首都钢铁公司5137名男工心肌梗死发病危险因素的研究

目的　通过对 5 137名首都钢铁公司 (首钢 )男性工人平均随访 2 0 84年 ,确认中国人群心肌梗死独立的危险因素 ,了解有关因素对发病的作用强度。方法　研究对象为 1974、1979和1980年先后进行冠心病危险因素调查的首钢 5 137名男性职工 ,平均年龄 (45 2± 7 8)岁 ,对其心肌梗死的发病情况进行了平均 2 0 84年的随访 ,分析基线调查的危险因素 (年龄、血压、血清总胆固醇含量、吸烟 )和心肌梗死发病的关系。结果　 (1)年龄是心肌梗死发病的独立危险因素 ,5 0岁后心肌梗死发病率增加。当控制血压、血清总胆固醇和吸烟状况后 ,年龄每增加 5岁 ,心肌梗死的发病危险增加 2 0 %。 (2 )随血清总胆固醇水平的增加 ,心肌梗死的发病率升高 ,血清总胆固醇≥ 4 6 8mmol/L时 ,发病率增加 ;血清总胆固醇增加 0 5 2mmol/L ,心肌梗死的发病危险增加约 4 0 %。 (3)血压是心肌梗死发病的危险因素。当控制年龄、总胆固醇含量和吸烟后 ,收缩压每增加 2 0mmHg(1mmHg =0 .133kPa)或舒张压每增加 10mmHg ,心肌梗死的发病危险增加约 4 0 %。 (4)吸烟是影响心肌梗死发病最大的危险因素。当应用多元回归分析控制了血压、胆固醇和年龄以后 ,吸烟者比不吸烟者心肌梗死的发病危险增加 137%。 (5 )Cox回归结果显示 ,血压、血     

脉压对心脑血管疾病的影响

目的　探讨高血压病患者脉压对心脑血管疾病的影响。方法　收集 94 1例高血压病患者临床资料 (包括年龄、性别、脉压、合并心脑血管疾病的情况 ) ,进行统计学分析。结果　 (1)在≥ 6 0岁年龄组 :脉压 >4 0mmHg合并高血压心脏病 (CHD)的百分比小于脉压≤ 4 0mmHg组 ,P <0 .0 5 ;(2 )在 <6 0岁年龄组 :脉压 >4 0mmHg合并脑出血的百分比大于脉压≤ 4 0mmHg组 ,P <0 .0 1,而合并高心病的百分比小于脉压≤ 4 0mmHg组 ,P <0 .0 5。结论　脉压可作为预测高血压病患者心脑血管事件 (如高心病、脑出血、冠心病 )的危险因素     

上海市某社区≥40岁人群超重与肥胖及其脑卒中危险因素暴露水平的分析

目的 描述社区≥40岁人群超重与肥胖的人群分布并探讨其脑卒中危险因素暴露水平.方法 2003-2004年,在上海市奉贤区某社区整群抽取≥40岁人群11 791人,符合纳入标准且有应答者10 565人,设计统一的脑卒中危险因素调雀表,进行脑卒中常见危险因素现况调查,调查方法为面对面的询问方式,测晕身高、体重、血压等指标,进行脑血流动力学参数(CVHP)检测.描述该人群超重与肥胖的年龄、性别分布,并以60岁为截断点,分别按正常体重、超重、肥胖分成3组,比较脑卒中危险因素暴露的组问差异.进行多因素logistic回归分析.结果 男性超重与肥胖率为28.5%和4.1%,女性为26.3%和4.2%(P=0.045);超重组的收缩压和舒张压水平分别为(132.5±19.4)mm Hg和(83.9±10.5)mm Hg(I mm Hg=0.133 kPa),均低于肥胖组,高于正常体重组(P<0.05);在<60岁年龄组,心脏病、脑卒中家族史的暴露率以及≥60岁年龄组的糖尿病暴露率随BMI增加而显著升高;两个年龄组的高血压患病率和CVHP积分异常率均随BMI的增加而显著上升;多因素分析显示,与超霞和肥胖有关的独立因素分别是高血压、脑卒中家族史、心脏病史、积分值<75分、性别和年龄.结论 社区≥40岁人群中超重或肥胖的比例约占30%,脑卒中危险因素的整体暴露水平随着BMI的增加而上升,尤其在中年人群中更为明显.     

