肌上皮细胞在腮腺再生过程中的变化

目的 研究腮腺再生过程中的肌上皮细胞（MEC）数量及分布的变化。方法 54只Wistar大鼠分为8个实验组和1个正常对照组,每组6只。实验组结扎大鼠右侧腮腺主导管,结扎后第14天使其再通,分别于再通后第0、1、3、5、7、10、14、21天获取腮腺组织标本,应用苏木精-伊红染色观察再生腺体的组织学变化,并采用免疫组织化学染色法定量分析MEC在腮腺再生不同时间点的数量及分布情况,并与正常对照组作比较。结果 腮腺组织于主导管结扎后第14天明显萎缩,多数腺泡细胞消失,导管样结构明显增多;而MEC数量明显增加,主要分布在导管样结构周围。导管再通后,从第3天开始,腺泡细胞明显增加,导管样结构明显减少,同时MEC数量减少,主要分布在新生腺泡及导管样结构周围,导管再通第3、5天时MEC数量下降最为明显;再通14 d后,腺体结构和MEC的数量及分布基本恢复正常,与正常对照组无明显差异。结论 MEC的数量和分布在腮腺萎缩后再生的第14天可基本恢复正常,腮腺的再生主要发生在主导管再通后的5 d内。     

腮腺主导管结扎后腺体的组织学变化

目的:探讨腮腺导管结扎后腺体组织的生物学变化.方法:用SD大鼠建立动物模型,将其右侧腮腺主导管结扎;定期获取标本,制备组织切片,利用苏木精-伊红染色、免疫组织化学染色及形态计量等方法,观察术后不同阶段腮腺组织中腺泡、肌上皮细胞、导管及间质的形态变化及体积分数.结果:腮腺主导管结扎后,腺体组织开始萎缩,其中腺泡体积分数逐...     

大鼠颌下腺肌上皮细胞分化的体内研究

目的：对大鼠颌下腺肌上皮细胞发育分化进行研究。方法：采用光镜、电镜和免疫组化染色等方法，对胚胎17、18、19、20、21d及生后1、5、10、15、20d的Wistar大鼠颌下腺肌上皮细胞进行观察。结果：17d时肌上皮细胞为尚未分化。胚胎18d，可见肌上皮样细胞及分泌细胞。肌上皮细胞位于腺上皮与基底板之间，呈梭形。胚胎12d出现细小的肌微丝。生后1d,脑浆内可见较明显肌微丝，免疫组化染色显示有少量Actin阳性细胞。生后15d，Actin加阳性细胞明显增多。生后20d，肌上皮细胞趋于成熟，脑浆内含有大量的、与细胞长轴平行的肌微丝，胞膜内侧可见吞饮小泡。Actin强阳性的细胞数量明显增多。结论：大鼠颌下腺肌上皮细胞与腺上皮细胞同时分化；其细胞内细胞器的发育有一定的规律；肌上皮细胞可能来源于终末导管复合体。     

腮腺咬肌筋膜在腮腺肿瘤切除术中的应用

目的:探讨在腮腺切除手术中保留腮腺咬肌筋膜预防腮腺切除术后并发症的效果。方法 :对21例腮腺良性肿瘤患者行肿瘤切除术的同时保留了腮腺咬肌筋膜,术后随访6～30个月。结果:20例患者手术获得成功,仅有1例于19个月后肿瘤复发,4例出现味觉出汗综合征。结论:在腮腺良性肿瘤切除手术中完好地保留腮腺咬肌筋膜,对预防术后味觉出汗综合征有明显效果,并且是安全、可靠的。     

肌上皮细胞在唾液腺中的作用

肌上皮细胞分布于人及动物的外分泌腺中,它是唾液腺的重要细胞结构,具有相当广泛的功能。近年来在细胞生物生理方面的研究发现,肌上皮细胞有较大的增殖潜能,它参与神经冲动的传导及基底膜的形成。此外,肌上皮细胞可通过一些生长因子、内皮素、核苷酸、GABA等调节唾液腺的功能。     

正常涎腺肌上皮细胞的免疫电镜研究

本文采用免疫电镜方法，用肌动蛋白（ａｃｔｉｎ）、肌球蛋白（ｍｙｏｓｉｎ）、Ｓ—１００蛋白以及胶质纤维酸性蛋白（ＧＦＡＰ）等抗体标记３例正常腮腺组织中的肌上皮细胞，结果发现，肌上皮细胞胞浆内及胞突内含大量被抗ａｃｔｉｎ和ｍｙｏｓｉｎ抗体标记的肌微丝，胞浆内细胞器很少．推测该细胞的收缩机理与平滑肌细胞相似。肌上皮细胞对抗Ｓ—１００蛋白反应微弱，对抗ＧＦＡＰ反应阴性。本文还讨论了涎腺肿瘤性肌上皮细胞与正常肌上皮细胞在免疫特性上的差异。     

