Psychometric testing of the healthy eating and physical activity self‐efficacy questionnaire and the healthy eating and physical activity behavior recall questionnaire for children

1 Purpose

The purpose of this study was to develop and assess the psychometric properties for two related questionnaires: the Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Self‐Efficacy Questionnaire for Children (HEPASEQ‐C) and the Healthy Eating and Physical Activity Behavior Recall Questionnaire for Children (HEPABRQ‐C).

2 Design and Methods

HEPASEQ‐C and HEPABRQ‐C were administered to 517 participating children with 492 completing. Data were analyzed to evaluate for reliability and validity of the questionnaires.

3 Results

Content validity was established through a 10‐person expert panel. For the HEPASEQ‐C, item content validity index (CVI) ranged from 0.80 to 1.00. The CVI for the total questionnaire was 1.0. All HEPASEQ‐C items loaded on a single factor. Cronbach's alpha was deemed acceptable (.749). For the HEPABRQ‐C, item CVI ranged from 0.88 to 1.00. CVI for the total questionnaire was 1.0. Pearson product moment correlation between HEPASEQ‐C and HEPABRQ‐C scores was significant (r = .501, p = .000).

4 Practice Implications

The HEPASEQ‐C and HEPABRQ‐C are easily administered and provide helpful insights into children's self‐efficacy and behavior recall. They are easy to use and applicable for upper elementary school settings, in clinical settings for individual patients, and in health promotion settings.     

Pregnancy physical activity questionnaire (PPAQ): reliability and validity of Turkish version

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to translate the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire into Turkish and test its reliability and validity among Turkish pregnant women. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects were 204 healthy, single pregnant women between the ages 18 and 40 who volunteered to participate in this study. Reliability was evaluated by measuring the one-week test-retest reliability with the intraclass correlation coefficient and Pearson’s correlation analysis. Concurrent validity was examined by comparing the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire with the long form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and step counts with pedometer. [Results] The mean age of the participants was 28.23±4.94 years, and the mean for BMI was 26.09±4.40. For test-retest reliability, r values were respectively 0.961, 0.934, 0.957 and 0.981 for self-reported sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous activity, respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficient scores ranged from 0.924 to 0.993. For validity, the Pearson’s correlation coefficients between the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire and long form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire ranged from moderate (r = 0.329) to high (r = 0.672). The correlation value between the total score of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire and the step counts was 0.70. [Conclusion] The Turkish version of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for measurement of the physical activity level of pregnant women.Key words: Pregnancy, Physical activity questionnaire, Reliability     

Health-related quality of life,physical activity,and sedentary behavior of adults with visual impairments

Purpose: Research suggests that physical activity and sedentary behaviors can impact one’s health-related quality of life (HRQoL). However, little is known about the impact that these behaviors can have on the HRQoL of those with visual impairments. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to determine the associations of physical activity and sedentary behavior with HRQoL among a sample of adults with visual impairments.

Method: Individuals with visual impairments were invited via email to complete three questionnaires: (a) the international physical activity questionnaire-short form, (b) the Rasch-revised versions of the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument with the Level of Independence subscale, and (c) a demographic questionnaire. Eighty participants (M_age?=_?47.5) provided usable surveys for analyses.

Results: The results demonstrated that physical activity significantly predicted HRQoL (F(2,79)?=?3.508, p?=?.035, R²_Adjusted=.060), yet, sedentary behavior did not (F(2,79)?=?1.546, p?=?.220, R²?=?.039, R²_Adjusted =.014). Gender differences were uncovered regarding the relationship between physical activity and health-related quality of life.

Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate the importance of physical activity in influencing the HRQoL of adults with visual impairments. This study supports the need for additional intervention research to promote physical activity for those with visual impairments.

• Implications for Rehabilitations

• Adults with visual impairments tend to report lower health-related quality of life than peers without visual impairments.

• Regular participation in leisure-time physical activity, and restricted sedentary time, have been demonstrated to positively influence health-related quality of life for adults without disabilities.

• In this study, physical activity shows promise as an effective means of improving health-related quality of life for adults with visual impairments.

