燃气轮机调节方式对IGCC系统变工况性能的影响

为选择合理的燃气轮机调节方式,采用Thermoflex软件建立了200 MW级IGCC系统模型,从系统的角度出发比较研究了燃气轮机的调节方式对燃气顶循环系统、蒸汽底循环系统和整个IGCC系统变工况性能的影响.研究表明:与压气机可转导叶(IGV)不调相比,IGV可调时更有利于提高系统的变工况性能.等燃气透平初温(T3)调...     

燃气轮机变工况对IGCC系统性能的影响

采用成熟的商业软件Thermoflex对拟在国内建设的200 MW等级IGCC示范机组进行模拟,并对其进行物质和热平衡的核算.降负荷过程中采用目前联合循环燃气轮机较为常用的IGV(压气机进口可转导叶)调节等T3(透平前温)的调节方式,分析了这种调节方式下燃气轮机负荷率对T3、T4(排气温度)、QGe(燃气轮机排气流量)系统的效率、功率、燃料量和蒸汽侧主要参数的影响,得到了IGCC系统变工况特性及各主要参数变化的一般规律,对系统在变工况时的安全性和经济性进行了必要的分析.结果表明:调节方式直接影响系统的变工况性能,在IGCC系统变工况的过程中为了保证系统的经济性和可靠性,尽量使燃气轮机在IGV调节的范围内调控.     

基于燃气轮机变工况的IGCC系统特性研究

燃气轮机是IGCC系统中的关键部件,其性能变化直接影响到整个IGCC系统。本文利用Thermoflex软件建立200MW级IGCC系统模型,主要分析燃气轮机在40％～100％负荷下的IGCC系统变工况特性。通过燃气轮机初温及其压气机进口可转导叶IGV变化,分析了燃气轮机实现降负荷调节方式,并从系统角度出发,研究了基于燃气轮机变工况的IGCC系统主要性能参数的变化。本文的研究结果对未来IGCC电站的设计和运行具有一定的参考价值。     

燃气-蒸汽联合循环变工况调节方案对比分析

针对现存PG9351FA燃气轮机对应的燃气-蒸汽联合循环,分析了3类调节方案下燃气轮机循环、蒸汽轮机循环和联合循环的变工况特性.结果表明:针对基准机组,采用IGV调节方案不利于燃气轮机循环高效运行,但有利于联合循环运行;调节方案对蒸汽轮机循环的影响大于燃气轮机循环,故联合循环效率最高的调节方案为尽量维持T4在透平出口极限温度运行,该方案对应联合循环效率在低负荷下比IGV T3-F方案对应联合循环效率提升2%以上;为了变工况运行最佳,应尽可能采用IGV调节方案并且在较高蒸汽轮机循环效率下运行.     

基于运行数据的IGCC电站燃气轮机性能分析

基于现场数据,对天津IGCC(整体煤气化联合循环)中燃气轮机建立数学模型,分析环境温度,燃料热值,透平出口温度等因素对燃气轮机性能的影响。结果表明:环境温度降低时,机组热效率迅速增大,透平进口燃气温度上升,第一级静叶表面温度迅速减小,透平冷却效果良好。压气机压比迅速减小,IGV(可调导叶)开度对环境温度变化敏感,变化幅度大。合成气热值降低时,机组热效率稳定,透平进口燃气温度与透平叶片表面温度稳定。压气机可以通过较小的IGV开度变化保证在合成气热值大幅度变化时压比保持稳定,防止喘振。透平出口温度设定值逐渐增大,透平进口燃气温度随之上升。透平第一级静叶表面温度升高,透平冷却效果恶化。过低的透平出口温度会降低机组热效率。此时IGV可以保证压气机压比与空气质量流量的变化。     

基于Matlab的IGCC燃气轮机子系统热力性能的优化分析

分析了IGCC中燃气轮机的特点和变工况规律,建立了IGCC燃气轮机子系统的优化模型,并分别以燃气轮机的出力和系统效率为目标,采用Matlab计算软件进行了优化计算.计算结果揭示了燃气轮机子系统的性能变化规律,表明空分系数和氮气回注系数是影响燃气轮机出力和IGCC系统效率的重要参数,也是优化工作的重点对象.优化结果表明:文中实例所确定的IGCC系统具有良好的热力性能.     

