Novel 1,2,3-triazole derivatives for use against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (ATCC 27294) strain

The purpose of this study was to prepare various 4-substituted N-phenyl-1,2,3-triazole derivatives using click chemistry. The derivatives were screened in vitro for antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv (ATCC 27294) using the Alamar Blue susceptibility test. The activity was expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in μg/mL (μM). Derivatives of isoniazid (INH), (E)-N'-[(1-aryl)-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-yl)methylene] isonicotinoyl hydrazides, exhibited significant activity with MIC values ranging from 2.5 to 0.62 μg/mL. In addition, they displayed low cytotoxicity against liver cells (hepatoma HepG2) and kidney cells (BGM), thereby providing a high therapeutic index. The results demonstrated the potential and importance of developing new INH derivatives to treat mycobacterial infections.     

Synthesis,potential anticonvulsant and antidepressant effects of 2-(5-methyl-2,3-dioxoindolin-1-yl)acetamide derivatives

A new series of 2-(5-methyl-2,3-dioxoindolin-1-yl)acetamide derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsive activity in a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-evoked convulsion model and antidepressant activity in the forced swimming test (FST) model. Eleven synthesized compounds were found to be protective against PTZ-induced seizure and showed the anticonvulsant activity. In addition, four of the synthesized compounds (4l, 4m, 4p and 4q) showed potent antidepressant-like activity. Among these compounds, compound 4l was found to have the most potent antidepressant-like activity, and significantly reduced the duration of immobility time at 100 mg/kg dose level when compared to the vehicle control, which is similar to the reference drug fluoxetine.KEY WORDS: 2,3-Dioxoindolin-1-acetamide; Synthesis; Anticonvulsant activity; Antidepressant activity; Pentylenetetrazole     

New substituted 1-(2,3-dihydrobenzo[1, 4]dioxin-2-ylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl derivatives with alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist activity

The emergence of a novel theory concerning the role of noradrenaline in the progression and the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases has provided a new impetus toward the discovery of novel compounds acting at alpha(2)-adrenoceptors. A series of substituted 1-(2, 3-dihydrobenzo[1,4]dioxin-2-ylmethyl)piperidin-4-yl derivatives bearing an amide, urea, or imidazolidinone moiety was studied. Some members of this series of compounds proved to be potent alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonists with good selectivity versus alpha(1)-adrenergic and D(2)-dopamine receptors. Particular emphasis is given to compound 33g which displays potent alpha(2)-adrenoceptor binding affinity in vitro and central effects in vivo following oral administration.     

Synthesis and screening of 2-(2-(4-substituted piperazine-1-yl)-5-phenylthiazol-4-yl)-3-aryl quinazolinone derivatives as anticancer agents

Synthesis of novel quinazolinone derivatives was performed from the reaction of N-benzoyl substituted piperazine-1-carbothioamide with 2-chloromethyl quinazolinone derivatives and screened for their in vitro cytotoxic activity by MTT assay. The cell lines used were NCI (human lung cancer cell), MCF 7 (Breast cancer cell), and HEK 293 (Normal epidermal kidney cell). Result of screening on cell line showed moderate to good anticancer activity for all the compounds. Compound 3d (IC₅₀ = 1.1 ± 0.03 μM) was found to be the most active compared to standard methotrexate (IC₅₀ = 2.20 ± 0.18 μM) and 5-florouracil (IC₅₀ = 2.30 ± 0.49 μM). Structure activity relationship of synthesized analogs suggested that the presence of NH linker with aryl moiety at the third position of quinazolinone ring was important for potent anticancer activity. Electron donating group on phenyl ring at the third position of quinazolinone ring gave better anticancer activity then unsubstituted phenyl and electron withdrawing group. Activity by substituted piperazine at 2nd position of thiazole linked with quinazolinone scaffold gave better activity in the order of H > CH₃ > CO–C₆H₅. Our findings may impart new direction to medicinal chemists and biochemists for further investigations of quinazolinone-thiazole containing anticancer agents.     

Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of 1-(1-((substituted)methyl)-5-methyl-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-4-(substituted pyridin-2-yl)thiosemicarbazide

Some novel Mannich base isatin derivatives were synthesized by reacting 1-(5-methyl-2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)-4-(substitutedpyridin-2-yl)thiosemicarbazide with formaldehyde and several secondary amines. Their chemical structure was elucidated by means of spectral (FT-IR, (1)H- and (13)C-NMR and mass) analysis. Investigation of anti-inflammatory activity of synthesized compounds was done by carrageenan induced paw oedema method using diclofenac sodium as standard drug and analgesic activity was done by acetic acid induced writhing method. The synthesized compounds showed significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity.     

