表达Ki67-siRNA的溶瘤腺病毒抑制人肾癌ACHN细胞Ki67基因表达及增殖研究

目的:研究表达Ki67-siRNA的溶瘤腺病毒(ZD55-Ki67)对肾癌ACHN细胞Ki67基因表达及增殖抑制作用.方法:ZD55-Ki67、溶瘤腺病毒ZD55、表达Ki67-siRNA的增殖缺陷腺病毒Ad-Ki67感染人肾癌ACHN细胞.Western印迹法检测E1A表达;逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)、Western印迹、免疫组织细胞化学法检测Ki67表达;原位末端标记法(TUNEL)检测细胞凋亡;MTT法检测细胞存活;结晶紫染色法检测细胞毒作用.结果:感染ZD55-Ki67、ZD55的ACHN细胞表达E1A;抑制Ki67表达作用依次为ZD55-Ki67＞Ad-Ki67＞ZD55.ZD55-Ki67、ZD55、Ad-Ki67感染的ACHN细胞凋亡率(%)分别为(56.3±3.1)、(25.3±2.5)、(37.0±3.0),均显著高于对照组(5.5±2.1)(P＜0.01),每种病毒之间均有显著差异(P＜0.01);存活率(%)分别为(40.9±2.2)、(71.3±6.6)、(86.8±3.1),每种病毒之间均有显著差异(P＜0.01);对ACHN细胞的细胞毒作用ZD55-Ki67＞ZD55＞Ad-Ki67.结论:表达Ki67-siRNA的溶瘤腺病毒具有显著的抑制肾癌ACHN细胞Ki67基因表达、诱导凋亡、杀伤肾癌细胞作用.     

K-ras反义核酸抑制肺腺癌细胞A549的生长

目的: 探讨K-ras反义核酸抑制肺癌生长的机制。方法: 应用Western blotting检测K-ras基因在6例肺腺癌标本和A549细胞中的表达;构建K-ras基因的反义表达载体(命名为antisense-K-ras-pcDNA3.1),转染后,MTT法测细胞的生长曲线,Annexin V检测细胞凋亡;Western blotting检测cyclin A、cyclinD1、cyclinE、CDK2、CDK4、P53、Rb和caspase-3的表达。结果: 在A549细胞和6例肺腺癌标本中,A549细胞和4例标本中K-ras基因高表达;MTT结果显示从第4 d开始,转染K-ras反义核酸的细胞生长明显受到抑制,而且细胞凋亡现象较明显;Western blotting显示转染反义K-ras基因的细胞中cyclin A、cyclin D1、cyclin E、CDK2和CDK4的表达降低,而caspase-3、P53和Rb的表达升高。结论: K-ras基因反义核酸能够抑制细胞生长,可能与cyclin A、cyclin D1、cyclin E、CDK2和CDK4的表达降低和caspase-3、P53、Rb的表达升高有关。     

血管内皮生长因子基因反义核酸体外抑制K562细胞生长及机理研究

目的:探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)反义核酸抑制K562细胞生长的机理;以及反义药物的量效和时效关系,揭示VEGF基因新的功能。方法:用反义核酸X7,20-mer,全硫代修饰;以脂质体介导进行转染,细胞培养72h,用MTT法计算细胞生长抑制率,采用台盼蓝拒染法每24h观察细胞存活情况并计数,用Giemsa染色观测细胞形态学改变,用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡百分数。结果:反义药物对K562细胞生长有明显抑制作用,呈剂量依赖关系,并且下调VEGF蛋白的表达,反义药物对K562细胞的凋亡无影响。结论:VEGF反义药物抑制K562细胞生长的机理是抑制细胞增殖,而不是促进细胞凋亡,内源性VEGF蛋白具有促进K562细胞增殖的功能。     

尖锐湿疣角质形成细胞凋亡及Ki-67的表达

目的：研究尖锐湿疣（ＣＡ）角质形成细胞的凋亡及Ｋｉ－６７的表达及其相关性。方法：对４８例ＣＡ采用ＴＵＮＥＬ技术原位检测其细胞的凋亡,用免疫组化方法,观察Ｋｉ－６７阳性的表达。结果：表皮中见到典型的凋亡细胞,表皮各层中有较多Ｋｉ－６７阳性细胞。病理严重度与凋亡指数无显著差异性（Ｐ〉０．０５）;与Ｋｉ－６７阳性细胞指数比较则有显著差异性（Ｐ〈０．００５）。凋亡细胞与Ｋｉ－６７阳性细胞之间呈负相关（ｒ＝     

