地红霉素微囊制备及体外释放度的考察

目的：制备地红霉素微囊并考察其体外释放度。方法：选用生物降解材料明胶和阿拉伯胶为囊材，采用复凝聚法制备流动性粉末状地红霉素微囊。填充胶囊后与参比制剂比较体外释放行为。结果：与参比制剂比较，微囊释放度明显的提高。结论：地红霉素制成微囊剂型后，减少副作用的同时，体外释放度明显的提高。     

双嘧达莫缓释微囊的制备与体外评价

目的:研究以明胶和阿拉伯胶为囊材,将双嘧达莫微囊化的制备工艺。方法:以微囊的药物包封率为制备工艺优化指标,利用复凝聚法,通过正交实验得出微囊的最佳制备工艺条件。结果:囊材与囊心物的质量比2∶1,搅拌转速140r·min-1,固化时间3h、成囊pH4.0、成囊温度为50℃为最佳工艺条件。结论:以最佳制备工艺条件制备含药微囊,重复性好,工艺稳定,同时体外溶出实验表明,该微囊具有较好的缓释作用。     

维生素C微囊缓释片的制备及体外释放度实验

目的:研制维生素C微囊并制成缓释片剂,评价其体外释放特性.方法:采用溶剂-非溶剂法制备维生素C微囊,制成缓释片剂,采用紫外分光光度法测定其载药量,采用转篮法测定体外释放特性.结果:维生素C缓释片剂,可控制药物释放.结论:该方法工艺简单,可靠,有实用价值.     

对乙酰氨基酚复合微囊缓释栓的制备及体外释放度研究

目的:采用复凝聚法制备对乙酰氨基酚(AAP)微囊并考察其体外释药行为。制备AAP复合微囊栓剂,具有良好释放效果。方法:考察复凝聚法制备AAP微囊过程的处方和工艺因素,并进行正交试验设计,筛选出最佳条件制备AAP微囊并考察其体外释药行为。同时采用复合缓释技术(速释部分+微囊缓释)制备复合微囊缓释栓剂,考察其释药行为。结果:建立了复凝聚法制备AAP微囊方法,优化后的制备条件为:明胶阿拉伯胶囊材用量各为7 g(溶液浓度7%),药物用量为8 g,搅拌速度为300 r·min^-1,制备温度55℃。此条件制备的微囊形态圆整,粒径均匀,重复性好,包封率为(79.71±0.10)%,载药量为23.11±0.69%。微囊有缓释效果,拟合缓释方程符合一级方程。制备的复合微囊栓与普通栓剂相比,具有更好的释放效果,其中缓释过程药物释放符合Higuchi方程。结论:基于普通栓剂与复合微囊技术制备的新型AAP栓具有更佳的释药特性。     

阿替洛尔缓释微囊载药量的测定及体外释放行为研究

目的 建立以乙基纤维素为囊材的阿替洛尔缓释微囊载药量测定方法,考察pH环境对微囊释药行为的影响.方法 采用HPLC法测定微囊的载药量,固定相为Grace Smart RPC18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇-pH 3.0磷酸盐缓冲液(30∶70);流速为1 mL· min-1;检测波长为226 nm;柱温为25℃.分别以水、0.1 mol·L-1盐酸溶液、pH6.8的磷酸盐缓冲液为释放介质,采用桨法测定微囊累积释放度,应用SPSS 13.0软件对3种介质下含药微囊的释放行为进行单因素方差分析.结果 辅料对载药量的测定无影响,线性范围为8～64 μg·mL-1,r=0.999 8,平均回收率为100.2％,各项精密度符合要求.pH的变化对药物释放无影响.结论 建立的载药量测定方法良好,可用于载药量的测定.     

克拉霉素缓释胶囊的制备与体外释放度研究

目的:制备克拉霉素缓释胶囊,考察不同包衣增质量对其体外释放特性的影响。方法:采用流化床包衣工艺,以3%羟丙基甲基纤维素为黏合剂,乙基纤维素水分散体(Surelease?)为缓释包衣材料,制备克拉霉素缓释胶囊。采用高效液相色谱法测定不同包衣增质量胶囊的体外释放度,并与进口缓释片的释放度进行比较。结果:成功制备克拉霉素缓释胶囊,包衣增质量为5%、8%、11%的自制缓释胶囊与进口缓释片比较,体外释放曲线相似因子f2分别为40.3、66.8、53.3。结论:该制剂制备工艺可行,包衣增质量为8%的克拉霉素缓释胶囊体外释放与进口缓释片基本一致。     

复方甲硝唑缓释栓的制备及体外释放度考察

目的:制备适合老年人用的复方甲硝唑缓释栓,并考察其体外释放度。方法:以甲硝唑和硝酸咪康唑为主药,羟丙基甲基纤维素为骨架材料,利用热熔法制备缓释栓剂;同时采用篮法,以0.5%十二烷基硫酸钠溶液为介质,硝酸咪康唑为对象,进行体外释放度评价。结果:所制制剂外观、性状良好,可持续12h释药,体外释放行为符合Higuchi方程。结论:该制剂制备工艺合理、简单易行,并具有良好的体外释药特性,符合缓释制剂的要求。     