     

国际体力活动问卷在高血压患者中应用的信度与效度检验

目的 测量国际体力活动问卷(IPAQ)在高血压患者中的信度与效度.方法 采用IPAQ与PA日记2次测量高血压患者的体力活动状况,分析IPAQ的信度与效度.结果 IPAQ在不同强度、不同类型的高血压患者间体力活动的重测系数具有相关性,组内相关系数在0.60～0.82.PA日记中不同强度体力活动能量消耗、总体力活动能量消耗与IPAQ问卷的各维度存在相关性,第一次测量的Spearman相关系数在0.27～0.61,第二次在0.28～0.58.结论 IPAQ中文版信度与效度较好,适用于评价高血压患者的体力活动水平.     

Effects of sedentary behavior and physical activity on sleep quality in older people: A cross‐sectional study

The aim of this cross‐sectional study was to investigate the influence of replacing sedentary time with time engaged in one of two levels of physical activity on sleep quality using an isotemporal substitution model. The participants were 70 community‐dwelling older Japanese adults (approximately 70% female). Physical activity types were measured using a triaxial accelerometer and categorized based on intensity as sedentary, light‐intensity, and vigorous‐intensity. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index assessed subjective sleep quality. Objective sleep parameters were assessed using an actigraph. A series of multi‐linear regression models analyzed the statistical relationships. Our findings showed that replacing 30 min of sedentary activity per day with an equal period of light‐intensity physical activity significantly influenced sleep quality parameters. However, there was no significant difference in sleep quality when light‐intensity activity was replaced with vigorous‐intensity activity. Engaging in one activity type means less available time for other types of activity; habitual replacement of sedentary activity with light‐intensity physical activity might have long‐term benefits on the sleep quality of older people.     

The Turkish version of the pregnancy physical activity questionnaire: cross-cultural adaptation,reliability, and validity

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to translate the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire, adapt it for use with Turkish subjects and determine its reliability and validity. [Subjects and Methods] The Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire was translated into Turkish and administered twice at 7–14-day intervals to pregnant women to assess the test-retest reliability. Cronbach’s α was used for internal consistency, and the inter-rater correlation coefficient was used to calculate the test-retest reliability. The Turkish Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire were used to estimate validity. [Results] The internal consistency during the first and third trimesters of pregnancy was excellent, with Cronbach’s α values of 0.93 and 0.95, respectively. The mean interval between the two assessments was 11.1 ± 2.1 days. The correlation coefficient between the total activity measured by the Turkish version of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire estimates of the total metabolic equivalent were fair to poor during the first, second, and third trimesters of pregnancy (r = 0.17, r = 0.17, r = 0.21, respectively). The Turkish version of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire showed fair correlations with the Short Form 36 Health Survey physical component score (r = −0.30) and mental component score (r = −0.37) for the first trimester of pregnancy. [Conclusion] The Turkish version of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire was found to be reliable and valid for assessing a pregnant woman’s physical activity.Key words: Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire, Reliability, Turkish     

Lifelong physical activity patterns of sedentary Mexican American women

Increasing physical activity, especially for high-risk groups, is a national priority; yet little is known about the lifelong patterns of physical activity of older Mexican American women. This article describes Mexican American women's current sedentary status by reviewing their physical activity history. Interventions aimed at promoting health in older adults require an understanding of the impact of prior experiences on current health behaviors. Thus, in-depth semistructured interviews were conducted with 71 Mexican American women (aged 50 years or older) recruited from local churches and senior centers. Household, occupational, and leisure activities from age 15 years to present time were reviewed. A lifelong pattern of low occupational and leisure activity and low to moderate household activity were found, with sedentary occupations and no leisure activities predominating. Most believed that current household, occupational and leisure activities provide enough physical activity, thus influencing participation in exercise programs or activities. Attempts to increase physical activity for this group need to begin by teaching them age-appropriate and culturally acceptable physical activities.     

