基于CF-PCCs模型的维西县滑坡致灾因子敏感性分析

为了深入了解滑坡的成灾背景，减少灾害造成的生命财产损失，以云南省维西县为研究区，选取了高程、坡度、坡向、降水量、距河流距离、工程地质岩组、距断层距离、植被归一化指数（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,NDVI）和道路密度9项致灾因子，利用确定性系数（Certainty Factor,CF）-皮尔逊积矩相关系数（Pearson Product-moment Correlation Coefficient,PCCs）模型对致灾因子进行敏感性分析，并对分析结果的准确性进行了验证.结果表明：(1)因子敏感性由高到低分别为坡向、河流、高程、降水量、断层、道路、坡度、工程地质岩组和NDVI；(2)敏感性最大的因子类别包括：高程为1 486～2 600 m，坡度为0°～20°，坡向为半阳坡，降水量为782～1 178 mm，距河流距离为0～300 m，工程地质岩组为极软岩，距断层距离为2 400～3 200 m,NDVI为-0.169～0.039，道路密度为80～117 km/km2；(3)CF-PCCs模型精度高，数据分析结果可靠，该方法可为滑坡敏感性分...     

黑河上游土壤含水量的空间分布与环境因子的关系

通过原位观测及大范围多尺度采集位于青藏高原北缘的祁连山地黑河上游土壤含水量数据,得到土壤含水量的空间分布,并运用旋转主成分分析法分析影响黑河上游土壤含水量的主要环境因子.结果表明:在黑河上游,影响土壤含水量的主要因子是地形因子,土壤物理属性与土壤含水量之间的相关关系不显著;地形因子中坡度和坡向与土壤含水量呈显著负相关,土壤含水量在坡向作用下呈现北坡高于南坡的趋势,海拔与土壤含水量呈现显著的正相关关系.     

天津地区闪电活动与地形因子关系研究

为研究天津地区闪电活动与地形因子的关系,文章采用相关分析、多元线性回归方法,对天津地区2008—2013年闪电定位数据和30m精度的DEM数据(提取海拔、坡向、坡度、坡度变率、地形起伏度)进行分析,结果发现闪电频数与海拔、坡度变率、地形起伏度呈负相关关系,与坡度呈正相关关系,与坡向不相关,闪电电流强度与坡度呈正相关关系,与其他地形因子不相关。     

日本落叶松人工林生境因子筛选与权重确定

通过在日本落叶松人工林分内设置临时标准地,获取了坡向、坡度、海拔、pH值、土层厚度、坡位和平均树高等因子.首先应用逐步回归法筛选出了4个影响显著的生境因子坡向、坡度、海拔和土层厚度;通过层次分析法确定了各显著影响因子的权重,海拔的权重为0.061 6,土层厚度的权重为0.1737,坡度的权重为0.2910,坡向的权重为0.4737;对不同的因子,按其与日本落叶松生长的关系分为不同的水平,按层次分析法排序后的结论为:阴坡排第一位,I级到nl级坡度(5～25.)的平缓斜坡排第二位,半阴坡排第三位,海拔1520～1600m排第16位即最后一位.     

冲积扇油气管道坡面侵蚀灾害因子分析

坡面侵蚀是管道破坏的重要地质灾害之一，且其过程复杂，各指标因子相互作用。基于熵权法确定指标权重，距出水口距离所占权重最高，达24%。通过GIS沿管道两侧50 m建立缓冲区，利用空间加权叠加分析，得到缓冲区侵蚀强度。以灾害点侵蚀强度为统计指标，对坡面侵蚀的抗冲性、渗透性、植被、坡度、距出水口距离、水量6类指标进行统计分析。结果表明，坡面侵蚀强度与渗透性、坡度、水量呈现较好的正相关；抗冲性、植被与侵蚀强度具有一定程度的负相关关系；整体而言，侵蚀强度随距出水口距离的减小变高。     