盐酸坦洛新缓释制剂的制备及体外释放度考察

目的研究坦洛新缓释片的处方、工艺,对其释放度进行考察。方法选用羟丙甲基纤维素(HPMC)为亲水凝胶型骨架材料,湿法制粒制备盐酸坦洛新缓释片,并采用正交实验设计优化处方;小杯桨法测定其释放度。结果优化处方组成为羟丙甲基纤维素(15M)占处方量的40%,羟丙甲基纤维素/甲基纤维素为5∶1,淀粉/乳糖为2∶1,乙基纤维素的用量为2mg/pcs;优化处方的缓释片体外释放曲线符合一级动力学程,释放度符合设计要求。结论本研究所制得盐酸坦洛新骨架缓释片具有良好的缓释效果,制备工艺合理,简单易行,可以满足盐酸坦洛新的临床需要。     

烟酸缓释骨架片的制备及体外释放度考察

目的 :制备烟酸缓释骨架片并考察其体外释放度。方法 :以国外上市 Niaspan R○ 作为对照 ,考察了 4种型号的羟丙基甲基纤维素 (HPMC)对释放性能的影响 ,并比较了缓释片在水、0 .1mol/ L 盐酸及 p H6 .8磷酸盐缓冲液三种介质中的释放度。结果 :用 Higuchi方程拟合发现 ,自制片和对照片均具有典型的缓释性能 ,而且自制片和对照片的释放度没有差别。结论 :自制的烟酸缓释骨架片工艺简单易行 ,释放度亦符合要求。     

马尼地平缓释微丸胶囊的制备及体外释放度考察

目的 制备马尼地平缓释微丸胶囊并考察其体外释放度.方法采用喷雾包衣制备载药微丸,选用羟丙基甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素作为包衣缓释材料进行缓释包衣.采用单因素筛选法,考察包衣液的比例、包衣增重、溶出介质等因素对缓释微丸释放度的影响.采用HPLC法测定主药含量,并计算其体外释放度.结果当羟丙基甲基纤维素与乙基纤维素的比例为7∶...     

萘普生缓释微囊的制备及其体外释药研究

目的 对以壳聚糖和海藻酸钠为囊材,通过复凝聚法将萘普生微囊化的制备工艺和体外释药进行研究.方法 以微囊的药物包封率为制备工艺优化指标,得出成囊的最佳制备工艺条件.结果 最佳工艺条件为:搅拌速度500 r·min-1,pH4.0,壳聚糖浓度3%,反应温度50℃.结论 以最佳制备工艺条件制备了可生物相容,自然降解无毒的载药微囊,重现性好,工艺稳定,同时体外溶出实验表明,该微囊具有较好的缓释作用.     

己酮可可碱控释片的制备及体外释放度的考察

目的：研究己酮可可碱控释片的处方工艺。方法：对片芯组成进行考察，采用薄膜包衣技术制备己酮可可碱控释片。利用相似因子对优化处方重现性进行评价。结果：致孔剂用量、渗透促进剂种类和崩解剂用量对释药曲线有明显的影响，自制片符合零级释药特征。结论：该控释片处方及制备工艺简单，重现性好，适合工业生产，同时为水溶性大剂量药物制备成控释片提供了一种新的方法。     

替硝唑阴道泡腾片的制备

替硝唑（ｔｉｎｉｄａｚｏｌｅ）为硝基咪唑类衍生物,用于治疗厌氧菌及原虫感染。对滴虫性阴道炎及厌氧菌性阴道炎的治疗,口服用药存在剂量大、毒副作用大、病发部位血药浓度低、疗效差等缺点,阴道外用栓剂,易导致药物流失及污染衣裤。我们研制了替硝唑阴道泡腾片,能克服上述缺点而充分发挥其作用［１．２］,现报道如下。１　制剂制备１．１　处方　替硝唑３０ｇ,枸橼酸１５ｇ,富马酸１０ｇ,碳酸氢钠２０ｇ,聚维酮２ｇ,低取代羟丙基纤维素０．８ｇ,硬脂酸镁０．３ｇ。制成１００片。１．２　制备　原料药替硝唑过三号筛,辅料枸…     

替硝唑聚乳酸微球的制备及其体外释药性能

目的：采用聚乳酸[poly（DL-lactide）]制备替硝唑微球。方法：考察分散递质明胶溶液的浓度、油相中聚乳酸的浓度、投药比和搅拌速度等因素的影响，应用正交实验优选最佳制备工艺条件。结果：替硝唑聚乳酸微球的最佳制备工艺稳定、重复性好，微球表面圆整，粒径分布均匀，微球平均粒径为30．2μm，平均载药量为6．7％，平均包封率为64．5％。该微球在14d的药物累积释放率达81．2％。结论：替硝唑聚乳酸微球缓释时间长达14d，用于牙周炎的治疗是有效的。     

Preparation of ranitidine hydrochloride microcapsules and its biphasic release kinetics

Abstract

The emulsion–solvent–evaporation technique has been adopted in microencapsulation of ranitidine HCl, an antiulcer drug using coating polymer Eudragit RS-100. The biphasic release kinetics of ranitidine HCl has been evaluated. A matrix mechanism predominates in the early phase of the release of drug from the micro-capsules followed by a first-order release kinetics in the second phase. Drug release from the microcapsules was determined in the light of different kinetic models like zero-order, Higuchi matrix, first-order, and Baker-Lonsdale. These have been characterized by differential rate treatment and correlation coefficient analysis. In vitro dissolution study has been carried out to evaluate diffusion coefficient (D_α) and diffusivity rate constant (k_bl) with the help of the Baker-Lonsdale model for the first phase. Similarly the first-order re-lease rate constant (k₁) and the permeability constant (P_i) for the first-order mechanism during the second phase of release have been evaluated.     