功能性消化不良患者健康行为自我效能问卷的编制及信效度检测

目的编制功能性消化不良患者健康行为自我效能问卷并测定其信度和效度,为临床评价功能性消化不良患者自我效能提供工具。方法以自我效能感社会认知理论为框架,初步构建功能性消化不良患者健康行为自我效能问卷。将初始问卷进行两轮专家咨询形成预测问卷,对300例功能性消化不良患者进行问卷调查,并进行信效度分析。结果问卷由营养效能、运动效能、心理安适效能、社会支持效能及健康责任效能5个维度,35个条目组成。问卷各维度Cronbachgd系数为0．670～0．831,总体CronbachgOt系数为0．924;一周后重测信度为0．936。因子分析,提取5个公因子,累计方差贡献率为57．30％;问卷的内容效度为0．953。结论功能性消化不良患者健康行为自我效能问卷具有良好的信度和效度,该问卷可作为功能性消化不良患者自我效能评估工具。     

Association between sedentary behavior and normal-range lactate dehydrogenase activity

Objectives: Recent research demonstrates that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity within the normal range may serve as a mediator in the (positive) relationship between physical activity and cardiovascular disease risk. Emerging work supports deleterious associations between sedentary behavior and health, independent of physical activity. Thus, this study evaluated if sedentary behavior was associated with normal-range LDH activity, independent of physical activity.

Methods: Data from the 2003–2006 NHANES were used (N = 2,087 adults; 40–79 yrs). LDH activity levels were estimated from a blood sample using LX20 and LDH reagent; participants were included if they had LDH activity levels within the normal range (105–333 IU/L). Physical activity and sedentary behavior were assessed via accelerometry.

Results: Sedentary behavior was inversely associated with normal-range LDH activity when physical activity was excluded from the model (OR = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.83–0.97, P = 0.009 for LDH activity quartile 4 vs. 1). However, sedentary behavior was no longer associated with normal-range LDH activity after controlling for physical activity and other covariates (OR = 1.00, P = 0.49 for LDH activity quartile 2 vs. 1; OR = 1.00, P = 0.72 for LDH quartile 3 vs. 1; and OR = 0.99, P = 0.36 for LDH quartile 4 vs. 1).

Conclusion: Unlike physical activity, sedentary behavior is not independently associated with normal-range LDH activity.     

Development of questionnaire to examine relationship of physical activity and diabetes in Pima Indians

There was a need to design a questionnaire that could accurately assess the activity patterns of Native Americans to evaluate the relationship between physical activity and diabetes. Such a questionnaire was developed and implemented into the data collection scheme of the prospective Pima Indian Study of Arizona. The questionnaire, which assesses historical, past-year, and past-week leisure and occupational activity, was examined in 29 Pima individuals aged 21-36 yr and was shown to be reliable with test-retest correlations (rank-order correlations ranged from 0.62 to 0.96 for leisure and occupational activity). Reproducibility of the past-year leisure physical-activity estimate was determined in 69 participants aged 10-59 yr and was found to be reliable in all age-groups with the exception of the 10- to 14-yr-old age-group (rank-order correlations were 0.31 in the 10- to 14-yr-old age-group compared to 0.88 to 0.92 in those greater than 20 yr of age). Validity of the current-activity section of the questionnaire was demonstrated indirectly through comparisons with activity monitors. The past-week leisure-activity estimate was related to the Caltrac activity monitor counts per hour (rho = 0.62, P less than 0.05, n = 17). In summary, a physical-activity questionnaire has been developed that is both reliable and feasible to use in the Pima Indian population to evaluate the relationship of physical activity to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.     

The prosthesis evaluation questionnaire: reliability and cross-validation of the Turkish version

[Purpose] Currently, there are a limited number of amputee-specific instruments for measuring prosthesis-related quality of life with good psychometric properties in Turkey. This study translated the Prosthetic Evaluation Questionnaire to Turkish and analyzed as well as discussed its construct validity and internal consistency. [Subjects and Methods] The Prosthetic Evaluation Questionnaire was adapted for use in Turkish by forward/backward translation. The final Turkish version of this questionnaire was administered to 90 unilateral amputee patients. Second evaluation was possible in 83 participants within a median 28 day time period. [Results] Point estimates for the intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from 0.69 to 0.89 for all 9 Prosthetic Evaluation Questionnaire scales, indicating good correlation. Overall Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranged from 0.64 to 0.92, except for the perceived response subscale of 0.39. The ambulation subscale was correlated with the physical functioning subscales of Short Form-36 (SF-36) (r=0.48). The social burden subscale score of the Prosthetic Evaluation Questionnaire was correlated with social functioning subscales of SF-36 (r= 0.63). [Conclusion] The Turkish version of the Prosthetic Evaluation Questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for implementation in the Turkish unilateral amputee population.Key words: Prosthetic Evaluation Questionnaire, Turkish, Validity     