(E)-2-(4-二乙基胺甲基-苯亚甲基)-5,6-二甲氧基-2,3-二氢-1-茚酮与P-糖蛋白的相互作用

考察(E)-2-(4-二乙基胺甲基-苯亚甲基)-5,6-二甲氧基-2,3-二氢-1-茚酮(BYZX)在Bcap37和P-糖蛋白(P-gp)高表达的Bcap37/MDR1细胞中的积聚差异，以确证BYZX是否为P-gp的底物。同时，以罗丹明123为底物，比较在上述两种细胞中BYZX对罗丹明123积聚的影响，从而确证BYZX是否是P-gp的抑制剂。采用HPLC法测定BYZX在两种细胞中的累积量，酶标仪法测定细胞内罗丹明123的荧光强度。实验结果显示，BYZX在Bcap37及Bcap37/MDR1细胞内不同时间下的积聚量无明显差异(P>0.05)，且不同浓度的BYZX对罗丹明123的外排亦无明显的抑制作用(P>0.05)。这一结果表明BYZX与P-gp没有明显的相互作用，不会被P-gp外排到细胞外而影响其吸收，同时BYZX对P-gp也不存在抑制作用。     

Synthesis and hypolipidemic activity of novel 2-(4-(2-amino-6-(4-substituted phenyl) pyrimidin-4-yl)-2-substituted phenoxy) acetic acid derivatives

A novel series of 2-(4-(2-amino-6-(4-substituted phenyl) pyrimidin-4-yl)-2-substituted phenoxy) acetic acid derivatives were efficiently synthesized. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vivo hypolipidemic activity, using high-fat-diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rats. Some of these compounds showed significant antihyperlipidemic activity.     

Synthesis and cytotoxicity of novel 4-(4-(substituted)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-N-phenethylbenzenesulfonamides

A new series of 4-(4-(substituted)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-N-phenethylbenzenesulfonamide derivatives 5 were synthesized through the Click approach and evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against four cancer cell lines (HuCCA-1, HepG2, A549, and MOLT-3). Most of the synthesized triazoles 5 displayed cytotoxicity against MOLT-3 cell line, except for analogs 5a–c and 5e. Significantly, 4-phenyltriazoles (5a and 5n), 4-(naphthalen-2-yloxy)methyltriazole 5d, as well as 4-((2-oxo-2H-chromen-7-yl)oxy)methyltriazole 5l showed higher cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cells than the reference drug, etoposide. Interestingly, the 4-phenyltriazole 5a was the most potent and promising compound with IC₅₀ value of 9.07 μM against HepG2 cell line. The analog 5a also exerted the highest cytotoxic activity against HuCCA-1 cells. This finding provides the novel lead molecules for further development.     

Chemical modification of sulfazecin. Synthesis of 4-(substituted methyl)-2-azetidinone-1-sulfonic acid derivatives

In expectation of improving the antibacterial activity of sulfazecin by chemical modification at the 3- and 4-positions, a number of 3-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-(Z)-2-(substituted oxyimino)-acetamido]-4-(substituted methyl)-2-azetidinone-1-sulfonic acids were synthesized. Among various 4-substituents explored, the carbamoyloxymethyl group was found to provide a good effect to the antibacterial activity of these 2-azetidinone derivatives. An extensive study of structure-activity relationships led to selecting (3S,4S)-3-[2-(2-aminothiazol-4-yl)-(Z)-2-carboxymethoxyiminoace tamido]-4- carbamoyloxymethyl-2-azetidinone-1-sulfonic acid, AMA-1080 (Ro 17-2301), which has highly potent antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, for further biological and subsequent clinical evaluation.     

Novel 5-substituted 3-(2-naphthalenyl)-3-(1H-imidazol-l-ylmethy)-2-methylisoxazolidine derivatives

The synthesis and antifungal activity of a series of novel 5-substituted 3-(2-naphthalenyl)-3-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-2- methylisoxazolidine derivatives are described. When tested in vitro in solid agar assays, some of the compounds demonstrated moderate to potent activity against Trichophyton rubrum and Candida albicans.     

Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of some [2-amino-6-(4-substituted aryl)-4-(4-substituted phenyl)-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-5-yl]-acetic acid derivatives

Dihydropyrimidines 4a-r have been synthesized by base catalysed condensation of beta-aroylpropanoic acid, guanidine nitrate and aromatic aldehyde. Structures of the new compounds were established on the basis of 1H NMR and IR spectral data. Anti-inflammatory activity in vivo was evaluated and compared with standard drug diclofenac sodium.     