辽宁省彰武县高血压高发地区人群脑卒中患病影响因素研究

目的研究辽宁省彰武县农村高血压高发地区脑卒中患病的影响因素。方法采用整群随机抽样方法对彰武县6个乡11个村18岁以上人群5208人进行一般情况、常见脑卒中危险因素的调查,测量血压和检测血液生化指标。资料采用SPSS 10．0软件进行分析。结果该地区脑卒中标化患病率为3．10%,性别间差异有统计学意义,患病率随年龄增加而升高;多因素分析结果显示,高血压、舒张压、脉压、年龄及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)与脑卒中患病密切相关,OR值95%CI分别为:2．958(1．783～4．907)、2．803(1．934～4．062)、1．154(1．056～1．261)、1．080(1．063～1．097)、0．390(0．235～0．647)、1．422(1．008～2．006)。结论高血压尤其是高舒张压、脉压、LDL-C是彰武县农村脑卒中高发的主要危险因素,HDL-C是保护因素。     

安庆市及其周边地区人群不同血压指标与脑卒中风险的关系

目的探讨收缩压(systolic blood pressure,SBP)、舒张压(diastolic blood pressure,DBP)、脉压(PP)、平均动脉压(mean blood pressure,MAP)与脑卒中之间的关系以及收缩压与舒张压之间是否存在交互作用。方法对共58 530名1995-2005年间安庆及其周边地区流行病学研究的参与者进行回访,登记和确认脑卒中信息。用COX比例风险模型探讨不同的基线血压指标与脑卒中风险因素之间的关系。结果最终纳入分析的有21 533人,平均随访9.49年,共发生504例脑卒中。当人群血压水平维持在SBP≥100 mmHg、DBP≥75 mmHg、MAP≥85 mm-Hg或是PP≥40 mmHg的时候,脑卒中的发生风险与这些血压指标呈现正相关。没有观察到J型或者U型曲线。结论血压指标与脑卒中风险之间呈线性正相关,且血压对年轻组(35～55岁)发生脑卒中的影响更大。     

辽宁省城市地区≥40岁居民脑卒中患病现状及其相关危险因素分析

目的分析城市≥40岁居民脑卒中患病特征及其相关危险因素,为制定综合有效的脑卒中防控策略提供参考依据。方法于2018年3月—2019年2月对辽宁省辽阳市弓长岭区和刘二堡以及丹东市振安区5 424例≥40岁的常驻居民进行问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检查,采集脑卒中患病特征及其相关危险因素资料。结果辽宁省城市≥40岁居民脑卒中患病人数为292例,脑卒中患病粗率为5.4%,男性高于女性(7.2%vs 4.4%,P 0.001)。脑卒中标化患病率为3.8%,男性和女性分别为4.8%和3.4%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,男性(OR=2.25,95%CI=1.75～2.97)、超重或肥胖(OR=1.35,95%CI=1.03～1.77)、缺乏锻炼(OR=1.86,95%CI=1.31～12.65)、高血压(OR=2.84,95%CI=2.08～3.89)、糖尿病(OR=1.93,95%CI=1.49～2.50)、脑卒中家族史(OR=2.13,95%CI=1.64～2.78)等是脑卒中患病的主要危险因素。结论辽宁省城市地区≥40岁居民脑卒中患病率较高,疾病负担较重,亟待开展积极有效的脑卒中相关危险因素综合干预。     

