纳米SrAl2O4∶Eu2+，Dy3+长余辉发光材料的制备与性能

采用水热-均匀共沉淀法制备了纳米SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺长余辉发光材料。通过XRD、TEM、荧光光谱、热释光谱对其结构和性能进行分析。XRD结果表明所制备的SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺纳米发光材料为单相,属单斜晶系。TEM测试表明纳米SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺发光材料为规则的球状粒子,粒径为50~80 nm,且分散性良好。激发和发射光谱测试表明,样品的激发光谱是峰值在356 nm的连续宽带谱,发射光谱是峰值位于512 nm的宽带谱,与SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺粗晶材料相比,激发和发射光谱都出现了“蓝移”现象。样品的热释光峰值位于358 K,适合于产生长余辉。     

SrAl2O4∶Eu2+，Dy3+纳米长余辉发光材料的制备与表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺，Dy³⁺ 纳米长余辉发光材料，研究了pH值、反应温度和络合剂等对溶胶-凝胶形成的影响，研究了灼烧温度对SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺，Dy³⁺ 晶相、颗粒尺度和发光性能的影响。利用XRD, SEM，光谱分析等手段对产物进行了结构和性能分析。实验结果表明，在800 ℃时SrAl₂O₄晶相开始形成但没有发光，而在1 100 ℃烧结的样品则具有很好的发光性能。样品平均晶粒尺寸随灼烧温度升高而增加，平均晶粒尺寸为20～40 nm。样品的激发光谱是峰值在240，330，378和425 nm的连续宽带谱，发光光谱是峰值在523nm的宽带谱，与SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺，Dy³⁺ 粗晶材料相比，发光光谱发生了“红移”现象。样品的热释光峰值位于157 ℃，与SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺，Dy³⁺ 粗晶材料相比，峰值向低温移动了13℃。     

SrAl2O4∶Eu2+，Dy3+长余辉材料发光性能与温度依赖研究

对SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺长余辉材料在100~500 K温度之间的发光性能进行研究。实验结果表明,材料的荧光及余辉强度在特定温度区间内呈线性变化,在热释峰所在温度范围具有较好的发光性能。其变化规律表明SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺长余辉材料内部陷阱中电子的释放包括瞬时释放和延时释放两种类型,其中电子瞬时释放进而跃迁发光是荧光的组成部分,延时释放产生的跃迁则导致余辉发光。陷阱和电子的复合与陷阱中电子释放过程均随温度升高而增强,但温度过高时会发生热猝灭。材料荧光强度与余辉强度在特定温度区间内随温度呈线性变化关系表明其可以作为一种光纤温度传感材料。     

一种新颖的合成碱土硅酸盐长余辉发光材料Sr3MgSi2O8:Eu2+,Dy3+的方法

本文介绍了一种新颖的方法合成碱土硅酸盐长余辉发光材料Sr₃MgSi₂O₈:Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺。采用正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）和无机粉末在乙醇体系中，通过冰醋酸调整溶液体系pH值控制正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）的水解。前驱体形貌，晶体结构和光谱特征分别通过透射电镜（TEM），X射线粉末衍射仪（XRD）和荧光分光光度计表征。通过透射电镜照片可观察到前驱体具有核壳结构和准球形的形貌。与高温固相法相比，纳米包覆的方法具有较低的合成温度，并且具有较好的发光强度和余辉性能。     

沉淀法合成蓝色长余辉发光材料Sr2MgSi2O7∶Eu2+，Dy3+

采用沉淀法制备了高亮度的长余辉发光材料Sr₂MgSi₂O₇∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺。通过XRD、荧光光谱和热释光谱对其进行表征。XRD测试表明所制备的Sr₂MgSi₂O₇∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺为单相,四方晶。荧光光谱测试表明,用λ_em=467 nm作为监控波长,在275~450 nm之间有宽的激发光谱,峰值位于399 nm。用λ_ex=399 nm激发样品,其发射光谱为一宽带,峰值位于467 nm。1 050 ℃煅烧前躯体所制备的Sr₂MgSi₂O₇∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺发光性能最好。热释光谱峰值位于357 K,适合长余辉现象的产生。对Sr₂MgSi₂O₇∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺长余辉发光机理进行了讨论。     

