Acrylonitrile-methyl Methacrylate Copolymer Films Containing Microencapsulated n-Octadecane

Acryionitrilv-methyi mcthacrylate copolymer was synthesized in aqueous solution by Redox. The copolymer was mixed with 10 - 40 wt% of microencapsulated n-octadecane （MieroPCMs） in water. Copolymer films containing Mi- eroPCMs were cast at room temperature in N, N- imethyiformamide solution. The copolymer of acrylonitrile-methyl methacrylate and the copolymer films containing MicroPC- Ms were characterized by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy （FTIR）, Differential Scanning Calorimetry （DSC）, Thermosravimetrlc Analyzer （TG）, X-ray Diffraction （XRD） and Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM）, etc. The mierocapsules in the films are evenly distributed in the copolymer matrix. The heat-absorbing temperatures and heat-evolving temperatures of the films are almost the same as that of the MieroPCMs, respectively, and fluctuate in a slight range. In addition, the enthalpy efficiency of MieroPCMs rises with the contents of MicroPCMs increasing. The crystallirdty of the film increases with the contents of MicroPOMs increasing.     

Mechanical properties and friction behaviors of CNT/AlSi<Subscript>10</Subscript>Mg composites produced by spark plasma sintering

The mechanical properties and friction behaviors of CNT/AlSi₁₀Mg composites produced by spark plasma sintering (SPS) were investigated. The results showed that the densities of the sintered composites gradually increased with increasing sintering temperature and that the highest microhardness and compressive strength were achieved in the specimen sintered at 450℃. CNTs dispersed uniformly in the AlSi₁₀Mg matrix when the addition of CNTs was less than 1.5wt%. However, when the addition of CNTs exceeded 1.5wt%, the aggregation of CNTs was clearly observed. Moreover, the mechanical properties (including the densities, compressive strength, and microhardness) of the composites changed with CNT content and reached a maximum value when the CNT content was 1.5wt%. Meanwhile, the minimum average friction coefficient and wear rate of the CNT/AlSi₁₀Mg composites were obtained with 1.0wt% CNTs.     

Softening–melting behavior of mixed burden based on low-magnesium sinter and fluxed pellets

A low MgO content in sinter is conducive to reduce the MgO content in blast furnace slag.This study investigated the effect of MgO content in sinter on the softening–melting behavior of the mixed burden based on fluxed pellets.When the MgO content increased from 1.31 wt% to 1.55 wt%, the melting temperature of sinter increased to 1521℃.Such an increase was due to the formation of the high-meltingpoint slag phase.The reduction degradation index of sinter with 1.31 wt% MgO content was better than that of others.The initial softening temperature of the mixed burden increased from 1104 to 1126℃ as MgO content in sinter increased from 1.31 wt% to 1.55 wt%, and the melting temperature decreased from 1494 to 1460℃.The permeability index(S-value) of mixed burden decreased to 594.46 kPa·℃ under a high MgO content with 1.55 wt%, indicating that the permeability was improved.The slag phase composition of burden was mainly akermarite(Ca_2MgSiO_7) when the MgO content in sinter was 1.55 wt%.The melting point of akermarite is 1450℃, which is lower than other phases.     

Effect of MgO content in sinter on the softening–melting behavior of mixed burden made from chromium-bearing vanadium–titanium magnetite

The effect of sinter with different MgO contents on the softening–melting behavior of mixed burden made from chromium- bearing vanadium–titanium magnetite was investigated. The results show that with increasing MgO content in the sinter, the softening interval and melting interval increased and the location of the cohesive zone shifted downward slightly and became moderately thicker. The softening–melting characteristic value was less pronounced when the MgO content in the sinter was 2.98wt%–3.40wt%. Increasing MgO content in the sinter reduced the content and recovery of V and Cr in the dripped iron. In addition, greater MgO contents in the sinter resulted in the generation of greater amounts of high-melting-point components, which adversely affected the permeability of the mixed burden. When the softening–melting behavior of the mixed burden and the recovery of valuable elements were taken into account, proper MgO contents in the sinter and slag ranged from 2.98wt% to 3.40wt% and from 11.46wt% to 12.72wt%, respectively, for the smelting of burden made from chromium-bearing vanadium–titanium magnetite in a blast furnace.     

