仿生软体驱动器的研究综述

软体驱动器是智能和交互式软体机器人的核心部件，由于其高度的灵活性、良好的环境适应能力以及安全可交互等优势，被广泛应用于工业、农业、医学、救护和公告服务等领域。研究人员通过对生物的模仿制造出了各种类型的软体驱动器。围绕国内外近些年来软体驱动器的研究成果，介绍了国内外软体机器人中所采用的软体驱动器技术的基础研究发展现状；针对软体驱动器的基本特性对其进行了系统归纳分类，介绍了各类型软体驱动器的基本工作原理，介绍了各种软体驱动器各领域的的应用现状以及各种类型驱动器的优缺点和在实践应用中存在的问题；对软体驱动器未来的发展趋势进行展望。     

承压设备的超声检测技术

系统介绍了承压设备的超声检测技术的发展概况。较全面地展示了传统超声检测技术的应用领域,综述了超声衍射时差技术、空气耦合技术和超声导波技术等超声检测新技术的最新研究成果。最后,讨论了承压设备的超声检测技术的发展方向。     

功率超声变幅杆振动能量传输性能的研究

能量传递是功率超声设备中一个非常关键和复杂的问题。这里就功率超声变幅杆在有负载情况下的速度波、力波和功率传递的特性从理论上进行了研究并得到了一些相关的结论,对提高超声设备能量传递效率和进一步研究整个超声振动系统的能量传递性能有重要意义     

能量采集型压电超声驱动器的设计与实验研究

基于压电陶瓷正、逆压电效应设计了一种具有能量采集功能的旋转式环形压电超声驱动器;利用ANSYS软件建立了驱动器压电振子有限元参数化模型(FEM),通过参数灵敏度分析方法对压电振子结构进行了优化设计;研制了直径60 mm的环形压电超声驱动器原理样机,搭建了样机实验平台,实验验证了所设计方法的正确性。研究结果表明,在频率36 kHz、幅值152 V的电压激励下,驱动器的最大空载转速、堵转力矩和机械输出功率分别达到112 r/min、0.78 N·m和3.1 W;在空载时,驱动器每个扇区的振动能量采集输出功率最大达到108 mW;在负载力矩0.35 N·m和负载电阻为11 kΩ时,驱动器每个扇区的振动能量采集输出功率达到93 mW,总的采集输出功率为1.674 W,驱动器压电振子的振动能量有效利用率达到47.74%。     

大行程高精度驱动系统的研究

首先对大行程高精度驱动系统结构研究进展进行介绍和评述,其次针对目前大行程高精度宏微两级定位系统结构复杂,体积大,驱动控制困难等问题,提出研究具有宏微双重运动功能的单一驱动结构将是大行程高精度驱动定位系统的发展方向;指出将超声电机与压电微驱动器结合成为单一驱动器将是大行程高精度驱动系统的一个发展方向;最后对单级超声电机宏微驱动系统建模方法、位置控制策略的研究进展进行了综述,指出了单级宏微驱动的超声电机研究的主要难点。     

旋转超声加工的研究现状及发展趋势

随着航空航天、医疗制药、军事等领域的不断发展,硬脆材料的应用越来越广泛,针对硬脆及特殊材料加工方法研究成为加工制造研究的热点之一,其中旋转超声加工对硬脆材料和复合材料加工成为一种有效的加工方法.针对硬脆及复合材料的旋转超声工艺特性以及加工形式的研究现状进行分析,总结近年来国内外在旋转超声加工的设备、应用等方面的主要研究成果,对旋转超声加工技术的发展趋势及研究方向进行了展望.     

超声电机在真空高低温环境下的驱动性能

为了对行波型旋转超声电机在同向负载下的驱动性能进行测试,并研究真空高低温环境对电机驱动性能产生的影响,设计并搭建了一套测试系统,从而实现了对超声电机转速和负载扭矩的测量,并对测试设备采取了控温措施,保证设备在高低温环境下的测试精度不会下降。试验结果表明,利用该系统可获得有效测试数据,得到超声电机在真空高低温环境下的驱动性能曲线,并将其与常温常压环境下的曲线进行比对,可以看到真空高低温环境对超声电机在同向负载下的驱动性能产生了一定影响。本研究成果为超声电机在航天领域的广泛应用奠定了可靠基础。     

LCD显示驱动器的设计与实现

为了将液晶显示器(LCD)用于军用设备和一些特殊领域,采用工业级FPGA芯片,自行设计LCD显示驱动逻辑,研制一种能够可靠工作于-40～ 65℃的LCD显示驱动器。该显示驱动器能够接收隔行扫描的视频信号,进行去隔行和缩放处理,实现满屏显示,并通过了高低温实验。     

微小机器人的移动方式

微小机器人是微机电系统研究开发的重要分支,各种微小机器人的研究成果不断涌现.受自身尺寸和作业空间的限制,微小机器人难以采用常规机器人的驱动器、传动机构和执行机构.根据移动方式的不同,将微小机器人分为腿足式、轮式、蠕动式和游动式等类型.讨论了各种移动类型的例子,分析研究了它们新颖的驱动机构.认为驱动器的微型化是实现微小机器人的关键,高效合理的驱动方式可降低对微小驱动器的要求.     

微驱动器的研究与发展

微电子机械系统(Micro Electro Mechanical Systems,简称MEMS)是在微电子技术的基础上兴起的一门应用技术,微驱动器是MEMS的重要组成部分.首先阐述了几种新型驱动原理:机械化学驱动、渗透驱动、生物能源驱动、仿生驱动、光致伸缩驱动,接下来介绍了常用驱动技术压电驱动、静电驱动、磁致伸缩驱动和气动驱动的当前研究成果.总结了常用微驱动器的驱动方式及特征.提出了目前研究中存在的主要问题,在此基础上简要分析了微驱动器的发展前景.     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.