2013年安徽省成年人身体活动和静态行为状况分析

目的 了解安徽省成年人日常身体活动和静态行为现状。方法 采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,以面对面询问方式收集调查对象的慢性病相关危险因素、业余身体活动和静态行为时间等相关信息,并对样本进行复杂抽样设计加权和事后分层权重调整后,估算相关指标。结果 2013年安徽省成年人从不锻炼率为88.69%（95%CI:85.83%~91.55%）,经常锻炼率为8.03%（95%CI:5.32%~10.74%）,身体活动不足率为18.04%（95%CI:11.40%~24.68%）。随着教育水平的提高,从不锻炼率下降,而经常锻炼率和身体活动不足比例均升高（P0.05）。城镇、高教育水平和从事脑力劳动人群的身体活动不足比例较高（P0.05）。人均每日总静态时间为4.33（95%CI:4.19~4.47）h,其中看电视、使用电脑和手机时间分别为105.30（95%CI:97.03~113.58）min、30.85（95%CI:23.64~38.07）min和22.01（95%CI:15.82~28.20）min。随着年龄和教育水平的增加,静态行为时间分别递减和递增,屏幕时间同样如此（P0.01）。结论 安徽省成年人业余锻炼水平较低,身体活动不足普遍存在,业余静态行为时间较长,尤其要关注青年、城镇和高教育水平人群的屏幕时间情况。     

Development and evaluation of the multidimensional German pain questionnaire

The German pain questionnaire (DSF) has been developed and validated by the Task force on "Standardization and Economy in Pain Management" of the German Chapter of the International Association for the Study of Pain (DGSS). The concept of the DSF is based on a bio (medical) - psycho - social pain model. The modular approach to pain assessment consists of:demographic data,pain variables (e. g. pain sites, temporal characteristics, duration, intensity),pain associated symptoms,affective and sensory qualities of pain (adjective list by Geissner, SESCopyright ),pain relieving and intensifying factors,previous pain treatment procedures,pain-related disability (Pain Disability Index by Tait et al.),depression test CES-D (Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Test),comorbid conditions,social factors (educational level, occupation, retirement status, compensation and/or litigation status, disability for work),health related quality of life (SF-36Copyright ).Practicability and content validity were tested in some 3000 patients. Comparison with external criteria (e. g. medical and psychiatric-psychological diagnoses, physician-determined chronicity of pain) proved good content validity and excellent reliability of patients statements in the questionnaire. The great majority of patients stated that the DSF covered their pain history completely and in an orderly fashion. Difficulty to answer the questions was considered low. The German pain questionnaire is a reliable and valid instrument for recording the multidimensional experience of pain. Data from such questionnaires are indispensable for follow-up studies and internal and external quality assessments. The DSF can be ordered from the German Society for the Study of Pain (www.dgss.org) and is a core instrument of the computer program "quality assurance in pain management" (QUAST) of this society.     

Evaluating physical activity: the AQAP questionnaire and its interpretation software

ObjectivesUpdating Baecke physical activity questionnaire in French, validating this version named AQAP and developing software for a personalized interpretation of the results.MethodValidation conducted on 702 consultants in health prevention centers aged 18–79 years: reliability of the questionnaire when self-administered, validity according to the energy expenditure per interview and reproducibility after two weeks (n = 31). After two months, assessment of the questionnaire's impact on knowledge and behaviors in 320 young adults aged 18–29 years.ResultsThe results from self- and interviewer-administered questionnaire were correlated (Kappa > 0.60). Furthermore, the total physical activity index was correlated to the energy expenditure (rho = 0.39, P < 0.0001). The four physical activity indexes calculated from self-administrated questionnaires barely varied at the two-week interval (P ≥ 0.23, power ≥ 77%, accepted difference ±10%). Two months later, 80% of the participants had read the interpretation software report, 55% became conscious of their physical activity level, 43% increased their physical activity level and 42% reported being aware of the relationship between physical activity and health.ConclusionAQAP characteristics are satisfactory and thus this questionnaire can be used on the general population in complement of an individual or collective action to promote physical activity and in epidemiological studies for analyzing the links between individual behaviors and health.     