CaSb2O6:Bi3+,Eu3+荧光粉的制备和发光性质

采用共沉淀法及1 200 ℃后续煅烧4 h,成功制备了CaSb₂O₆:Bi³⁺,Eu³⁺荧光粉,并对其结构及发光性能进行了研究。所制备荧光粉颗粒为六边形类圆饼状,平均尺寸在100~600 nm之间。对CaSb₂O₆:Bi³⁺,Eu³⁺发光的机理分析表明,Bi³⁺对Eu³⁺的发光存在高效的敏化与能量传递。当Bi³⁺和Eu³⁺的掺杂浓度分别为0.5%和8%,Eu³⁺位于580 nm(⁵D₀→⁷F₀ )处的荧光发射显著增强,Bi³⁺,Eu³⁺共掺样品的荧光强度是CaSb₂O₆:Eu³⁺的10倍左右。调节Bi³⁺/Eu³⁺离子掺杂比,色坐标呈现了从蓝、白光到红光的变化,表明该荧光粉可分别作为蓝或红色荧光粉使用,甚至可实现从蓝、白光到红光的自由调控,这为白光LED荧光粉的发展提供了参考。     

Sr3Al2O6∶Eu2+红色发光纳米晶的新型形貌与发光性能的研究

A red luminescent Sr₃Al₂O₆∶Eu²⁺ nanocrystallites with new morphology were synthesized by sol-gel route assisted by microwave irradiation. The phosphor powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD)， scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results reveal that the calcination temperature of the Sr₃Al₂O₆∶Eu²⁺ phosphor crystallites greatly affects its morphology. With temperature increasing， the phosphor crystallites morphology showed primarily from nanorod-like， mixture of nanorod and flower-like to homogeneous flower-like morphology. The effects of new morphology on luminescent properties of phosphors were investigated. Uniformly dispersed flower-like Sr₃Al₂O₆∶Eu²⁺ phosphor powders showed the strongest luminescent intensity and the longest afterglow time.     

Sr2Si5N8∶Eu2+荧光粉的制备与发光性能

以α-Si₃N₄,SrCO₃,Eu₂O₃为原料,采用碳热还原氮化法制备了Sr₂Si₅N₈∶Eu²⁺荧光粉。研究了材料的结构与光谱特性,分析了影响材料发光性能的工艺因素。结果表明,石墨粉含量和助熔剂的用量对Sr₂Si₅N₈相的形成和发光性能有重要影响。当n_C/n_Sr=1.5,助熔剂用量为4wt%时,合成样品的主晶相为正交晶系Sr₂Si₅N₈,在400~550 nm可见光激发下,可发射峰值波长位于609 nm荧光。激发带的位置与Eu²⁺离子浓度无关,为400~550 nm之间的宽带激发;但发射强度随Eu²⁺离子浓度的增加而增加,Eu²⁺离子浓度达到5mol%时发射强度达最大值,在Eu²⁺离子浓度为2mol%~5mol%之间,观察到发射峰的红移现象。     

Sr2CeO4∶Eu3+柠檬酸-凝胶法的合成及发光性质研究

柠檬酸-凝胶方法促使多离子在分子水平上混合，与固相烧结方法相比，能够降低烧结温度和烧结时间。利用这种方法在1000℃下很短的时间得到单相化合物Sr₂CeO₄。Sr₂CeO₄是一种发出很强蓝光的基质发光材料。为寻找新的发光体，我们将稀土离子Eu³⁺掺杂在其中，从荧光光谱上可以看出存在从基质向稀土离子的能量转移。Sr₂CeO₄∶Eu³⁺的发光颜色可调谐，当Eu³⁺离子浓度较小(< 0.5mol%)时，体系发出很强的白光;当Eu³⁺离子浓度较大(>10mol%)时，体系发出很强的红光，并且猝灭浓度高。     

红色发光长余辉材料Ca2SnO4∶Eu3+的性能研究

利用高温固相法合成了Ca₂SnO₄∶Eu³⁺红色发射长余辉发光材料,对样品进行了X射线衍射分析、荧光光谱分析、形貌分析以及发光寿命测量。分析结果表明,在1 350 ℃下烧结3 h的Ca₂SnO₄∶Eu³⁺为单相产物,所得Ca₂SnO₄∶Eu³⁺发光材料具有良好的发光性能,在267 nm紫外线激发下发出最强发射位于617 nm的锐线发射,并且具有明显的长余辉发光性能。     

Ca2+-Mg2+-Zn2+体系在水溶性聚磷酸铵溶液中螯合规律的研究

近年来,水溶性聚磷酸铵在液体肥料和复合肥料的领域受到了广泛的关注,并在发达国家中得到了大面积的推广及应用。在pH值为5.5~8.0、温度为278.15 K~323.15 K的条件下,本文采用滴定法研究Ca_²⁺-Mg_²⁺-Zn_²⁺体系在聚磷酸铵溶液中的螯合规律。实验结果表明：相同质量分数的聚磷酸铵溶液对金属离子的螯合量会随着体系中Ca_²⁺、Mg_²⁺、Zn_²⁺的摩尔浓度的变化而变化;随着温度的升高而逐渐降低;随着pH的增加而逐渐增加;随着聚合度的升高而逐渐增加。采用傅里叶红外光谱对聚磷酸铵和A₁B₃C₃体系的螯合物进行表征。     