基于随机森林算法的高尿酸血症危险因素分析

目的采用随机森林算法探讨凉山地区人群高尿酸血症(HUA)患病危险因素。方法利用中国达能膳食营养研究与宣教基金项目(DIC2013-03)数据,用随机森林模型对单因素分析有统计学意义的自变量进行重要性排序并降维,将袋外估算误差率最小的变量集纳入logistic回归模型,分析自变量的作用方向和相对危险度。结果逐步随机森林分析显示,变量数为6时袋外估算误差率最低,重要性排名前六的变量依次是年龄、体质指数(BMI)、每日菌菇类摄入量、性别、每日禽畜肉摄入量、高甘油三脂(TG)血症;logistic回归分析显示,18~34岁、≥65岁组人群HUA患病风险分别是35~44岁组的1.557、1.496倍;男性HUA患病风险是女性的2.755倍;超重(24≤BMI<28)、肥胖组(BMI≥28)HUA患病风险分别是正常BMI组的1.822、2.534倍;高TG血症组HUA患病风险是非高TG血症组的2.379倍;菌菇类高摄入组(大于10g/d)HUA患病风险是低摄入组(小于5g/d)的1.420倍;畜禽肉高摄入组(大于75g/d)HUA患病风险是低摄入组(小于40g/d)组的1.300倍。结论影响凉山地区人群HUA患病的前六位危险因素依次是年龄、BMI、每日菌菇类摄入量、性别、每日禽畜肉摄入量、高TG血症,建议加大健康生活方式、饮食习惯的宣教力度,加强对BMI、高TG血症的检测和控制。     

邹城市城区部分成年居民高血压患病及其危险因素调查

[目的 ]了解城区居民高血压患病情况及其危险因素 ,为开展高血压防治提供依据。 [方法 ] 2 0 0 3年在邹城市城区整群抽取单位、居民组 2 0岁以上人群 ,测量血压、身高、体重 ,了解高血压有关危险因素。 [结果 ]调查 3 2 5 8人 ,高血压患病率为 17 2 5 %。与高血压患病有关的危险因素有吸烟、饮酒、口味偏咸、超重与肥胖、缺少体育锻炼 (RR =1 3 4、2 2 6、1 17、3 68、2 5 9) ;父亲患高血压、脑卒中与母亲患脑卒中的子女高血压患病率较高 (RR =1 5 0、2 45、1 89) ;住在闹市区的患病率高于住在郊区的 ,住楼房的高于住平房的 (RR =2 0 6、1 65 )。 [结论 ]邹城市城区居民高血压患病率较高 ,应针对有关危险因素开展高血压防治工作。     

北京市怀柔区农村脑卒中高危人群筛查分析

目的了解北京市怀柔区50岁以上农村居民脑卒中高危人群危险因素分布情况,为社区建立脑卒中高危人群干预体系提供科学依据。方法采取整群抽样的方法,选取怀柔区户籍≥50岁农村居民1965人进行问卷调查、体格检查及颈动脉超声检查,然后将调查数据进行分析。结果≥50岁农村居民脑卒中高危人群为77.4%,除家族史、年龄为不可干预的危险因素外,主要的危险因素为高血压(56.0%),其次为吸烟(33.5%)和肥胖(22.6%)。男性主要危险因素为吸烟、高血压;女性的主要危险因素为高血压、肥胖。结论脑卒中高危人群中,高血压、肥胖患病人群和吸烟(男性为重点人群)所占比例较高,应作为脑卒中干预重点人群。     

