曲妥珠单抗联合内分泌维持治疗HR和HER-2阳性晚期乳腺癌的临床观察

目的 探讨曲妥珠单抗联合内分泌维持治疗激素受体（HR）和人表皮生长因子受体-2（HER-2）阳性复发转移性乳腺癌的疗效与安全性。方法 回顾性分析本院2013年1月至2016年1月收治的HR和HER-2阳性复发转移性乳腺癌患者31例,一线曲妥珠单抗联合化疗达到病情缓解或稳定后继续曲妥珠单抗联合内分泌维持治疗,采用RECIST 1.1版标准评估维持治疗的疗效,采用常见不良反应事件评价标准（CTCAE）4.0版评价毒性反应,根据随访资料分析预后。结果 31例复发转移性乳腺癌维持治疗的中位无进展生存期为12.0个月（95％CI：5.4～18.6个月）。5例患者在一线化疗后获完全缓解,无可评估病灶,其余26例可评估近期疗效,总有效率和临床获益率分别为26.9％和88.5％。内分泌联合曲妥珠单抗的主要不良反应较轻,主要包括乏力（19.4％）、潮热（16.1％）和恶心呕吐（9.7％）。结论 一线曲妥珠单抗联合化疗有效后,曲妥珠单抗联合内分泌维持治疗HR+／HER-2+转移性乳腺癌可进一步改善患者的临床获益,且安全性良好。     

吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗头颈部癌52例分析

目的 评价吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗复发转移性头颈部癌患者的疗效和毒性。方法 52例复发转移性头颈部癌患者接受吉西他滨联合顺铂方案：吉西他滨1000mg／m^2,第1天和第8天;顺铂25mg／m^2,第1～3天;21d为1个疗程。结果 可评价患者52例,3例（5．8％）达完全缓解,19例（36．5％）达部分缓解,有效率42．3％（22／52）。中位疾病进展时间5．0个月,中位生存期9．9个月,1年生存率为43．4％。在既往经含铂方案化疗的32例患者中,2例（6．3％）达完全缓解,11例（34．4％）达部分缓解,有效率为40．6％（13／32）。中位疾病进展时间3．4个月,中位生存期8．3个月,1年生存率为29．2％。主要不良反应为1或2度血液学毒性、皮疹和恶心呕吐。结论 吉西他滨联合顺铂是治疗晚期复发转移性头颈部癌患者安全、有效的联合化疗方案．     

希罗达为主的联合方案治疗蒽环类耐药的复发转移性乳腺癌

目的 探讨希罗达为主的联合化疗方案治疗复发转移性乳腺癌的疗效及毒副反应.方法 42例复发转移性乳腺癌患者中,21例予以希罗达联合诺维本治疗;14例予以希罗达联合多西紫杉醇治疗;7例予以希罗达联合吉西他滨治疗.21 d为1周期,2周期后评价疗效.结果 41例可评价患者中,治疗后完全缓解(CR)8例,部分缓解(PR)16例,稳定(SD)9例,进展(PD)8例,有效率为58.54%.中位疾病进展时间为7.4个月,中位生存时间15.3个月.主要毒副反应为白细胞减少,其中Ⅲ～Ⅳ度占41.46%.结论 希罗达为主的联合化疗方案治疗复发转移性乳腺癌疗效确切,毒性反应可耐受.     

卡培他滨维持治疗转移性乳腺癌的疗效观察

目的:观察卡培他滨维持治疗转移性乳腺癌的疗效和毒副反应。方法:2009年10月-2013年7月,31例转移性乳腺癌一线或二线含卡培他滨联合化疗4-6个周期后,疾病达缓解或稳定的患者,接受卡培他滨维持治疗,卡培他滨1000mg/m2,d1-14,休息7天,21天为1个周期,维持化疗进展或不能耐受毒副反应者化疗停止,每个患者接受至少2个周期维持治疗。结果:卡培他滨维持治疗转移性乳腺癌有效率（RR）为6.5%,临床获益率（CBR）（＞6个月）为35.5%,疾病控制率（DCR）为74.2%,中位无进展生存期（PFS）为5.8个月。主要的毒副反应为手足综合征（HFS）,发生率为67.7%,多为Ⅰ-Ⅱ度,1例Ⅲ度患者应用大剂量维生素B6且卡培他滨减量后好转。Ⅲ-Ⅳ度白细胞、中性粒细胞下降分别为9.7%和12.9%,明显低于卡培他滨联合化疗时Ⅲ-Ⅳ度白细胞、中性粒细胞下降发生率的35.5%和38.7%（P＜0.05）。结论:卡培他滨是维持治疗转移性乳腺癌的有效药物,患者耐受性好,毒副反应较轻。     