Vacuum Ultraviolet Excited Photoluminescence Properties of Y2O2S：Eu^3＋,Bi^3＋ Phosphor

As an Hg-free lamp using phosphor, the Bi^3＋ and EH^3＋ co-doped Y2O2S phosphors were prepared and their luminescence properties under vacuum ultraviolet（VUV） excitation were investigated. The VUV photoluminescent intensity of Y2O2S：Eu^3＋ was weak, however, considerably stronger red emission at 626 nm with good color purity was observed in Y2O2S：Eu^3＋,Bi^3＋ systems. Investigation on the photoluminescence reveals that the strong VUV luminescence of Y2O2S：Eu^3＋,Bi^3＋ at 147 nm is mainly because the Bi^3＋ acts as a medium and effectively performs the energy transfer process： Y^3＋-O^2-→Bi^3＋→Eu^3＋, while the intense emission band at 172 nm is attributed to the absorption of the characteristic ^1So-^1P1 transition of Bi^3＋ and the direct energy transfer from Bi^3＋ to Eu^3＋. The Y2O2S：Eu^3＋,Bi^3＋ shows excellent VUV optical properties compared with the commercial （Y,Gd）BO3：Eu^3＋. Thus, the Y2O2S：Eu^3＋,Bi^3＋ can be a potential red VUV-excited candidate applied in Hg-free lamps for backlight of liquid crystal display.     

Heavy metal removal using SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>-TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> binary oxide: experimental design approach

Sorption of Ni²⁺ and Cd²⁺ as heavy metals ions at the interface of the binary oxide TiO₂-SiO₂ was investigated. In addition, physical properties of TiO₂-SiO₂ matrices such as BET surface area, X-ray diffraction, and point of zero charge (pH_PZC) were measured. Statistical design of experiments was applied to find the conditions of sorption at which the maximum heavy metal removal was achieved. A second order polynomial function was used to correlate the independent variables (pH, metal ion concentration, and shaking time) and response (heavy metal removal). Values of regression parameters were determined by the computer program, Design expert^® (Stat-Ease Inc.). The quality of fit of the polynomial model equation was expressed by the regression coefficient R ². The sorption results showed that the pH is the most significant factor. In turn, the sorbed percentage reached 100% at high initial concentration and long shaking times due to formation of hydroxyl compounds between the ions and TiO₂-SiO₂ matrices. The results show that there is a Gaussian (normal) distribution of residuals (squared differences between experimentally observed and predicted values from the model), and also that the differences between observed and predicted values are in the range of ±5%. These indicate that experiments were well-conducted and the results have no significant error.     

Study of Complex Formation Between Dicyclohexano-18-Crown-6 (DCH18C6) with Mg 2+, Ca2+, Sr 2+, and Ba2+ Cations in Methanol–Water Binary Mixtures Using Conductometric Method

The complexation reactions between Mg²⁺,Ca²⁺,Sr²⁺ and Ba²⁺ metal cations with macrocyclic ligand, dicyclohexano-18-crown-6 (DCH18C6) were studied in methanol (MeOH)–water (H₂O) binary mixtures at different temperatures using conductometric method . In all cases, DCH18C6 forms 1:1 complexes with these metal cations. The values of stability constants of complexes which were obtained from conductometric data show that the stability of complexes is affected by the nature and composition of the mixed solvents. While the variation of stability constants of DCH18C6-Sr ²⁺ and DCH18C6-Ba²⁺versus the composition of MeOH–H₂O mixed solvents is monotonic, an anomalous behavior was observed for variations of stability constants of DCH18C6-Mg²⁺ and DCH18C6-Ca²⁺ versus the composition of the mixed solvents. The values of thermodynamic parameters (ΔH_c°, ΔS_c°) for complexation reactions were obtained from temperature dependence of formation constants of complexes using the van’t Hoff plots. The results show that in most cases, the complexation reactions are enthalpy stabilized but entropy destabilized and the values of thermodynamic parameters are influenced by the nature and composition of the mixed solvents. The obtained results show that the order of selectivity of DCH18C6 ligand for metal cations in different concentrations of methanol in MeOH–H₂O binary system is: Ba²⁺>Sr²⁺>Ca²⁺> Mg²⁺.     