脉压及年龄与心肌梗死间相互影响的探讨

目的　探讨脉压 (PP)及年龄与心肌梗死间的相互影响。方法　将 4 16例高血压合并 或心肌梗死患者分为 3组 :A组 (10 6例 )为高血压病合并心肌梗死组 ,B组 (14 3例 )为单纯心肌梗死组 ,C组 (16 7例 )为单纯高血压病组 ,并选取同期体检人员作为对照组D组 (96例 ) ,分析 4组人员的PP水平分布状况和对各年龄分组的PP进行比较。结果　 (1)PP最大分布区域 :A组 >70mmHg,占 32 1% ,B、D组均在 4 0～ 4 9mmHg ,分别占 38 5 %和 39 6 % ,C组在 5 0～ 5 9mmHg ,占 31.1%。 (2 )年龄增大 ,PP亦增大 ,6 0岁以上各年龄分组PPA组明显大于B、C组 (P <0 .0 1) ;6 9岁以下C组则明显大于B组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　 (1)只有高血压病者 (尤其老年人 )的PP独立于其他血压指标与心肌梗死有关 ,且当PP >70mmHg时 ,发生心肌梗死的频率明显增加。 (2 )血压正常者与高血压者心肌梗死时 ,PP范围不同 ,前者的心肌梗死不一定只与高血压及PP有关 (尤其非老年人 )。 (3)增龄与高血压是引起PP增大的主要因素。     

高血压患者的死因分析

The mortalities of 870 hypertensives, aged 35 and over, during 1986-1988 in a community were analysed, and SMRs (standardised mortality ratio) were calculated according to the data of population and mortality in the community. The results showed that, among the hypertensives, all cause death and stroke death were related to the level of systolic blood pressure beside the age. SMR analyses indicated that stroke death level in the group with hypertension was significantly higher than general population, and the extra death for all cause death, stroke and CHD (coronary heart disease) in the hypertensive group of less than 60 years old were particularly higher. However the SMR in the group of 70 or over were close to 100 or even lower than 100. It suggested that more consideration should be given to the hypertensives of younger age group (less than 60).     

Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Japanese rural communities]

BACKGROUND: In Japan, a national survey indicated that only 7% of hypertensive patients had a blood pressure less than 140/90 mmHg. There have been no reports of studies investigating all of the prevalence of hypertension, the percentage of subjects who are aware of hypertension, the percentage being treated, and the percentage that are well-controlled (awareness, treatment and control, respectively) among hypertensives in the Japanese general population. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of hypertension, and awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among hypertensives in a Japanese rural population. DESIGN: A cross-sectional analysis of base-line data of the Jichi Medical School Cohort Study. SETTING: Twelve rural communities is 8 prefectures in Japan. PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling people who participated in the health examination program in 1992-1995. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood pressure (BP) measured once in the sitting position after a 5-minute rest using oscillometric automatic BP monitors (BP203RV-II; Nippon Colin, Japan), and history of hypertension assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: We analyzed data from 11,302 subjects (4,415 men and 6,887 women). The mean (standard deviation) age was 55(12) years for men and 55(11) years for women. Mean systolic BP and diastolic BP levels were, respectively, 131(21) mmHg and 79(12) mmHg for men and 128(21) mmHg and 76(12) mmHg for women. Prevalence of hypertension (systolic BP > or = 140 mmHg or diastolic BP > or = 90 mmHg or on antihypertensive medication) was 37% for men and 33% for women. Percentages for awareness (on medication or present past history), treatment and control (both systolic BP < 140 mmHg and diastolic BP < 90 mmHg) were, respectively, 39%, 27% and 10% for men and 46%, 38% and 13% for women. CONCLUSIONS: About one third of the study popUlation were hypertensive, and awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among the hypertensives were 43%, 34% and 12%, respectively. Less than half of the hypertensives were well-controlled even when measurement bias was considered. In the rural Japanese population, improvements are required with regard to awareness, treatment and control of hypertension.     