RNAi沉默livin基因对裸鼠移植瘤生长及Ki67蛋白表达的影响

目的利用慢病毒携带的livin基因短发夹RNA(shRNA)干扰裸鼠移植瘤中Livin蛋白表达,探讨其对肺腺癌裸鼠移植瘤生长及Ki67蛋白表达的影响。方法建立肺腺癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型,待移植瘤长至100mm3左右时,以携带livin基因shRNA慢病毒载体注入移植瘤,观察肿瘤生长情况。用免疫组织化学方法检测各组Livin蛋白、Ki67蛋白表达,分析二者相关性。结果 livin基因shRNA干预组与空白对照组和阴性载体对照组相比,瘤体生长减缓,移植瘤质量明显减小(P<0.01),Livin蛋白、Ki67蛋白的表达明显降低(P<0.01,P<0.01),且Livin蛋白与Ki67蛋白的表达呈正相关(r=0.54,P<0.01)。结论利用livin基因shRNA可抑制移植瘤生长,Livin蛋白表达明显降低,Ki67蛋白的表达也降低,两者呈显著正相关。     

凋亡抑制蛋白Livin和Ki67在胃癌的表达及临床意义

目的探讨凋亡抑制蛋白Livin和Ki67在胃癌的表达及临床意义。方法采用免疫组织化学SP法检测60例胃癌（其中男性44例,女性16例,年龄41～77岁,中位年龄58_3岁）和30例癌旁正常组织中Livin蛋白和Ki67蛋白的表达情况。结果Livin蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达（58．3％）明显高于癌旁正常组织（3.3％）,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;Livin蛋白的表达与临床分期、病理组织分级和淋巴结转移呈正相关（P〈0．05）;Ki67蛋白在胃癌组织中表达（66．7％）明显高于癌旁正常组织（0％）,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;Livin蛋白表达与Ki67蛋白表达呈正相关（r=0．482,P〈0．05）。结论Livin蛋白在胃癌组织中表达上调,提示其可能在胃癌发生、发展中起重要作用,有望成为胃癌诊断和基因治疗的新靶点。Livin蛋白和Ki67蛋白可能在胃癌癌变中起协同作用。     

Ki—67和p53蛋白的表达,细胞凋亡与鼻咽癌预后的关系

Ｋｉ－６７和ｐ５３蛋白的表达、细胞凋亡与鼻咽癌预后的关系韩昱晨贾心善任女燕萍后藤正道佐藤荣一一、材料与方法１．随机收集１９６４～１９８７年中国医科大学病理学教研室鼻咽癌病例标本，从中挑选有完整随访记录（由第一临床学院肿瘤放疗科提供）及组织蜡块（放疗前...     

端粒酶反义核酸对乳腺癌细胞生长的抑制作用

为了探讨针对人类端粒酶RNA（hTR）基因的反义寡核苷酸（AS－ODN）对乳腺癌细胞系MCF－7的影响，将AS－OND作用于细胞。进行细胞计数，MTT比色法测细胞生长抑制率，PCR－ELISA法测端粒酶活性，流式细胞仪测细胞周期与凋亡。结果表明该AS－ODN能抑制MCF－7细胞生长，降低端粒酶活性并诱导细胞凋亡。针对hTR的AS－ODN对治疗恶性肿瘤有潜在意义。     

Brk在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及与Ki67表达的关系

目的探讨乳腺肿瘤激酶(breast tumorkinase,Brk)在非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lungcancer,NSCLC)的表达及与临床病理因素,Ki67表达之间的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测105例NSCLC及相应癌旁正常肺组织中Brk和Ki67的表达,采用Western Blot方法检测30例新鲜肺癌组织及其癌旁正常肺组织中Brk的表达情况。结果 Western Blot结果显示NSCLC中Brk蛋白表达水平显著高于癌旁正常肺组织(P<0.01)。免疫组织化学结果发现Brk在NSCLN的细胞浆阳性率为51.4%(54/105),明显高于其在癌旁正常肺组织的细胞浆阳性率18.1%(19/105,P=0.003)。Brk在NSCLC细胞浆的阳性表达与肿瘤的大小(P=0.042),淋巴结转移(P=0.012),TNM分期(P=0.042)正相关;Ki67的表达与肿瘤的大小正相关(P=0.033);Brk在细胞浆中的表达与Ki67表达呈正相关(r=0.217,P=0.026)。结论 Brk在NSCLC的细胞表达上调,与肿瘤大小,淋巴结转移,TNM分期正相关;Ki67表达与肿瘤的大小正相关;Brk与Ki67的协同表达可能是促进NSCLC进展的重要因素。     