Preparation and release studies of alkannin-containing microcapsules

Microcapsules containing the pharmaceutical substance alkannin were prepared by the solvent evaporation method to enhance alkannin stability (reduce photo-oxidation, polymerization), to decrease its hydrophobicity and to control its release rate. The effect of various parameters, such as the type of polymeric matrix, the type of surfactant used for microcapsules preparation and the addition of Pistacia lentiscus resin in the core, on the characteristics of the produced microcapsules and the release rate of alkannin were investigated experimentally. Among the polymers tested for matrix, ethylcellulose of viscosity 46cp was the most successful, while ethylcellulose 10cp gave microcapsules with good morphological characteristics but high release rate. Beeswax resulted in flocculation and P. lentiscus resin with or without colophony as the matrix resulted in compact particles with no pores and much slower release, but did not allow alkannin to release easily from the matrix. Sodium dodecyl sulfate resulted in microcapsules with desirable morphological and physicochemical characteristics, while acacia and tragacanth gums were not indicated as surfactants in alkannin microencapsulation since they gave a high release rate and a great extent of particle size, respectively. The incorporation of Pistacia lentiscus resin in the capsule core increased loading and microencapsulation efficiency. Ethylcellulose of 46cp viscosity with sodium dodecyl sulfate as surfactant had the best characteristics studied for alkannin microencapsulation. Finally, the dissolution rate of alkannin from microcapsules was studied in a simulated intestinal and gastric environment and an external environment. Alkannin-containing microcapsules with improved properties can be used internally and externally as a new drug-delivery system.     

Preparation and release studies of alkannin-containing microcapsules

Microcapsules containing the pharmaceutical substance alkannin were prepared by the solvent evaporation method to enhance alkannin stability (reduce photo-oxidation, polymerization), to decrease its hydrophobicity and to control its release rate. The effect of various parameters, such as the type of polymeric matrix, the type of surfactant used for microcapsules preparation and the addition of Pistacia lentiscus resin in the core, on the characteristics of the produced microcapsules and the release rate of alkannin were investigated experimentally. Among the polymers tested for matrix, ethylcellulose of viscosity 46cp was the most successful, while ethylcellulose 10cp gave microcapsules with good morphological characteristics but high release rate. Beeswax resulted in flocculation and P. lentiscus resin with or without colophony as the matrix resulted in compact particles with no pores and much slower release, but did not allow alkannin to release easily from the matrix. Sodium dodecyl sulfate resulted in microcapsules with desirable morphological and physicochemical characteristics, while acacia and tragacanth gums were not indicated as surfactants in alkannin microencapsulation since they gave a high release rate and a great extent of particle size, respectively. The incorporation of Pistacia lentiscus resin in the capsule core increased loading and microencapsulation efficiency. Ethylcellulose of 46cp viscosity with sodium dodecyl sulfate as surfactant had the best characteristics studied for alkannin microencapsulation. Finally, the dissolution rate of alkannin from microcapsules was studied in a simulated intestinal and gastric environment and an external environment. Alkannin-containing microcapsules with improved properties can be used internally and externally as a new drug-delivery system.     

丙戊酸钠缓释片的制备及其释放度的测定

目的 研制丙戊酸钠缓释片并进行体外释放度测定。方法 采用喷雾干燥法制备丙戊酸钠微囊，通过电镜和X-射线衍射等检测方法对微囊进行质量评价。采用永停滴定法测定丙戊酸钠微囊含量及缓释片的体外释放度。结果 喷雾干燥法制备的丙戊酸钠微囊质量较好，所制缓释片体外释放符合一级动力学过程。结论 运用丙戊酸钠微囊制备缓释片的工艺简便、可靠，体外释放证明有明显的缓释作用。     

Preparation of monodisperse controlled release microcapsules

Since the handling of many active agents in its pure form has many problems, microencapsulation is used to have better properties in the product. With the patented BRACE-Processes it is possible to encapsulate a very wide range of materials in monodisperse Microspheres or Microcapsules in a diameter range of 50-6000 microm with a very narrow size distribution. The Microsphere Units from BRACE can be customer tailored to the materials and all necessary specifications as FDA, GMP/GLP, EX, CIP, WIP etc. The throughput of the BRACE Microsphere Units ranges between 10 ml per h (small laboratory scale) up to over 1000 l per h (production scale) while the production cost are very low, especially if compared directly to competitive processes as spray-drying or fluidized bed coating.