ГТЭ-115型燃气轮机装置

苏联—115型燃气轮机在基本和半峰工况下的功率为114MW,在尖峰工况下为119MW。当外界空气达零下时允许超负荷30％,转速为3000r/min。由压比为12.2的16级压气机、燃气初温为1140℃的4级透平以及燃用天然气/柴油的环形燃烧室组成。额定参数下的效率为33.2％,排气温度为     

微型燃气轮机冷热电联供系统变工况性能研究

设计了以微型燃气轮机为核心的冷热电联供系统并建立了该系统变工况性能分析模型.结合具体算例,对该联供系统在采用"以冷(热)定电"的模式下运行变工况时的热力性能进行了计算分析,揭示了系统在不同调节方式下的变工况性能.结果表明,回热度调节具有较宽的冷热负荷调节范围,因此微型燃气轮机联供系统特别适用于冷热负荷变化大而系统内电负荷较稳定的场合.为使系统变工况时保持较高的性能,当冷热负荷增加时应优先考虑发电功率调节,其次采用回热度调节,最后采取补燃量调节;当冷热负荷减小时宜采用相反的调节顺序.研究结果将对微型燃气轮机冷热电联供系统的设计及运行提供有益的参考和指导.     

分体式燃气轮机的变工况性能分析

采用商业软件Thermoflex对分体式燃气轮机进行模拟,建立了系统的性能分析模型,分析指出压气机转速、透平转速和燃气初温是影响系统变工况性能的主要因素,并对转速和燃气初温变化时系统的输出性能进行了计算分析.通过和共轴燃机的比较分析,得出了分体式燃气轮机的性能潜力.     

燃气轮机进口可转导叶的控制规律分析

燃气轮机进口可转导叶(IGV)控制是燃气轮机安全经济运行的基础,也是燃气轮机控制中的难点。文中从IGV的工作机理出发,深入分析了燃气轮机运行全过程中,IGV控制对喘振防止、排气温度降低和压气机耗功降低的重要作用。同时,给出了燃气轮机启停和正常运行工况时的IGV控制策略。     

IGCC系统中燃机岛特性研究

IGCC系统由气化岛、燃机岛、常规岛及其辅助系统组成,其中燃机岛对IGCC系统性能有较大的影响。本文利用ThermoFlex软件建立200MW级IGCC系统模型,从系统角度出发,研究IGCC系统中的燃机岛特性,分析燃机岛关键参数变化对IGCC系统的影响。研究结果表明：燃气轮机出力和系统发电量随着大气温度的升高而下降,随着大气压力升高而升高;系统的发电量和系统效率随燃气轮机负荷的下降而下降;燃气轮机出力和系统发电量随压气机进口空气量的减小而减少,随着通流面积的增加而增加。本系统最佳的氮气回注系数为60％及整体空分系数为20％。     

三压再热汽水系统IGCC的设计工况和变工况性能

以三压再热式汽水系统ＩＧＣＣ（整体煤气化燃气－蒸汽联合循环）为研究对象组成了整体空分ＩＧＣＣ系统方案,建立了气化炉,净化系统,燃气轮机,空分装置,余热锅炉,汽轮机各组成部件的数学模型,对ＩＧＣＣ系统的设计工况和变工况特性进行计算,分析了煤气轮机采用不同调节规律和汽轮机采用不同运行方式时对系统变工况性能的影响并提出了合理的运行方式。     

Thermodynamic analyses of a solar-based combined cycle integrated with electrolyzer for hydrogen production

In the current study, a combined steam and gas turbine system integrated with solar system is studied thermodynamically. In addition, an electrolyzer is added to the integrated system for hydrogen production which makes the current system more environmental friendly and sustainable. This system is then evaluated by employing thermodynamic analysis to obtain both energetic and exergetic efficiencies. The parametric studies are also conducted to investigate the effects of varying operating conditions and state properties on both energy and exergy efficiencies. The present results show that while gas turbine can generate 312 MW directly, 151.72 MW power is generated by steam turbine using solar collectors and exhausted gases recovered from the gas turbine. Furthermore, by adding electrolyzer to the integrated system, a total of 131.3 g/s (472.68 kg/h) hydrogen is generated by using excess electricity which leads to more sustainability system.     

Influence of system integration options on the performance of an integrated gasification combined cycle power plant

An IGCC (integrated gasification combined cycle) plant consists of a power block and a gasifier block, and a smooth integration of these two parts is important. This work has analyzed the influences of the major design options on the performance of an IGCC plant. These options include the method of integrating a gas turbine with an air separation unit and the degree of nitrogen supply from the ASU to the gas turbine combustor. Research focus was given to the effect of each option on the gas turbine operating condition along with plant performance. Initially, an analysis adopting an existing gas turbine without any modifications of its components was performed to examine the influence of two design options on the operability of the gas turbine and performance of the entire IGCC plant. It is shown that a high integration degree, where much of the air required at the air separation unit is supplied by the gas turbine compressor, can be a better option considering both the system performance and operation limitation of the gas turbine. The nitrogen supply enhances system performance, but a high supply ratio can only be acceptable in high integration degree designs. Secondly, the modifications of gas turbine components to resume the operating surge margin, such as increasing the maximum compressor pressure ratio by adding a couple of stages and increasing turbine swallowing capacity, were simulated and their effects on system performance were examined. Modification can be a good option when a low integration degree is to be adopted, as it provides a considerable power increase.     

