffraction Grating

Some integrated optics devices can be made based on the interdigital electro-optic Bragg diffraction grating. The point-matching method is extended to the analysis of interdigital electro-optic Bragg diffraction gratings. This method provides a simple and fast analytic expression of the electric field in the structure. The field distributions are used to calculate the optical and electrical characteristic parameters of the gratings. The effects of finite conductor thickness have been taken into account in the analysis. It is shown that the simulation results agree well with the measured data.     

X射线衍射法检测氰化钾

建立X射线衍射仪检测氰化钾的方法。与传统分析方法相比,该方法具有简便、快速、准确以及不破坏样品的特点。     

绿柱石的原位高压X射线研究

 采用同步辐射光源和金刚石对顶砧（DAC）技术,对绿柱石进行了室温下的原位高压能散X射线衍射（EDXD）研究,实验的最高压力为19.2 GPa。在实验压力范围内,未观察到绿柱石发生相变,轴压缩率c大于a;在小于9.3 GPa的压力范围内,其体积压缩率符合二阶Murnaghan状态方程,而压力在9.3～19.2 GPa范围内时,其体积压缩率有所增加,且体积-压力关系近乎线性变化。     

Measurement Error of Interferometers with Diffraction Reference Wave

Technical Physics - An experimental setup and results on aberration of sources of a reference spherical wave (SRSW) based on a single-mode optical fiber with a subwavelength output aperture...     

不均匀磁场中的静磁波传播和导波光衍射理论

理论研究了不均匀静磁场对静磁体波传播和导波光布拉格衍射特性的影响。计算表明,在场强不均匀磁场中,静磁体波的振幅有所增加,从而可以明显提高导波光的布拉各衍射效率。此外,有望通过不均匀静磁场来控制衍射光的发散。