Preparation and Properties of PCL/PLA Shape Memory Composites

Poly(lactic acid)(PLA) was blended with various polycaprolactone(PCL) components through the melt blending process for toughening modification on PLA.The tensile testing,scanning electron microscope(SEM) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) were implemented to analyze mechanical properties,disperse morphology,thermal properties and compatibility of composite materials,respectively.The shape memory performance of PCL/PLA composites was also investigated.The results showed that the elongation at break of composites increased by 10 and 15 times than pure PLA with adding 20% and30% by weight of PCL,and the yield strength retention rates were77% and 67%,respectively.The SEM showed that PCL/PLA composite was a semi-compatible system.PCL particles could be evenly dispersed in the PLA at 20% or 30% by weight PCL content,and the particle size was very small.DSC results showed a decline in Tg and Tm whereas an increase in Td with the addition of PCL.The addition of PCL could improve the shape memory performance of PLA.The shape memory performance was enhanced with the PCL content increase,but decreased with the tensile strain increase.The best temperature for shape recovery was between 60 and 70 ℃,and the shape memory performance remained 80% after 5 times recycle.     

Studies on induction hardening of powder-metallurgy-processed Fe-Cr/Mo alloys

Induction hardening of dense Fe-Cr/Mo alloys processed via the powder-metallurgy route was studied. The Fe-3Cr-0.5Mo, Fe-1.5Cr-0.2Mo, and Fe-0.85Mo pre-alloyed powders were mixed with 0.4wt%, 0.6wt%, and 0.8wt% C and compacted at 500, 600, and 700 MPa, respectively. The compacts were sintered at 1473 K for 1 h and then cooled at 6 K/min. Ferrite with pearlite was mostly observed in the sintered alloys with 0.4wt% C, whereas a carbide network was also present in the alloys with 0.8wt% C. Graphite at prior particle boundaries led to deterioration of the mechanical properties of alloys with 0.8wt% C, whereas no significant induction hardening was achieved in alloys with 0.4wt% C. Among the investigated samples, alloys with 0.6wt% C exhibited the highest strength and ductility and were found to be suitable for induction hardening. The hardening was carried out at a frequency of 2.0 kHz for 2-3 s. A case depth of 2.5 mm was achieved while maintaining the bulk (interior) hardness of approximately HV 230. A martensitic structure was observed on the outer periphery of the samples. The hardness varied from HV 600 to HV 375 from the sample surface to the interior of the case hardened region. The best combination of properties and hardening depth was achieved in case of the Fe-1.5Cr-0.2Mo alloy with 0.6wt% C.     

Porous SiC ceramics fabricated by quick freeze casting and solid state sintering

Porous SiC ceramics with uniform microstructure were fabricated by quick freezing in liquid nitrogen and solid state sintering.Poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) was added as binder and pore morphology controller in this work.The microstructure and mechanical properties of porous SiC ceramics could be controlled by the composition of the aqueous slurries.Both solid content of the slurries and PVA content impacted on the pore structures and mechanical properties of the porous SiC ceramics.The solid content of slurries and PVA content varied from 60 to 67.5 wt%and 2-6 wt%,respectively.Besides,the grain morphology of ceramics was also tailored by changing the sintering temperature from 2050 to 2150 ℃.Porous SiC ceramics with an average porosity of 42.72%,flexural strength of 59.28 MPa were obtained at 2150 ℃ from 67.5 wt% slurries with 2 wt% PVA.     

Mechanical properties and friction behaviors of CNT/AlSi_(10)Mg composites produced by spark plasma sintering

The mechanical properties and friction behaviors of CNT/AlSi_(10)Mg composites produced by spark plasma sintering(SPS) were investigated.The results showed that the densities of the sintered composites gradually increased with increasing sintering temperature and that the highest microhardness and compressive strength were achieved in the specimen sintered at 450°C.CNTs dispersed uniformly in the AlSi_(10)Mg matrix when the addition of CNTs was less than 1.5wt%.However,when the addition of CNTs exceeded 1.5wt%,the aggregation of CNTs was clearly observed.Moreover,the mechanical properties(including the densities,compressive strength,and microhardness) of the composites changed with CNT content and reached a maximum value when the CNT content was 1.5wt%.Meanwhile,the minimum average friction coefficient and wear rate of the CNT/AlSi_(10)Mg composites were obtained with 1.0wt% CNTs.     

Fabrication of solid-phase-sintered SiC-based composites with short carbon fibers

Solid-phase-sintered SiC-based composites with short carbon fibers (Csf/SSiC) in concentrations ranging from 0 to 10wt% were prepared by pressureless sintering at 2100°C. The phase composition, microstructure, density, and flexural strength of the composites with different Csf contents were investigated. SEM micrographs showed that the Csf distributed in the SSiC matrix homogeneously with some gaps at the fiber/matrix interfaces. The densities of the composites decreased with increasing Csf content. However, the bending strength first increased and then decreased with increasing Csf content, reaching a maximum value of 390 MPa at a Csf content of 5wt%, which was 60 MPa higher than that of SSiC because of the pull-out strengthening mechanism. Notably, Csf was graphitized and damaged during the sintering process because of the high temperature and reaction with boron derived from the sintering additive B₄C; this graphitization degraded the fiber strengthening effect.     