Thermal performance prediction of a solar hybrid gas turbine

The present work focuses on a modelling procedure to simulate the operation of a solar hybrid gas turbine. The method is applied to a power generation system including an heliostat field, a receiver and a 36 MW commercial gas turbine. Heat is provided by concentrated solar power and integrated by fossil fuel. A detailed modelling of the gas turbine (GT) is proposed to predict the performance of commercial GT models in actual operating conditions. Advanced software tools were combined together to predict design and off-design performance of the whole system: TRNSYS® was used to model the solar field and the receiver while the gas turbine simulation was performed by means of Thermoflex®. A detailed comparison between the solarized and the conventional gas turbine is reported, taking into account GT electric power, efficiency and shaft speed. All thermodynamic parameters such pressure ratio, air flow and fuel consumption were compared. The main advantage of solarization is the fossil fuel saving, but it is balanced by a relevant penalty in power output and efficiency.     

Thermoeconomic modeling and parametric study of hybrid SOFC–gas turbine–steam turbine power plants ranging from 1.5 to 10 MWe

Detailed thermodynamic, kinetic, geometric, and cost models are developed, implemented, and validated for the synthesis/design and operational analysis of hybrid SOFC–gas turbine–steam turbine systems ranging in size from 1.5 to 10 MWe. The fuel cell model used in this research work is based on a tubular Siemens-Westinghouse-type SOFC, which is integrated with a gas turbine and a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) integrated in turn with a steam turbine cycle. The current work considers the possible benefits of using the exhaust gases in a HRSG in order to produce steam which drives a steam turbine for additional power output. Four different steam turbine cycles are considered in this research work: a single-pressure, a dual-pressure, a triple pressure, and a triple pressure with reheat. The models have been developed to function both at design (full load) and off-design (partial load) conditions. In addition, different solid oxide fuel cell sizes are examined to assure a proper selection of SOFC size based on efficiency or cost. The thermoeconomic analysis includes cost functions developed specifically for the different system and component sizes (capacities) analyzed. A parametric study is used to determine the most viable system/component syntheses/designs based on maximizing total system efficiency or minimizing total system life cycle cost.     

Integrated solar combined cycle system with steam methane reforming: Thermodynamic analysis

The present paper considers an integrated solar combined cycle system (ISCCS) with an utilization of solar energy for steam methane reforming. The overall efficiency was compared with the efficiency of an integrated solar combined cycle system with the utilization of solar energy for steam generation for a steam turbine cycle. Utilization of solar energy for steam methane reforming gives the increase in an overall efficiency up to 3.5%. If water that used for steam methane reforming will be condensed from the exhaust gases, the overall efficiency of ISCCS with steam methane reforming will increase up to 6.2% and 8.9% for β = 1.0 and β = 2.0, respectively, in comparison with ISCCS where solar energy is utilized for generation of steam in steam turbine cycle. The Sankey diagrams were compiled based on the energy balance. Utilization of solar energy for steam methane reforming increases the share of power of a gas turbine cycle: two-thirds are in a gas turbine cycle, and one-third is in a steam turbine cycle. In parallel, if solar energy is used for steam generation for a steam turbine cycle, than the shares of power from a gas and steam turbine are almost equal.     

以燃气轮机为核心的多功能能源系统概念与集成机理

概述以燃气轮机为核心的多功能能源动力系统;扼要叙述热工领域的狭义燃气轮机总能系统的基本概念与类型;阐述多领域交叉的广义总能系统（多能源与多输出一体化的多功能能源系统）的基本概念与类型;并从领域层面、系统集成机理与功能等各方面分析比较了两代总能系统的演变与差异;全面论述了多功能系统集成的主要原则思路与相应的核心问题。     

A methodology for improving the performance of molten carbonate fuel cell/gas turbine hybrid systems

In the present article a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) system has been developed, modeled and implemented in Matlab language. It enables definition of the optimal operating conditions of the fuel cell, in terms of electrical and thermal performance, when it is a part of a hybrid plant composed of an MCFC system, a gas turbine and a possible heat recovery system. The thermal energy, which is recoverable from the adequately treated anodic exhaust gases, is utilized in a gas turbine plant to reduce its fuel consumption. Therefore, in the present article a methodology is illustrated to calculate the optimal values of some parameters characterizing the MCFC/gas turbine integrated system in terms of the electrical, first law and equivalent efficiencies. A choice is made among the sets of values of parameters investigated to improve the performance of the same integrated system according to its use (for the production of electric energy only or for the contemporary production of electric and thermal energy). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Thermodynamic and economic optimization of a MCFC-based hybrid system for the combined production of electricity and hydrogen

In this paper, a biogas fuelled power generation system is considered. The system is based on a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) stack integrated with a micro gas turbine for electricity generation, coupled with a pressure swing absorption system (PSA) for hydrogen production.