塞罕坝华北落叶松人工林立地质量评价

以华北落叶松人工林为研究对象,基于塞罕坝机械林场2012年森林资源二类调查数据,选取立地因子(坡向和土层厚度)和林分因子(树高和林龄),应用统计学方法划分立地类型,利用理查德(Richard)函数拟合立地指数,构建华北落叶松树高曲线,编制地位指数表,并对该区不同林龄(幼龄林、中龄林和近熟林)华北落叶松的6种立地类型进行立地质量评价,结果表明:阳坡中层土和阴坡厚层土立地质量为Ⅰ级,平均立地指数分别为12.15m、11.55m;阳坡厚层土和阴坡中层土立地质量为Ⅱ级,平均立地指数分别为11.39m、11.16m;阴坡薄层土和阳坡薄层土立地质量分别为Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级,平均立地指数分别为10.85m、9.87m。     

伊春市落叶松人工林立地质量评价

将伊春林区落叶松人工林的调查资料,按不同的坡向和坡位分成六个立地类型组,分别建立立地质量数量化模型,并对伊春林区的落叶松人工林的主要立地类型进行立地质量评价。不同的立地类型组的数量化模型,确定了各立地类型组中影响林木生长的主导因子及各因子的得分贡献。     

落叶松人工林立地类型的划分

运用数学方法对影响落叶松人工林立地类型的主导因子进行了确定,并把落叶松人工林的立地条件类型划分为4种类型,给出了判断依据,以达到适地适树、速生丰产的目的。     

东京城林业局落叶松人工林立地质量评价

通过对东京城林业局落叶松林的调查,运用数量化理论Ⅰ,根据贡献值排序筛选出主导立地因子为海拔、土层厚度和坡向。用3个主导立地因子把样地划分为16个立地类型区,构建落叶松立地质量评价模型,用这一模型对东京城地区落叶松立地质量进行数量化评价。评价结果表明:16个立地类型可区划分出优、中、差3个等级;经模型检验表明,模型精度达到要求。     

小兴安岭落叶松人工林立地指数表的编制

通过对小兴安岭8个林业局各种不同立地条件下落叶松人工林的调查,选设88块标准地的优势木和平均木,编制出落叶松人工林立地指数表,实现了合理经营落叶松人工林的目的。     

毕拉河林业局兴安落叶松人工林立地评价

文章通过对毕拉河林业局兴安落叶松人工林立地类型的评价,为人工林集约经营、定向培育提供基础数据。     

Dynamics of soil nutrients in larch plantations

IntroductionThesoildegradationofaFtificialforestisthecoreofresearchforplantationtostabilityandafforestationinChina.lnrecentyears,studiesonsoilfertiIityofplantationshavegradua[Iyincreased.forChinesefir,massonpine,popIar,Iarch,etc.Manyspecificmeas-ureshavebeenputfotwardtomaintainthesoilfertil-ityIevelinaFtificialforest(Pan1997,Yan1997lYan1996).owingtovariabilityofsoilfertilityinplantation,ithasmanydifficuItiestostudythesoiIfertility.Forexample,thesoiIsampIeplothastobemovedhori-zontalIyino…     

EVALUATION OF SITE QUALITY FOR DAHURIAN LARCH FORESTS

INTRODUCTIONSitequalityisoneofthemostimpor-tantfactorsinfluencingtheproductivityofforeststands.Eva1uatingsitequalityisba-sictostudystandgrowthanddeviseman-agementtreatments.Basisofsitequalityissoil,whichhasacontrollinginfluenceontheforestproductivity-Soilpropertieschangeslowlyovertime,andsoilindexcanbeappliedincutover,deforested,andnonforestedareasinadditiontoareaswheretimberstandsarepresent.Underundisturbed,naturalconditions,somein-dicatorplantscomprisingthelesservegeta-tionmaybeassociat…     

黑龙江东部地区落叶松人工林削度方程研究

文章以佳木斯孟家岗林场的不同年龄、不同密度及不同立地条件的落叶松人工林为研究对象，选取130株样木，测定每株样木15个相对高处的带皮直径，采用非线性回归模型的参数估计方法拟合5个削度方程，根据所计算各削度方程的拟合统计量和残差分析，选择最佳削度方程。研究结果表明，模型V-修正Kozak（1994）式为拟合效果最好的落叶松人工林可变参数削度方程。该模型拟合精度高，而且预测误差低、预估精度高，可以很好地估计落叶松不同林木大小任意部位的去皮直径或任意小头直径时的材长，为编制落叶松人工林材种出材率表提供基础。     

Soil nitrogen status of larch plantations in comparison with secondary broad-leaved forest