紫茎泽兰在广西的入侵生境因子分析

文章采用随机布设样地的方法对广西各地的紫茎泽兰（Eupatorium adenophorum）入侵区域的入侵格局进行研究。通过量化紫茎泽兰样地的海拔、坡度、坡向等16个生境因子,精确描述了该外来杂草对具不同特征的各种生境的入侵格局,对其进行主成分（PCA）分析。结果表明：描述紫茎泽兰生境的16个生态因子所含的生态信息由四个综合因子表征。紫茎泽兰的发生频率与坡向、水源距、耕地距、植物总数、海拔、土壤湿润度、乔木高度、坡度、植物种数等生态因子正相关,与灌木数、杂草高度、杂草盖度、气温、乔木大小、林型、空气湿度等生态因子呈负相关。     

基于Landsat数字影像的阿尔泰山乔木林空间分布

【目的】以新疆阿勒泰林场乔木林为研究对象,通过遥感与地理信息技术量化分析森林的空间分布规律,为定量评估森林的生态功能提供数据基础和支撑。【方法】运用3S技术,基于DEM数据、Landsat数据和森林资源调查数据,定量分析乔木林与地形因子的空间关系。 【结果】地形因子与乔木林的空间分布在0.01水平上显著相关。研究区乔木林90%分布在海拔≥1 500～2 400 m,其中在海拔≥1 800～2 100 m分布频率最大,达39%; 其次是≥2 100～2 400 m,为27%; 海拔≥900～1 200 m和≥2 400～2 700区域林地乔木林分布较小。78%的乔木林分布在北坡、东北坡、西北坡,其中,在北坡的比例达到45%,在东北坡、西北坡的比例为33%。在坡度上主要集中于斜坡、陡坡、急坡,占比达到85%,其中在陡坡分布频率最大,达到37%。【结论】海拔、坡向和坡度是影响乔木林空间分布的主要生态因子。阿尔泰山乔木林适宜生长在海拔≥1 500～2 400 m,坡向为北坡、东北坡、西北坡,坡度涵盖斜坡、陡坡、急坡的区域。     

日本落叶松生长量与立地因子的相关分析

应用双重筛选逐步回归方法，建立了胶东半岛日本落叶松人工林胸径、树高生长量与五个立地因子（海拔，坡向，坡度，坡位和土层厚度）之间的多元回归模型，通过对模型分析指出，日本落叶松胸径和树高生长量与立地因子之间存在着密切相关关系，其中海拔是影响日本落叶松胸径和树高生长的主要立地因子，其次是土层厚度，坡向和坡度，坡位对其影响不显著。     

王朗国家自然保护区大熊猫生境适宜性评价

以王朗自然保护区为例,考虑地质灾害影响,构建王朗大熊猫生境评价指标体系,最终确定海拔、坡度、坡向、距河流距离、植被、竹子分布、距道路距离、灾害点密度为评价指标,采用层次分析法(AHP)和主成分分析(PCA)结合最小信息熵模型确定各指标综合权重,评价王朗大熊猫生境适宜性并提出保护大熊猫的相关建议.结果表明:(1)最适宜、...     

地形因子对人口空间分布影响分析——以黄山市为例

利用黄山市人口统计数据(2000年)及地形数据,就地形因子与人口空间分布的关系进行定量分析.结果表明:海拔、坡度和坡向对人口空间分布都有显著的影响.海拔的影响表现在海拔400m以内人口密度变化显著,海拔400m以上人口密度变化平缓,海拔与人口密度呈混合函数关系.坡度的影响表现在从0°到10°内人口密度显著递减,从10°到40°人口密度递减平缓,呈Inverse函数关系.坡向的影响表现在不同坡向上的人口密度有显著差异.在此基础上,通过建立基于海拔、坡度和坡向的地形因子指数模型,定量分析地形因子对人口分布的影响,结果表明地形指数与人口空间分布呈对数函数关系.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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