基于低镁烧结矿和熔剂性球团的综合炉料熔滴性能研究

A low MgO content in sinter is conducive to reduce the MgO content in blast furnace slag. This study investigated the effect of MgO content in sinter on the softening–melting behavior of the mixed burden based on fluxed pellets. When the MgO content increased from 1.31wt% to 1.55wt%, the melting temperature of sinter increased to 1521°C. Such an increase was due to the formation of the high-melting-point slag phase. The reduction degradation index of sinter with 1.31wt% MgO content was better than that of others. The initial softening temperature of the mixed burden increased from 1104 to 1126°C as MgO content in sinter increased from 1.31wt% to 1.55wt%, and the melting temperature decreased from 1494 to 1460°C. The permeability index (S-value) of mixed burden decreased to 594.46 kPa·°C under a high MgO content with 1.55wt%, indicating that the permeability was improved. The slag phase composition of burden was mainly akermarite (Ca₂MgSiO₇) when the MgO content in sinter was 1.55wt%. The melting point of akermarite is 1450°C, which is lower than other phases.     

共聚组分对聚丙烯腈(PAN)纤维预氧化程度的影响及其与碳纤维结构和性能的关联

利用自制碳纤维连续化试验线对两类聚丙烯腈（PAN）原丝进行了不同条件的梯度升温预氧化处理,并最终得到碳纤维。采用差示扫描量热分析（DSC）、红外光谱（FT-IR）、广角X射线衍射（WAXD）等表征手段分析了共聚组分对PAN分子链规整度的影响以及分子链规整度对预氧化、炭化过程中纤维结构转变的影响。结果表明,相对于三元共聚PAN纤维,二元共聚PAN纤维由于分子链规整度的提高,与环化反应有关的放热反应相对滞后发生;在相同的预氧化条件下,二元共聚PAN纤维能得到环化度较高的预氧化纤维,所得碳纤维的类石墨晶粒尺寸Lc也较大。结合碳纤维的拉伸强度和拉伸模量数据发现,二元共聚纤维适宜预氧化的温度要高于三元共聚纤维适宜预氧化的温度。     

含结合水的钯二亚胺催化剂催化1-辛烯水相均聚及共聚合研究

以含结合水的钯二亚胺 [(ArN=C(An)—C(An)=NAr)Pd(CH₂)₃C(O)OMe] (BAr’₄)·H₂O为催化剂,以水为分散介质,进行了1-辛烯均聚合及1-辛烯与丙烯酸甲酯（MA）的共聚合反应,通过GPC、DSC、¹H-NMR、光散射测定了聚合物的分子量、熔点、分子结构以及聚合物粒子的粒径。结果表明:该催化剂在水相聚合体系中可以催化1-辛烯的均聚合及1-辛烯与MA的共聚合反应;得到的聚合物重均分子量均可达3.3×10⁴以上,且分子量分布较窄(Mw/Mn在1.4~2.1之间);共聚物为半结晶性聚合物,Tg为-34.8℃,Tm为32.3℃,聚合所得均聚物和共聚物的支化度均较高;共聚合可得到较为稳定的乳液体系,光散射测得乳胶粒子的粒径约为266nm。     

MA/AA水相聚合及性能评价

合成了马来酸一丙烯酸共聚物阻垢剂,对引发剂用量、溶剂水量、催化剂用量以及反应温度等影响反应结果的主要因素,通过实验进行优选。结果表明:在马来酸酐50份、丙烯酸11份固定的条件下。采用引发剂25份、溶剂水15份、催化剂0.03份、反应温度100℃、反应时间4h,合成的共聚物阻垢效果最佳。静态阻垢性能测试结果(按照Q/SYDQ0833-2002标准进行评价),阻垢率达82.5%。其效果优于马来酸单聚物,且成本低于1:1摩尔比的马丙共聚物。     

Crystallization Behavior of Copolymer Poly(ethylene terephth-alate/isophthalate)(IPET)

The non-isothermal crystallization kinetics, isothermal crystallization and the morphology of crystals of the copolymer poly ( ethylene terephthalate/ isophthalate ) (IPET) were studied by DSC and polarized-light microscopy in this paper. DSC results indicate that the glass transition temperature Tg of IPET is slightly lower than that of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET), but the melting temperature Tm and the crystallization temperature Tc of PET and IPET have much difference. The difference of Tc between PET and IPET2 is about 7℃, and the difference of Tm between PET and IPET2 is about 16℃. From the kinetics analysis of the crystallization, the crystallization mechanism of all samples is of three-dimension spherulitic growth from instantaneous nuclei and the incorporation of isophthalate (IPA) decreases the crystallization rate of IPET greatly. The isothermal results indicate that the morphologies of PET and IPET crystals are all spherulite, which is in conformity to the results of non-isothermal d     