反义锁核酸封闭c-myc第二外显子翻译起始区对肝癌细胞凋亡的影响

目的:探讨针对c-myc第二外显子翻译起始区的反义锁核酸对肝癌细胞活力和凋亡的影响。方法:设计合成能特异性封闭c-myc基因第二外显子翻译起始区的反义寡核苷酸、硫代寡核苷酸和锁核酸,分别以阳离子脂质体介导转染HepG2细胞,采用RT-PCR检测细胞内c-Myc的mRNA表达变化;Western blot检测细胞内cMyc的蛋白表达变化;流式细胞技术检测细胞凋亡情况;MTT法检测反义锁核酸的细胞毒性作用。结果:转染第5天后,反义锁核酸组c-Myc的mRNA相对表达量为0.335±0.016,明显低于对照组(P0.05);c-Myc蛋白相对表达量为0.448±0.037,也明显低于对照组(P0.01);凋亡细胞比例为32%±6%,显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:针对c-myc第二外显子翻译起始区的反义锁核酸能有效促进肝癌细胞的凋亡。     

Ki67、CyclinD1和E-cad在皮肤鳞状细胞癌中的表达及意义

目的探讨ki67、CyclinD1和E-cad在皮肤鳞状细胞癌中的作用。方法采用免疫组化SP法检测ki67、CyclinD1和E-cad在35例皮肤鳞状细胞癌组织的表达,并以10例正常皮肤组织作为对照。结果 ki67、CyclinD1在皮肤鳞状细胞癌组织中表达显著高于正常对照组(P0.05),且与肿瘤分级相关(P0.05);E-cad在皮肤鳞状细胞癌组织中表达明显低于正常对照组(P0.05),与肿瘤分级相关(P0.05);ki67与CyclinD1在皮肤鳞状细胞癌中表达呈正相关(r=0.551,P0.05);ki67与E-cad在皮肤鳞状细胞癌中表达不相关(P0.05);CyclinD1与E-cad在皮肤鳞状细胞癌中表达不相关(P0.05)。结论 ki67和CyclinD1在皮肤鳞状细胞癌中阳性表达上调;ki67、CyclinD1和E-cad均与肿瘤分级相关,可以作为判断皮肤肿瘤恶性程度的指标。     

Prognostic significance of p27Kip1, p45Skp2 and Ki67 expression profiles in Merkel cell carcinoma, extracutaneous small cell carcinoma, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma

AIMS: To compare the immunohistochemical expression of prognostic markers p27(Kip1), p45(Skp2) and Ki67 in Merkel cell carcinoma (primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, MCC), small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of lung and urinary bladder (SNC), and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). METHODS AND RESULTS: Immunohistochemistry was performed using antibodies directed against p27(Kip1), p45(Skp2) and Ki67 on 72 tumour cases: 24 MCC, 25 SCC, and 23 SNC (15 from the lung and eight from the urinary bladder). Percentages of positive cells were determined for each marker and statistically analysed. Expression profiles on MCC and SCC were significantly different for all three markers. MCC and SNC exhibited significant similarities in their p27(Kip1) and p45(Skp2) expression profiles. In contrast, MCC and SNC differed significantly in their Ki67 proliferation indices, which were much higher in SNC. Additionally, MCC cases showed an association between increased proliferation indices and the appearance of local recurrence(s) and/or metastases. CONCLUSION: The immunohistochemical profile of MCC differs from that of SCC, in spite of their common oncogenesis and the supposed metaplastic origin of MCC, and resembles that of SNC, except for Ki67 levels, which were higher in the latter (characterized by greater biological aggressiveness). High levels of Ki67 also appear to be a prognostic factor in MCC.     