含哌嗪环的三唑醇类化合物的合成及体外抗真菌活性

目的设计合成含哌嗪环侧链的三唑醇类化合物并研究其体外抗真菌活性。方法以2-氯-2′,4′-二氟苯乙酮为起始原料经多步反应合成目标化合物，化合物结构经IR、^1H-NMR谱确证；选择8种真菌为实验菌株，按国际标准抗真菌敏感性实验方法测定体外抑菌活性。结果设计合成了11个新化合物。所有目标化合物对8种真菌均具有一定的抑制作用。结论多个目标化合物的抗真菌活性明显高于阳性对照药氟康唑，其中化合物11具有广谱、高活性的优点，其体外抗真菌活性与对照药伊曲康唑相当，有进一步研究开发的价值。     

Synthesis and antileukemic activity of novel 2-(4-(2,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)phenoxy)-1-(4-(3-(piperidin-4-yl)propyl)piperidin-1-yl)ethanone derivatives

A series of novel 2-(4-(2,4-dimethoxybenzoyl)phenoxy)-1-(4-(3-(piperidin-4-yl)propyl) piperidin-1-yl)ethanone derivatives 9(a-e) and 10(a-g) were synthesized and characterized by (1) H NMR, IR, mass spectral, and elemental analysis. These novel compounds were evaluated for their antileukemic activity against two human leukemic cell lines (K562 and CEM) by using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide assay. Some of the tested compounds showed good antiproliferative activity with IC(50) values ranging from 1.6 to 8.0 μm. Compound 9c, 9e, and 10f with an electron-withdrawing halogen substituent at the para position on the phenyl ring showed excellent in vitro potency against tested human leukemia cells (K562 and CEM).     

新型离子液体催化合成喹唑啉酮衍生物的研究

目的制备新型离子液体催化剂,用于改进喹唑啉酮衍生物的合成工艺。方法以低成本开发新型离子液体,用于催化邻氨基苯甲酰胺与系列芳香醛缩合制备2-芳基-2,3-二氢喹唑啉-4(1H)-酮化合物。结果用一锅法合成了苯并噻唑六氟磷酸盐离子液体;使用该离子液体催化制备2-芳基-2,3-二氢喹唑啉-4(1H)-酮化合物的收率为77%～91%,产物易于分离且离子液体可循环使用5次以上。结论所开发的离子液体制备成本低、过程环保;以该离子液体为催化剂建立的2-芳基-2,3-二氢喹唑啉-4(1H)-酮化合物的合成方法简便易行。     

Synthesis and antiviral activity of quinoxalinedione 2,3(1H, 4H) derivatives

Syntheses and Antiviral Activities of Quinoxalinedione 2,3(1H,4H) Derivatives In our search for new virustatics, we have synthesized derivatives of quinoxaline-2,3(1H,4H)-dione and investigated their antiviral activities against various strains of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, vaccinia virus and vesicular stomatitis virus. None of the compounds showed antiviral activity comparable to that of 5-ethyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EtUdR).     

Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of 1-(2-(8-(benzyloxy)quinolin-2-yl)-1-butyrylcyclopropyl)-3-substituted urea derivatives

H‐Dmt‐D‐Arg‐Phe‐Lys‐NH₂ ([Dmt¹]DALDA) is a synthetic tetrapeptide with extraordinary selectivity for the mu‐opioid receptor and is an extremely potent analgesic. [Dmt¹]DALDA is unusual in the way that the greater part of its analgesic potency appears to be produced by its actions in the spinal cord. Furthermore, [Dmt¹]DALDA inhibits norepinephrine re‐uptake and is a mitochondria‐targeted antioxidant. Such characteristics may make [Dmt¹]DALDA particularly effective against neuropathic pain. The present study was designed to compare the effects of [Dmt¹]DALDA and morphine on thermal hyperalgesia in an experimental neuropathic pain model. Neuropathic pain was induced in rats by surgical ligation of the L5 spinal nerve, and thermal pain thresholds were assessed by latencies of paw withdrawal to radiant heat. The increase in paw withdrawal latency was greater after the administration of [Dmt¹]DALDA than that of morphine in neuropathic rats at doses that were equianalgesic in naïve animals. We conclude that [Dmt¹]DALDA is more effective than morphine against thermal hyperalgesia in this experimental model of neuropathic pain.