二氧化硅和硅酸盐对细胞内游离Ca2+和Mg2+浓度的影响

本文研究了不同形态二氧化硅和硅酸盐对细胞内游离Ｃａ＾２＋浓度［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ）及游离Ｍｇ＾２＋浓度［Ｍｇ＾２＋］ｉ的影响。结果表明：硅溶胶，聚硅酸，不同硅原子数的固态多酸盐及固态二氧化硅都能使［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ和［Ｍｇ＾２＋］ｉ升高。     

Ni2+掺杂Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5电极的制备及性能

采用溶胶凝胶法制备了Ni2+掺杂的Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5电极,并通过XRD、SEM、EDS、苯酚降解、加速寿命实验等技术手段,研究了Ni2+的掺杂对电极的结构、形貌、电催化性能及稳定性的影响。结果表明:Ni2+的掺入细化了SnO2晶粒,增大了电极的比表面积,改善了电极表面的龟裂程度,提高了电极的导电性能;相对于Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5电极Ni2+的掺入将苯酚完全降解的时间缩短为原来的40%,将电极的使用寿命提高为原来的4.8倍。     

Photoluminescence of new red phosphor SrZnO2:Eu

SrZnO₂:Eu³⁺ has been synthesized by solid-state reaction and its photoluminescence in ultraviolet (UV)-vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) range was investigated. The broad bands around 254 nm are assigned to CT band of Eu³⁺-O²⁻. With the increasing of Eu³⁺ concentration, Eu³⁺ could occupy different sites, which leads to the broadening of CT band. A sharp band is observed in the region of 110-130 nm, which is related to the host absorption. The phosphors emit red luminescence centered at about 616 nm due to Eu³⁺⁵D₀→⁷F₂ both under 254 and 147 nm, but none of Eu²⁺ blue emission can be observed.     

Ce3+,Tb3+,Eu3+共掺杂Sr2MgSi2O7体系的白色发光和能量传递机理

通过正交试验,采用高温固相法制备了Sr2-x-y-zMgSi2O7∶xCe3+,yTb3+,zEu3+系列样品.使用X射线衍射仪和荧光光谱仪表征了样品的物相和发光性质,并讨论了Ce3+-Tb3+-Eu3+共掺杂Sr2MgSi2O7体系中的能量传递过程.实验结果表明,在327 nm波长激发下,所合成荧光粉的发射峰主要位于387 nm(蓝紫)、542nm(绿)和611 nm(红)处;分别以387,542和611 nm为监控波长,所得激发光谱显示荧光粉在327 nm处有最好的激发.在327 nm光激发下,系列样品发光进入白光区.最优化的荧光粉为Sr1.91MgSi2O7∶0.01Ce3+,0.05Tb3+,0.03Eu3+,其色坐标为(0.337,0.313),是一种潜在的发光二极管(LED)用白色荧光粉.     

白色荧光粉NaGd（MoO4）2:Dy3+,Eu3+的水热合成及发光性能

采用谷氨酸辅助水热法合成了八面体形NaGd(MoO4)2:Dy3+,Eu3+白色荧光粉.X射线衍射结果表明,合成的样品为四方晶系的NaGd(MoO4)2纯相.扫描电子显微镜照片显示所制备的粒子为八面体形,各边长约为2μm.荧光光谱结果表明,在NaGd(MoO4)2:4%Dy3+,yEu3+(y=0,0.5%,0.6%,0.7%,0.8%,0.9%,1.0%)样品中,随着Eu3+掺入量的增加,Dy3+的发射峰逐渐减弱,而Eu3+的发射峰逐渐增强,说明Dy3+-Eu3+之间存在能量传递.通过色坐标图可知,当Eu3+掺杂量y=0.9%时,荧光粉的色坐标(0.338,0.281)与标准的白光色坐标(0.33,0.33)接近,表明NaGd(MoO4)2:4%Dy3+,0.9%Eu3+是很好的近紫外光激发下的白色荧光粉.     

Thermal investigations of nitrate-hydrates and deuterates of Ca2+, Cd2+ and Mg2+

DTA and DSC were used to study the thermal behaviour of Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O, Cd(NO₃)₂·4H₂O, Mg(NO₃)₂·6H₂O and their deuterated analogues. Evidence was found concerning the process of melting of the initial hydrates and deuterates, followed by a one-stage dehydration of the melt to vield the respective anhydrous salt. T _m, ΔH _m ^o , ΔS _m ^o and ΔH _deh ^o were determined and the ΔH _f ^o values for the investigated hydrates were calculated from the ΔH _deh ^o data.

---

Zusammenfassung DTA und DSC wurden zur Untersuchung des thermischen Verhaltens von Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O, Cd(NO₃)₂·4H₂O, Mg(NO₃)₂·6H₂O und ihrer deuterierten Analoge eingesetzt. Man fand Aussagen bezüglich des Schmelzvorganges der Ausgangshydrate und Deuterate, gefolgt von einer Einschritt-Dehydratation der Schmelze unter Bildung der entsprechenden wasserfreien Salze. T _m, ΔH _m ^o , ΔS _m ^o und ΔH _deh ^o wurden ermittelt und die ΔH _f ^o Werte für die untersuchten Hydrate wurden anhand der ΔH _deh ^o berechnet.