Isolated systolic hypertension in 14 communities

In the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program, 158,906 individuals from 14 communities around the United States had their blood pressure measured in their homes in 1972-1973. Of the total population screened, 2.4% had isolated systolic hypertension (systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 160 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg). Isolated systolic hypertension was present for 0.5% of those aged 30-39 years and 6.8% among those aged 60-69 years. The prevalence in blacks and women was greater than the prevalences in both whites and men. The prevalence among those taking antihypertensive medications at the time of screening was 6.1%, and 1.9% among those not on antihypertensive medications. From the individuals with "normal" diastolic blood pressure on the single home measurement (less than 90 mmHg), a random sample of 5,032 individuals were followed for mortality for eight years. Prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension was similar in this sample to that in the total. Among those not on antihypertensive medications, 8-year life table all-cause mortality rates adjusted for age, race, and sex were 17.6% for those with systolic blood pressure greater than or equal to 160 mmHg and 7.7% for those with systolic blood pressure greater than 160 mmHg. Among this population, all of whom had a diastolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg, a multiple logistic analysis adjusting for baseline treatment status, age, race, sex, education, smoking, weight, pulse, physical activity, and systolic blood pressure revealed that each millimeter increase in systolic blood pressure was associated with approximately a 1% increase in mortality over the eight years of follow-up (p less than 0.05). Isolated systolic hypertension is both relatively common and a significant risk factor for subsequent mortality.     

Relation of mass screening blood pressure to usual 24-hour working day blood pressure variation and left ventricular hypertrophy]

Fifty-three regularly employed hypertensive men (HT group) aged 38 to 68 years, whose blood pressure measured at a health evaluation clinic was systolic blood pressure (SBP) greater than or equal to 160 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure (DBP) greater than or equal to 95, and 21 age-matched normal controls (NC group), whose SBP was less than 140 and DBP was less than 90 had their blood pressure monitored over 24 hours during a usual working day. Age and clinical pressure were 53.1 +/- 7.1 years (mean +/- SD) and 147 +/- 18/97 +/- 10 mmHg (SBP/DBP) in the HT group, and 52.7 +/- 8.9 and 117 +/- 8/78 +/- 7 in the NC group. In the HT group, blood pressure during work (146/96 mmHg) was similar to clinical blood pressure, while blood pressure at home (135/89 mmHg) was considerably lower than clinic measured values. In contrast, blood pressure variabilities in the NC group during non-sleep hours were less, and clinical measurement was lower than that at home (122/80 mmHg), and during work (126/82 mmHg). For those examined by echocardiogram (46 in HT and 21 in NC), end-diastolic left ventricular wall thickness (LVT), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) correlated most strongly with pressure during work by partial correlation analysis with age as a covariant (LVT:: SBP: r = 0.47, DBP: r = 0.53 both p less than 0.001, and LVMI:: SBP: r = 0.29, DBP: r = 0.25 both p less than 0.25). Clinical blood pressure as well as blood pressure at home and during sleep correlated significantly with LVT. These findings suggest that the blood pressure measurements obtained at a mass screening clinic, although infrequent, have important implications in relation to cardiac organ damage and for providing an estimate of blood pressure during work for hypertensives.     

Beta-carotene supplementation results in adverse ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction

OBJECTIVE: We studied the effects of beta-carotene (BC) on ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. METHODS: Myocardial infarction was induced in Wistar rats that were then treated with a BC diet (500 mg/kg of diet per day; MI-BC; n = 27) or a regular diet (MI; n = 27). Hearts were analyzed in vivo and in vitro after 6 mo. RESULTS: BC caused decreased left ventricular wall thickness (MI = 1.49 +/- 0.3 mm, MI-BC = 1.23 +/- 0.2 mm, P = 0.027) and increased diastolic (MI = 0.83 +/- 0.15 cm2, MI-BC = 0.98 +/- 0.14 cm2, P = 0.020) and systolic (MI = 0.56 +/- 0.12 cm2, MI-BC = 0.75 +/- 0.13 cm2, P = 0.002) left ventricular chamber areas. With respect to systolic function, the BC group presented less change in fractional area than did controls (MI = 32.35 +/- 6.67, MI-BC = 23.77 +/- 6.06, P = 0.004). There was no difference in transmitral diastolic flow velocities between groups. In vitro results showed decreased maximal isovolumetric systolic pressure (MI = 125.5 +/- 24.1 mmHg, MI-BC = 95.2 +/- 28.4 mmHg, P = 0.019) and increased interstitial myocardial collagen concentration (MI = 3.3 +/- 1.2%, MI-BC = 5.8 +/- 1.7%, P = 0.004) in BC-treated animals. Infarct sizes were similar between groups (MI = 45.0 +/- 6.6%, MI-BC = 48.0 +/- 5.8%, P = 0.246). CONCLUSION: Taken together, these data suggest that BC has adverse effects on ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.     