Assessing telehealth interventions for physical activity and sedentary behavior self‐management in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: An integrative review

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic disease, requiring lifestyle management to prevent chronic complications. Increasing physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior are integral to maintaining glycemic control. The purpose of this study was to (1) appraise and synthesize the literature about physical activity and sedentary behavior intervention delivery via telehealth strategies in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and (2) to evaluate what is known about the effectiveness of such interventions on physical activity, sedentary behavior, and glycemic control. An integrative literature review was carried out, including the electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, and PsychInfo, searching for articles published within the past 10 years, meeting specified inclusion and exclusion criteria, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses statement guidelines. Seventeen studies were included. Significant improvements in physical activity and sedentary behavior were identified in web and mobile phone‐based interventions. Modest improvements in glycemic control were reported. Theoretical framework use and integration was limited, and intervention length and follow‐up varied greatly in the studies reviewed. Outcomes were measured using both self‐report and objective measures, but objective measures were used less frequently. Further, few studies have been conducted in the United States or in rural populations. Web and mobile phone‐based telehealth interventions to increase physical activity, reduce sedentary behaviors, and improve glycemic control have been supported by the literature. A need exists for future studies that are theory‐driven, include dose‐specific measures, self‐report and objective measures, and long‐term follow‐up. Examining intervention effects in rural populations is needed.     

Physical activity and sedentary behavior in adolescents with type 1 diabetes

The purpose of this study was to describe the associations between levels of physical activity measured by accelerometry and changes in fitness, body composition, lipids, and glucose control (i.e., glycosolated hemoglobin [A1C]) in a sample of 16 adolescents with type 1 diabetes participating in a personalized exercise program. More sedentary activity was associated with lower fitness and fat free mass and increased total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL‐c), and triglycerides (p < .05). Greater amounts of moderate to vigorous activity were associated with higher fitness and fat free mass, and decreased total cholesterol, LDL‐c, triglycerides, and A1C (p < .05). Findings support the beneficial effects of increased moderate activity and decreased sedentary behavior to reduce cardiovascular risks and improve glucose control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 33:441–449, 2010     

Objectively assessed physical activity and associated factors of sedentary behavior among survivors of stroke living in Cape Town,South Africa

Purpose: To investigate objectively measured physical activity in stroke survivors living in low-income areas of Cape Town, South Africa, specifically to: (a) describe the volume of daily physical activity and time spent in different intensity levels and (b) investigate the association of factors covering the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health with sedentary behavior.

Materials and methods: A cross-sectional design was used, where forty-five ambulatory community-dwelling stroke survivors participated. Volume and intensity of physical activity were assessed with accelerometers for three to five consecutive days. Personal and environmental factors, along with body function and activity, were captured. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate factors associated with the percentage of days spent sedentary.

Results: The median number of steps per day was 2393, and of the average 703?minutes of wear time, 80% were spent in sedentary, 15% in light, and 5% in moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity. Age, stroke severity, and failing to receive outpatient rehabilitation were independently associated with sedentary, which, taken together, explained 52% of the variance.

Conclusions: Low volumes of physical activity and high amount of sedentary time emphasize the need to develop strategies that will increase physical activity. Providing outpatient rehabilitation in a systematic manner post-stroke is a potential target of health care programs in order to reduce sedentary behavior.

• Implications for rehabilitation

• Objectively measured physical activity among community-dwelling survivors of stroke in Cape Town, South Africa was low in volume, and the majority did not meet the recommendations of 150?minutes of at least moderate intensity physical activity.

• The majority of stroke survivors in South Africa spent most of their time sedentary, which could further increase the risk of cardiovascular impairments.

• Outpatient rehabilitation should be provided to all patients after stroke since it appears to reduce sedentary time.

     

Development and pilot testing of the faculty advisor evaluation questionnaire

The importance of academic advising has been established in part by its designation as an element in the American Association of Colleges of Nursing's Standards for Accreditation. In addition, academic advising plays an essential role in students' development, academic success, satisfaction, recruitment, and retention; therefore, access to valid and reliable evaluation tools is of considerable importance. The purpose of this study was to develop and pilot test the Faculty Advisor Evaluation Questionnaire (FAEQ), which is an instrument developed from qualitative nursing research. The psychometric properties were explored using face and content validity, internal consistency reliability, and principle components factor analysis. The four-factor solution of the resulting 30-item questionnaire accounted for 81% of the variability. Cronbach's alpha values of the four factors ranged from 0.885 to 0.974. The FAEQ should elicit valid and reliable results, although further testing is needed to validate the findings in a larger and more diverse sample.