IntroductionSoildegradationofsouthernChinesefir(CunnhaamialanceolaIe)pIantationshavebeenCon-tinuaIlyreiorted(ShenWeitongl992;Che11BingI1aol992;FangQil992).lnthenortI1eastforestregionsofChina,larch(LarirohensisandLa)`ixgInelinii)planta-tionsmade7opercentoftheman-madeforests,andthechangesinsoilpropertiesundertI1econiferouspIanta-tionshavealsodrawnmuchattentionofmanyforesters.OurobjectivewastoexaminethedifferenceinsoilnitrogenstatusbetweenLarchp1antatiol1sandsecon-darybroad-Ieavedforests(…     

Effects of the second-generation larch plantations onsoil fertility and tree growth

Larch is one of the most important plantation species in the northeast region of China. After clear cutting of larch plantations it is the urgent problem to besolved that whether the second generation is continuously plant6d, whether the soil fertility is decreasing and the plantstion is how to be managed onthe forestry produCtion. In odder tO realize the secondgenerahon Of larch plantstions and to provide thetheoretical base and the reasonable managementmeasures, we inventoried the groWth o…     

海州露天矿排土场立地类型划分及立地质量评价

排矸年限是影响矸石风化程度、土壤理化性质、植被种类及生长状况的主导因素,因此,按照排矸年限可将海州露天矿排土场划分为四种立地类型:Ⅰ类矸石山排矸年限50 a,风化层厚度50 cm,土壤结构较好,物理理化指标均高于其他类型矸石山;适生植物种类较多,具备了进行人工植被恢复的良好条件。Ⅱ类矸石山排矸年限30~50 a,风化层厚度40 cm,土壤结构良好,物理指标低于Ⅰ类矸石山高于Ⅲ、Ⅳ类型矸石山;适合于抗逆性强的灌木或乔木树种。Ⅲ类矸石山排矸年限10~30 a,风化层厚度25 cm,土壤结构一般,土壤通气性较差;植被恢复时应采取一些辅助措施。Ⅳ类矸石山排矸年限10 a,风化层厚度10 cm以下,地温高,且有自燃现象,几乎无风化层、无土壤团粒结构;尚不能进行植被恢复。     

Use of GIS-derived environmental factors in predicting site indices in Japanese larch plantations in Hokkaido

The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the effects of environmental factors derived from GIS on tree-height growth of Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) and (2) to develop a best-fit regression model for its site index. Based on data from 40 sample plots situated in an even-aged (38 years), pure, and undamaged Japanese larch stand, multiple regression models for a site index of Japanese larch were constructed using environmental factors as independent variables. The average slope gradient, effective relief, distance from ridge, flow accumulation, degree of exposure, shading, solar radiation index, and gravitational water index were used as environmental factors and calculated on GIS using digital elevation model data. These factors were related to the Japanese larch site index through multiple-regression analysis. The result showed that the most effective factor for estimating site index was the degree of exposure. Through a backward stepwise procedure, the degree of exposure, shading, and average slope gradient were selected for a best-fit regression model. This model explained 72% of the variance in site index, with standard error estimates of 1.75 m. This strong relationship suggests that GIS-derived environmental factors can be used to predict site indices of Japanese larch. This study was supported by the experimental forest of Kyushu University.     

抚顺地区落叶松人工林有害生物种类发生状态及防控技术

大面积发展的落叶松人工纯林已占抚顺市森林面积的29.4%,为落叶松有害生物提供了丰富的营养源。林内生物多样性单一,造成落叶松有害生物灾害频发,严重影响了落叶松的健康生长和森林环境的稳定。据调查,抚顺地区落叶松有害生物多达34种,其中虫害19种、病害10种、鼠害3种、鸟害2种。该文总结了抚顺地区落叶松有害生物的发生情况和危害特点,并提出了有效防控措施及今后治理方向。     

Allelopathic effect of larch leaching on ash growth in mixed forest

lntroductionConcerningthemechanismoftheinteractionbe-tWeentreespeciesinthelarch(LafisgmelinI)-ash(PraxiPusmandShuFbe)mixedforest,wehavestudiedtheaIIelopathiceff6ctsoftheIarchvolatilematter,litterandrootsecretion.onthegroWthofash.TheobtainedresultsshowedclearIythatthelarchvoIatiIematt6rplayedaninhibitivepart,andboththeIarchIitt6randrootsecretionpIayedanobviousfystimuIatingpaFtontheashgroWth(Wu2oooa,2ooob,2oooc).Thispapermakesastudyofanotherallelo-pathicway(Ieaching)betWeenlarchandash.T…