贵州省常住居民血压与睡眠时间关系调查

目的调查贵州省常住居民的睡眠时间和高血压的现状并探讨两者的关系。方法于2015-2016年基于多阶段分层抽样法,使用"中国重要心血管病患病率调查及关键技术研究的调查问卷"对贵州省15岁以上常住居民进行调查,并对其身高、体重、血压等进行体格检查。使用SPSS 22.0软件对所得数据进行描述分析和协方差分析。结果在调查的7412名常住居民中,男性3242人(43.74%),女性4170人(56.26%),总体平均年龄为(49.97±19.54)岁。调查对象中,有313例(4.22%)为睡眠时间不足,2832例(38.21%)为睡眠时间过长;正常血压2264例(30.54%),高血压患者2118例(28.58%)。在控制了年龄、BMI、疾病家族史等混杂因素后进行协方差分析,因变量为舒张压时,睡眠不足的人群舒张压比标准睡眠的舒张压高1.860 mm Hg(95%CI:0.594~3.125 mmHg,P=0.004);睡眠过长的人群舒张压比标准睡眠的舒张压高2.267 mmHg(95%CI:1.214~3.319 mmHg,P<0.001)。因变量为收缩压时,睡眠不足的人群收缩压比标准睡眠的收缩压高3.609 mmHg(95%CI:1.001~6.216 mmHg,P=0.007);睡眠过长的人群收缩压比标准睡眠的收缩压高4.322 mmHg(95%CI:2.154~6.490 mmHg,P<0.001)。结论调查对象中睡眠时间不足和睡眠时间过长的发生率较高,睡眠时间对高血压存在影响,睡眠时间不足或睡眠时间过长都会导致舒张压和收缩压的上升。     

Lack of effect on blood pressure by polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fat diets.

We carried out a blind highly controlled study to investigate the effects of a sunflower-oil-rich diet and a rapeseed-oil-rich diet on the blood pressure of normotensive subjects. Twenty-nine men and 30 women, average age 30 years (range 18-65) were first fed a baseline diet high in saturated fatty acids (19 E% (percentage of total energy), total fat 36 E%) for 2 weeks. According to the crossover design 30 subjects then received a sunflower oil diet high in polyunsaturated fatty acids (13 E%, total fat 38 E%) followed by a low erucic acid rapeseed oil diet high in monounsaturated fatty acids (16 E%, total fat 38 E%) for 3.5 weeks each. The other 29 subjects had the same diets in reverse order. At the end of the saturated fat period systolic blood pressure was 122.6 +/- 11.5(mean +/- SD) mmHg and diastolic blood pressure 75.4 +/- 7.5 mmHg; during the sunflower oil diet the figures were 119.6 +/- 10.3 and 73.9 +/- 7.4 mmHg, and during the rapeseed oil diet 120.1 +/- 11.2 and 72.6 +/- 6.4 mmHg, respectively. There was a significant difference in diastolic blood pressure only between the two oil diets (P less than 0.01). At the end of a 4 weeks' recovery period the systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the subjects were even lower (118.6 +/- 10.6 and 72.3 +/- 8.3 mmHg, respectively) than during the study. These results suggest that the dietary changes had only minor effects - if any at all - on blood pressure in healthy normotensive subjects.     