肌上皮细胞在唾液腺中的作用

肌上皮细胞分布于人及动物的外分泌腺中,它是唾液腺的重要细胞结构,具有相当广泛的功能。近年来在细胞生物生理方面的研究发现,肌上皮细胞有较大的增殖潜能,它参与神经冲动的传导及基底膜的形成。此外,肌上皮细胞可通过一些生长因子、内皮素、核苷酸、GABA等调节唾液腺的功能。     

颞肌筋膜瓣在腮腺良性肿瘤切除中的应用

目的:探讨改良腮腺良性肿瘤切除术的疗效。方法:选择因腮腺良性肿瘤在我院住院患者83例,随机分为实验组44例,对照组39例。对照组按常规“S”切口手术,不行颞肌筋膜瓣修复;实验组采用改良除皱切口,转移带蒂颞肌筋膜瓣充填术区凹陷。结果:对照组局部凹陷畸形明显,Frey综合征发生率为64.10%(25/39),耳部感觉丧失的发生率为87.18%(34/39);实验组局部凹陷畸形不明显,Frey综合征发生率为11.36%(5/44),耳部感觉丧失的发生率为6.82%(3/44),经统计学处理差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论:颞肌筋膜瓣充填术区缺损能有效降低腮腺切除术后Frey’s综合征的发生率。     

胸锁乳突肌肌瓣与美容切口在腮腺肿瘤术中的应用

目的 探究胸锁乳突肌肌瓣与美容切口在腮腺肿瘤术中的手术效果,以及患者满意度的情况。 方法 研究对象选取为2015年1月~2017年6月我院收治的74例腮腺肿瘤患者,采用数字表法随机分为观察组和对照组各37例,两组患者均沿耳屏缘内侧向下做美容切口并切除肿瘤,观察组在切除肿瘤后将胸锁乳突肌肌瓣修复术区缺损,对照组不做任何修复处理,对比两组患者的术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间等手术指标,对比两组患者的术后并发症情况,并采用满意度问卷调查两组患者的手术满意度。结果 两组患者的术中出血量、手术时间、住院时间对比无显著差异（P＞0.05）;两组患者术后暂时性面瘫、涎瘘、耳垂麻木发生率对比无显著差异（P＞0.05）,观察组术区凹陷畸形、Frey综合征发生率显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）;观察组患者满意度为94.6%（34/37）,显著高于对照组的67.6%（25/37）,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 胸锁乳突肌肌瓣修复腮腺肿瘤术后缺损不会影响手术时间及术中出血量,同时可有效减少术后并发症的发生,提高患者的手术满意度,值得在临床上应用和推广。     

腮腺气肿1例报告及文献复习

腮腺气肿是指腮腺内出现空气,但不伴有明显的炎症或感染灶。它是由于异常增高的口腔内压力,导致空气经腮腺导管返流入腮腺内所致,多伴有可导致口腔内压力明显增高的病程。本文报告1例腮腺气肿,并结合文献对其病因、临床表现、诊断及治疗进行讨论。     

Proliferation and distribution of myoepithelial cells during atrophy of the rat sublingual gland

BACKGROUND: The present study was aimed to determine the proliferation and distribution of myoepithelial cells during atrophy of rat sublingual glands. METHODS: The excretory duct of the right sublingual gland of rats was doubly ligated with metal clips to induce atrophy in the gland. The atrophic sublingual glands were taken from 1 to 28 days after duct ligation and examined with single immunohistochemistry for actin as a marker of myoepithelial cells and with immunohistochemical double staining for actin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) as a marker of proliferating cells. RESULTS: In unligated sublingual glands, myoepithelial cells embraced acini and intercalated ducts, but not striated and interlobular excretory ducts. In the early stages of atrophy, myoepithelial cells surrounded small ducts but not large ones. However, in the later stages of atrophy, myoepithelial cells were also observed at the periphery of the large ducts. The immunohistochemical double staining showed that there were PCNA-positive myoepithelial cells in the normal as well as in the atrophic sublingual glands. However, the PCNA labeling indices of myoepithelial cells were low in the unligated and atrophic sublingual glands, and there were no statistically significant differences in these labeling indices. CONCLUSION: The observations suggest that the distribution of myoepithelial cells change during atrophy of rat sublingual glands and that myoepithelial cells have low proliferative activity in both the normal and atrophic condition of rat sublingual glands.     

Differentiating myoepithelial and acinar cells in rat neonatal parotid gland and histogenetic concepts for salivary gland tumors

Histogenetic concepts for salivary gland tumors are predicated on the presence of reserve or undifferentiated cells in normal glands, presumably the source for cell renewal and induction of tumors. Developing rat parotid gland, which remains fetal-like at birth, provides the opportunity to study differentiation and observe whether cytologically undifferentiated cells do or do not have functional indicators of specific differentiation pathways. Immunohistochemistry and immune-electron microscopy, when applied to parotid gland at birth, at 12 days of age and in the adult gland, indicate that commitment to myoepithelial cell differentiation occurs prior to development of structural changes characteristic of these cells. Conversely, secretory granules are evident in differentiating acinar cells prior to synthesis of amylase. The results suggest that an appearance of undifferenliation does not confer reserve cell status either in the normal salivary gland or their tumors.     

