基于双层类脂膜的去甲肾上腺素传感器

报道了去甲肾上腺素 (NE)在月桂酸 -双层类脂膜修饰的玻碳电极上的电化学行为 ,在 +0.6～ -0.2V(vs.Ag/AgCl)电位范围内 ,于pH7.0的0.01mol/L的KH2PO4-Na2HPO4 底液中 ,去甲肾上腺素产生很灵敏的氧化峰电流。氧化峰电流与去甲肾上腺素浓度在1.7×10 -5～5.9×10 -4mol/L范围内呈良好线性关系。该电极可作为检测去甲肾上腺素的新型高灵敏度电化学生物传感器     

去甲肾上腺素在聚-2,3-吡啶二羧酸修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为

制备了聚 2 ,3 吡啶二羧酸修饰玻碳电极 ,研究了去甲肾上腺素在聚合物薄膜修饰电极上的电化学行为 ,实验结果表明 :在 pH 7.4的 0 .1mol/LPBS底液中 ,聚 2 ,3 吡啶二羧酸薄膜对去甲肾上腺素的电化学氧化具有明显的催化作用 ,并可以清除去甲肾上腺素测定中的抗坏血酸干扰。去甲肾上腺素检测的线性范围是 2 .0× 1 0 -6～ 5 .0× 1 0 -5mol/L ;检出限为 7.2× 1 0 -8mol/L ,用于分析针剂样品的结果和标示值一致     

聚吖啶红修饰玻碳电极测定肾上腺素

研究了聚吖啶红修饰玻碳电极的制备及肾上腺素在此修饰电极上的电化学行为.肾上腺素浓度在1.0×10-6～1.0×10-4 mol/L的范围内与其氧化峰电流呈线性关系,回归方程为ip(10μA)=1.160+0.4390c(mol/L),相关系数R=0.9981,检出限是10-7 mol/L.实验结果表明该修饰电极能有效消除抗坏血酸的干扰,方法用于注射液中肾上腺素的检测,其回收率在93.7～100.3%范围内.     

L-半胱氨酸自组装膜电极对米吐尔的电催化及其分析应用

研究了米吐尔在L 半胱氨酸自组装膜修饰金电极上的电化学行为。米吐尔在该修饰电极上的CV曲线仅出现一对峰 ,其峰形对称 ,ΔEp =42mV ,氧化还原峰电流之比约等于 1,为可逆反应 ;扩散系数D =2 .2 4× 10 - 6 cm2 ·s- 1 。初步探讨了电催化机理。差分脉冲伏安法测定其氧化峰电流与米吐尔浓度在 5 .0× 10 - 7～ 2 .0× 10 - 5mol/L和 5 .0× 10 - 5～ 1.0× 10 - 3 mol/L范围内分段呈线性关系 ;相关系数分别为 0 .9987和 0 .9972 ;检测限 1.0× 10 - 8mol/L     

去肾上腺素在L-半胱氨酸修饰金电极上的电化学行为及其分析研究

应用循环伏安法(CV)和方波伏安法(SWV)研究了去甲肾上腺素(NE)在L-半胱氨酸自组装膜修饰金电极(L-Cys/Au)上的电化学行为。结果表明:在pH7.0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,L-Cys/Au对去甲肾上腺素具有明显的电催化作用。由方波伏安法测定的氧化峰电流在NE浓度1.0×10-6~4.0×10-5mol/L和6.0×10-5~4.0×10-4mol/L范围内分段呈线性关系,相关系数分别为0.9941和0.9962,检出限为5.0×10-7mol/L。已用于分析针剂样品。     

锇联吡啶氧化还原聚合物膜修饰电极对肾上腺素的电催化氧化及安培检测

 用电化学还原方法制备了一种锇联吡啶氧化还原聚合物(POs-EA)膜修饰电极,并研究了其在磷酸缓冲溶液中的电化学行为和对肾上腺素的电催化氧化作用. 结果表明,该修饰电极表现出较为可逆的伏安响应并对肾上腺素的电化学氧化具有良好的电催化性能. 与裸金电极相比, POs-EA膜修饰电极大大提高了肾上腺素的峰电流,降低了肾上腺素的氧化峰电位. 初步探讨了该电极上肾上腺素的电催化氧化机理. 通过检测外加电位为0.29 V时的氧化电流对肾上腺素进行检测,结果表明,其氧化电流和肾上腺素的浓度在5×10-8～1×10-5 mol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,检测限可达1.5×10-8 mol/L.     

磷脂-月桂酸膜修饰玻碳电极测定多巴胺及其电化学行为

本文报道了多巴胺 (DA)在磷脂 -月桂酸修饰的玻碳电极上的电化学行为 ,在+ 0 .7～ -0 .4V(vs.Ag/ Ag Cl)电位范围内 ,于 p H 6.4的 0 .0 1 mol/ L的 KH2 PO4 -Na2 HPO4 底液中 ,多巴胺产生很灵敏的氧化峰电流。氧化峰电流与多巴胺浓度在 3 .1× 1 0 - 7～ 1 .2× 1 0 - 4mol/ L范围内呈良好线性关系。该电极可作为检测多巴胺的新型的高灵敏度电化学生物传感器     

肾上腺素在咖啡酸修饰电极上的电化学研究

研究了咖啡酸(CFA)修饰电极的性质,测定了电极反应的动力学常数.结果表明在pH 7.0的的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,肾上腺素(Ep)在该修饰电极上产生一灵敏的氧化峰,峰电流与Ep浓度在5.0×10-6～1.0×10-4 mol/L范围内线性关系良好,检出限为7.0×10-7 mol/L.修饰电极制备简单,稳定性好.     

尿酸在普鲁士蓝修饰电极上的电化学行为及其分析应用

用恒电位电解法制备了普鲁士蓝修饰玻碳电极,研究了尿酸(UA)在该电极上的电化学行为,并提出了一种新的用于检测UA的方法。在 0. 1mol/L(pH5. 0 )的醋酸缓冲溶液中, 0. 100mol/LKCl作为支持电解质,UA在普鲁士蓝修饰电极上于 0. 470V处产生一灵敏的氧化峰,方波伏安法测定其氧化峰电流与UA浓度在 2. 5×10-6 ~2. 0×10-4 mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为 0. 9986,检出限为 1. 1×10-6 mol/L。该电极制作简单,重现性良好,可用于UA的测定。     

聚吖啶橙修饰电极的电化学行为及其对肾上腺素的电催化性能

研究了聚吖啶橙 (POAO)修饰电极及其电化学性能 ,并用于肾上腺素 (EP)的电化学测定。EP在POAO修饰电极上产生一灵敏的氧化峰 ,与裸玻碳电极 (GCE)相比 ,其峰电位负移了 2 30mV ,明显降低了EP的氧化过电位。在pH 6 .0的磷酸氢二钠 柠檬酸缓冲溶液中 ,氧化峰电流与EP的浓度在 4 .5× 10 - 7～ 9.2× 10 - 5mol L范围内呈良好的线性关系 ,检出限为 1.0× 10 - 9mol L。可用于实际样品中EP的测定     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.