An inverse relationship between serum vitamin C and blood pressure in a Japanese community

To examine the relationship between serum vitamin C concentration and blood pressure level, a cross-sectional study was conducted. The subjects were 919 men and 1,266 women aged 40 years and over in a Japanese provincial city, Shibata, Niigata Prefecture. The mean and standard deviation of systolic blood pressure (SBP) were 134.0 +/- 20.0 mmHg for men and 128.3 +/- 20.8 mmHg for women, and those of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 81.0 +/- 11.7 mmHg and 75.8 +/- 11.4 mmHg, respectively. The mean and standard deviation of serum vitamin C were 42.5 +/- 18.6 mumol/L for men and 56.8 +/- 16.5 mumol/L for women. SBP and DBP were both inversely correlated with serum vitamin C concentration. The means of SBP or DBP were calculated for quartiles of serum vitamin C, and the significant inverse relationship was observed in any sex and age group. The inverse association persisted after adjustment for possible confounders: body mass index, serum total cholesterol, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, antihypertensive medication, and dietary intake of salt, calcium, and potassium. Serum vitamin C appeared to be inversely related with both SBP and DBP in this Japanese population, although further intervention and experimental studies were required to establish the cause-effect relationship.     

Cardiovascular risk factor profile in subjects with familial predisposition to myocardial infarction in Denmark.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: To identify possible modifiable mediators of familial predisposition to myocardial infarction (MI) by assessing the risk factor profile in individuals without MI in relation to parental occurrence of MI. DESIGN AND METHODS: Cross sectional survey of the general population. The odds of an adverse cardiovascular risk factor profile in subjects reporting parental occurrence of MI versus subjects not reporting parental occurrence were estimated by logistic regression models. SETTING: The Copenhagen Centre for Prospective Population Studies, where subjects investigated in three Danish prospective population studies are integrated. PARTICIPANTS: Subjects were 9306 females and 11,091 males aged 20-75 years with no history of MI. A total of 1370 subjects reported maternal MI and 2583 reported paternal MI. MAIN RESULTS: Increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, increased cholesterol level, low ratio between high density lipoprotein (HDL) and total cholesterol (TC), and heavy smoking, were more frequent in subjects with parental occurrence of MI than in controls irrespective of sex and age of the subjects. Maternal MI was more predictive for increased cholesterol and decreased HDL/ TC ratio than paternal MI, and the risk of an increased cholesterol level was higher in subjects aged 20-39 years than in older subjects. No differences in body mass index, triglycerides, and physical inactivity were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Subjects free of previous MI who reported a parental occurrence of MI had an adverse cardiovascular risk factor profile regarding systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, the ratio between HDL and total cholesterol, and smoking. Thus, these modifiable risk factors may be mediators of the familial predisposition to MI.     

Blood lead level and blood pressure of bus drivers in Bangkok, Thailand

This study aims to evaluate blood lead level (PbB) and blood pressure of bus drivers in Bangkok, Thailand, after the phasing out of lead in gasoline. The subjects comprised of 439 male bus drivers whose age ranged between 23 and 59 yr with the mean age of 42 +/- 8 yr. Average working experience was 10 +/- 7 yr. The mean of the systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 131 +/- 17 and 81 +/- 11 mmHg, respectively. PbB ranged from 2.5 to 16.2 microg/dl with the mean PbB of 6.3 microg/dl. Prevalence rate of systolic and diastolic hypertension among bus drivers were 23.0% and 18.2%, respectively. There were significant correlations between PbB and blood pressure both in systolic and diastolic blood pressure after controlling for age, BMI, alcohol consumption, smoking and physical exercise. However, the data on psycho-social factors which may affect on blood pressure of bus drivers were not available. Therefore, further study is needed to clarify the relationship between blood pressure and psycho-social stress among bus drivers in Bangkok. These findings suggested lead exposure at low PbB is related to increases in blood pressure.