腮腺肌上皮癌的研究进展

肌上皮癌又称恶性肌上皮瘤,为1991年WHO涎腺肿瘤分类中新增加的肿瘤类型,是一种罕见的涎腺恶性肿瘤,目前国内外报道不足百例。这种类型的肿瘤曾被认为是一种特殊形态的腺癌,也有学者认为是恶性混合瘤。由于肿瘤性上皮细胞形态多变,致使肌上皮癌的肿瘤组织、细胞结构呈现多样性,因此对于其细胞学认识、诊断、治疗还存在着很大的争议。本文就腮腺肌上皮癌的细胞形态、病理诊断、鉴别诊断及治疗的研究进展进行综述。     

大鼠颌下腺肌上皮分化的研究

目的 :观察组织块原代培养法是否可用于涎腺肌上皮细胞发育分化的研究 ,并探讨肌上皮细胞的组织发生。方法 :采用组织块原代培养法 ,通过相差显微镜、透射电镜及免疫组化染色等检测手段 ,对不同时期大鼠颌下腺肌上皮细胞进行研究。结果 :肌上皮样细胞及含有分泌颗粒的分泌细胞见于体外培养第 3d。肌微丝及Actin阳性细胞分别最早出现于培养第 6d和 7d。此结果与体内研究结果相一致。结论 :肌上皮细胞可能来源于上皮干细胞 ;体外组织块培养方法亦适用于细胞分化研究。     

涎腺肿瘤中的肌上皮细胞标志物

涎腺肿瘤中具有肌上皮分化的占大部分,而肌上皮细胞及其变异型在常规切片中难以辨认,常需要免疫组织化学给予鉴别.因此,肌上皮细胞的免疫组织化学标志物成为研究的热点.本文就近几年来涎腺肿瘤肌上皮细胞的免疫组织化学标志物研究进展作一综述.     

涎腺肿瘤中的肌上皮细胞标志物

涎腺肿瘤中具有肌上皮分化的占大部分,而肌上皮细胞及其变异型在常规切片中难以辨认,常需要免疫组织化学给予鉴别。因此,肌上皮细胞的免疫组织化学标志物成为研究的热点。本文就近几年来涎腺肿瘤肌上皮细胞的免疫组织化学标志物研究进展作一综述。     

Expression of CD44 standard and variant isoforms in parotid gland and parotid gland tumours

In this study, we investigated the distribution of the standard form of the CD44 (CD44s) cell adhesion molecule and of its v3 and v6 isoforms in samples of foetal and adult parotid gland tissue, in comparison with samples of parotid gland adenomas and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. Foetal parotid gland showed CD44s and CD44v3 expression in the peripheral small primordial ducts and acini, while CD44v6 was only focally expressed. Adult parotid gland tissue showed a similar distribution of CD44s and variants, with a predominant expression in acinar structures and a weaker expression at duct level. In parotid gland adenomas, a diffuse and intense expression of CD44s and variants 3 and 6 was observed only in pleomorphic adenomas, while expression of CD44s was prevalent in Warthin's tumour, myoepithelioma and oncocytoma. The malignant areas of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma showed a markedly decreased expression of CD44v3 and CD44v6 in comparison with the adjacent pleomorphic adenoma component. In conclusion, the prevalent expression of CD44s and variants in pleomorphic adenoma in comparison with other adenomas may be related to the abundant extracellular matrix production present in these tumours, while loss of CD44v3 and CD44v6 associated with the onset of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma could promote stromal invasion, eventually contributing to the development of distant metastases.     

Immunohistochemical analysis of the proliterative capacity of duct and acinar cells during ligation-induced atrophy and subsequent regeneration of rat parotid gland

To study the proliferative capacity of salivary gland, an animal model of regeneration was developed. A clamp, which induced atrophy in parotid gland by obstructing the main excretory duct but allowed restoration of duct patency following removal, was implanted in a series of rats. When it was removed (Day 7), the weight of the glands was reduced by 50% and acinar cells had decreased from 93.8% to 8.2% of total cell population. Regeneration occurred rapidly following removal of the clamp. The number and location of cycling intercalated, striated, and excretory duct cells and acinar cells were monitored using an antibody to proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). All cell types were induced to cycle but the predominant cell to cycle was the acinar cell. During regeneration the number of PCNA+ acinar cells increased 38.7–fold from steady-state values. Results demonstrate that acinar cells have a significant potential for cycling, contrary to current histogenetic theories of salivary gland tumourigenesis which exclude acinar cells as potential progenitor cells on the grounds of their putative limited cycling capacity.