VHL mutations and their correlation with tumour cell proliferation, microvessel density, and patient prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene are considered critical for the initiation of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The VHL protein is involved in regulation of the cell cycle and neo-vascularization. In this study, the association of VHL mutations with tumour cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and clinical outcome was analysed in 113 clear cell renal cell carcinomas. The degree of angiogenesis and tumour cell proliferation was immunohistochemically determined by counting microvessels (microvessel density, anti-CD34 antibody) and cells with proliferating activity (Ki-67 labelling index, MIB-1 antibody). Forty-eight different VHL sequence alterations were found in 38 of 113 patients (34%) by direct sequencing. Nineteen VHL mutations were frameshifts and nonsense mutations, predicted to change the open reading frame of VHL. These 'loss-of-function' mutations correlated with worse prognosis in univariate analysis (p=0.02). Tumour grade, stage, microvessel density, and tumour cell proliferation were not associated with VHL alterations. These findings may indicate that 'loss-of-function' VHL mutations are involved in the progression of a clear cell renal cell carcinoma subset, whereas regulation of angiogenesis and proliferation of renal carcinoma in vivo is apparently not directly influenced by VHL alterations.     

肾细胞癌中抑癌基因PTEN的表达及生物学意义

目的 :研究抑癌基因PTEN在肾细胞癌的表达及其生物学意义。方法 :应用免疫组织化学S P法检测 5例正常肾组织、18例癌旁肾组织和 40例肾细胞癌组织中抑癌基因PTEN的表达。结果 :5例正常肾组织和 18例癌旁肾组织均有较强的PTEN蛋白的表达 ,二者PTEN蛋白的表达强度、阳性细胞的分布形式无差异。抑癌基因PTEN在肾细胞癌中的表达不同于正常肾组织和癌旁肾组织 ,12 5 %的肾细胞癌呈PTEN蛋白阴性 ;17 5 %的肾细胞癌PTEN蛋白呈弱阳性 ;70 %的肾细胞癌PTEN蛋白呈阳性或强阳性 ,与癌旁组织PTEN蛋白的染色强度无差异。PTEN蛋白阴性的肾细胞癌 ,肾门淋巴结转移率为80 % ;PTEN蛋白阳性的肾细胞癌 ,肾门淋巴结转移率为 2 0 %。PTEN蛋白阴性肾细胞癌的肾门淋巴结转移率与PTEN阳性肾细胞癌的肾门淋巴结转移率比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :肾细胞癌中存在着抑癌基因PTEN的表达缺失和异常 ;抑癌基因PTEN的表达异常可能与肾细胞癌的发生、发展有关 ,抑癌基因PTEN是肾细胞癌的一种新的相关基因。     

Combination of metformin and valproic acid synergistically induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Objective: To investigate the antitumor activity of metformin combined with valproic acid (VPA) on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines. Methods: The effects of metformin combined with VPA on the viability of 786-O and caki-2 cell lines were evaluated by MTT assay. The inhibitory effect of combination of the two drugs was analyzed by the Chou and Talalay method. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze cell cycle and cell apoptosis. Results: MTT assay showed that both metformin and VPA decreased 786-O and Caki-2 cells viability in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. In 786-O cells, metformin combined with VPA had a synergistic inhibitory effect (CI < 1) when the inhibition effect was ≥ 0.3. In Caki-2 cells, metformin combined with VPA had a synergistic inhibitory effect (CI < 1) when the inhibition effect was ≥ 0.4. Metformin and VPA combination elicited significant apoptosis compared to drug used alone (P < 0.05). Furthermore, metformin and VPA acted synergistically to arrest 786-O and Caki-2 cells in G₀/G₁ phase. Conclusion: We highlighted for the first time that metformin combined with VPA could significantly increase anti-ccRCC effect through synergetic effect; its possible mechanisms were inducing apoptosis and adjusting cell cycle.     

Overexpression of the myc target gene Mina53 in advanced renal cell carcinoma

The myc target gene Mina53 was reported to be overexpressed in esophageal cancer with a poor prognosis. The purpose of the present study was to examined Mina53 expression and its relationship to clinicopathological parameters in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Mina53 and Ki-67 expression was examined on immunohistochemistry for 64 surgically resected RCC and non-cancerous tissue. In addition, the relationship between Mina53 expression and clinicopathological prognostic factors of RCC such as age, stage, microvenous invasion (MVI), histological subtype, Ki-67 labeling index (LI), and prognosis, was examined. Mina53 was expressed in the nuclei of tumor cells and tubular nuclei of normal renal tissue. The expression level of Mina53 was significantly higher in patients with poor prognostic factors (stage IV, MVI-positive, and sarcomatoid RCC, and high Ki-67 LI). The prognosis of high Mina53-expressing tumors was significantly poorer than that of non-Mina53-high tumors (P < 0.0001). In conclusion, Mina53 is overexpressed in RCC tissue from patients with poor prognostic factors, suggesting that Mina53 overexpression is one of the factors for poor prognosis in RCC.