AN/VAc/MAS序列结构的表征

研究了用红外光谱法分析 AN/VAc/MAS的共聚物组成及序列分布,比较了 AN/VAc与 AN/MA共聚物质序列分布。研究表明:共聚物中VAC含量低于10％时,大分子主键上VAc-VAc键接的可能性很小,说明了 VAc单元比较均匀地分布在大分子主键上,这对于纤维性能的均一稳定非常有利。第二单体VAc代替MA完全可行。     

悬浮态乳液聚合制备疏松多孔型丙烯腈/丙烯酸甲酯共聚物

以水为分散相,丙烯腈（AN）和丙烯酸甲酯（MA）为连续相,聚乙烯醇（PVA）为分散剂,采用悬浮态乳液聚合工艺合成了疏松多孔型丙烯腈/丙烯酸甲酯共聚物.用扫描电镜、激光衍射粒度分析仪、比表面积及孔隙度分析仪对共聚物的形态、粒径大小及分布进行了表征.系统研究了引发剂浓度、温度、水油比、分散剂用量等条件对共聚物形态与结构的影响.结果表明：随引发剂浓度的增加和温度的升高,聚合物粒径分布变宽;低的引发剂浓度对孔径分布的影响较小,但当引发剂浓度进一步升高时,虽然孔径分布并没有显著改变,但孔体积迅速增大;孔径分布随温度和水油比的升高变化并不明显.悬浮态乳液聚合工艺制得的AN/MA共聚物粒径为10—500μm.     

衣康酸酐与L-丙交酯共聚物的制备与性能研究

以衣康酸酐(IAn)和L-丙交酯(LLA)为单体、辛酸亚锡为催化剂,采用熔融开环聚合的方法合成一种新型的生物基聚乳酸共聚物(IAn-PLLA).用1 H-NMR、GPC、DSC、TGA、XRD、水降解测试表征共聚物的结构与性能.1 H-NMR结果表明,合成的共聚物为预期产物;DSC和TGA分析表明,随着IAn摩尔比增大,IAnPLLA的熔点和玻璃化转变温度降低,但仍有较好的热稳定性;磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH=7.4)中的降解测试结果表明,随着衣康酸酐含量的增加,共聚酯的降解速率显著提高.     

毛细管气相色谱法测定白芍中有机氯农药的含量

在建立白芍中七氯、环氧七氯及滴滴涕异构体含量的气相色谱分析方法中,样品以石油醚加丙酮在索氏提取器中提取,提取液以浓硫酸净化;采用DB-5(30 m×0.25 mm×0.25μm)弹性石英毛细管柱分离样品;以GC-ECD检测农药七氯、环氧七氯及滴滴涕的含量(色谱条件:载气为N2(99.999%,1.5 mL/min);分流比为2.3∶1;进样器温度为200℃,检测器测试为330℃,柱升温程序是从100℃(保持0.5 min)开始以15℃/min升至200℃保持1.0 min),再以4℃/min升至240℃(保持7 min);方法的加标平均回收率为96.27%~100.3%,精密度为2.0%~6.9%。     

AM／AN／AA／淀粉四元接枝共聚物的合成与钻井液性能

采用丙烯酰胺、丙烯腈、丙烯酸为单体,在一定温度和引发剂作用下,与淀粉接枝共聚制得AM／AN／AM淀粉四元接枝共聚物,初步评价了其钻井液性能。结果表明,AM／AN／AM淀粉四元接枝共聚物在淡水钻井液、饱和盐水钻井液和复合盐水钻井液中均具有优良的降滤失作用和较好的耐温（抗温≥150℃）、抗盐（抗NaCl至饱和）和抗钙（≥20％）离子污染的能力,并对泥页岩具有较强的抑制包被性。     

SMA共聚物玻璃化转变温度测定条件的优化

本文利用差示扫描量热法（DSC）研究了气氛、升温速率、试样量和载气流速对苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物（SMA）玻璃化转变温度的影响,并用优化后的条件考察了上海石油化工研究院自制SMA样品的玻璃化转变温度。实验结果表明,在试样量10 mg左右、氮气流速40 mL/min、升温速率20 ℃/min的优化条件下,测定结果良好,经验证,DSC与动态机械热分析(DMTA)所测得的Tg基本一致,表明优化后的条件很适合SMA玻璃化转变温度的测定,此结果有助于SMA的生产和应用。