培美曲塞联合顺铂方案治疗转移性乳腺癌的临床观察

目的观察培美曲塞联合顺铂方案治疗复发转移性乳腺癌的临床疗效及不良反应。方法 32例转移性乳腺癌患者,采用培美曲塞联合顺铂化疗方案：培美曲塞500mg/m2,顺铂75mg/m2,静脉滴注,每3周重复。每2个化疗周期评价疗有效率（RR）、疾病控制率（DCR）和不良反应,计算疾病进展时间（TTP）和总生存期（OS）。结果 32例入组患者均可评价临床疗效及不良反应,其中CR1例,PR11例,SD6例,PD14例。随访时间为12.5个月,中位TTP为4.2个月,中位OS为8.5个月。最常见的不良反应是消化道反应和中性粒细胞减低。结论即使转移性乳腺癌患者已对多种化疗药物产生耐药,培美曲塞联合顺铂方案仍是治疗转移性乳腺癌的有效方案,且其血液学和非血液学毒性耐受性较好。     

卡培他滨节拍化疗在转移性结直肠癌维持治疗中的探索性Ⅱ期研究

背景与目的：转移性结直肠癌患者一线诱导化疗后的维持治疗方案如何选择，尚存在争议。本研究将卡培他滨节拍化疗应用于转移性结直肠癌维持治疗，评估其疗效与安全性。方法：本研究是单臂、单中心探索性研究。接受一线诱导化疗（XELOX、mFOLFOX6、FOLFIRI）18~24周的转移性结直肠癌患者，评估为临床获益后接受卡培他滨500 mg，每天2次口服维持治疗，直至疾病进展。研究首要终点是无进展生存期（progression-free survival，PFS），包括卡培他滨维持治疗的PFS和诱导化疗续贯维持治疗的PFS。次要终点为总生存期（overall survival，OS）和不良反应。结果：2014年10月16日—2017年12月31日于上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院接受治疗的转移性结直肠癌患者37例接受节拍化疗维持治疗。中位随访时间15.0个月（4.0~41.4个月）。节拍化疗维持治疗的中位PFS为5.6个月（1.7~38.5个月），诱导化疗续贯维持治疗的中位PFS为11.4个月（6.8~44.3个月）。主要的不良反应为白细胞减少（8/37，21.6%）、恶心呕吐（5/37，13.5%）和手足综合征（3/37，8.1%）。没有1例患者出现3~4级严重不良反应。结论：卡培他滨节拍化疗应用于转移性结直肠癌诱导化疗后维持治疗安全、有效。     

吉西他滨联合顺铂一线治疗晚期三阴乳腺癌疗效分析

目的分析吉西他滨联合顺铂（GP方案）治疗复发转移性三阴乳腺癌的反应率及不良反应,进一步了解该方案治疗可获取的疾病进展时间（TTP）和总生存时间（OS）。方法回顾性分析住院治疗的35例晚期三阴乳腺癌。所有患者均一线接受GC方案（吉西他滨针1 000 mg/m2,d1、d8＋顺铂针25 mg/m2,d1-3,每21天重复）化疗。患者每2周期接受疗效评价。统计肿瘤反应率和不良反应,通过后续随访,统计TTP和OS。结果 35例晚期三阴乳腺癌,均有可评价病灶。21例继往接受了含紫杉类药物辅助化疗,14例患者继往接受了含蒽环类药辅助化疗。入组后患者共接受2～6周期GP方案化疗,中位数为3.8周期。完全缓解（CR）2例（5.7%）,部分缓解（PR）10例（28.6%）,疾病稳定（SD）6例（17.1%）,疾病进展（PD）7例（20.0%）,总反应率（ORR）为34.3%。中位TTP为7.0月,中位OS为13.0月。结论晚期三阴乳腺癌接受GP方案化疗有较高反应率,耐受性好,但TTP较短,生存时间有限,需要寻找更为有效的治疗靶点。     

多西他赛联合贝伐珠单抗及其单药维持治疗转移性乳腺癌的临床观察

目的 探讨多西他赛联合贝伐珠单抗一线治疗序贯应用贝伐珠单抗单药维持治疗转移性乳腺癌的疗效和安全性。方法 8例转移性乳腺癌患者均为女性,年龄34～62岁,中位年龄为53岁,均经改良根治术后病理组织学确诊,免疫组化检查HER-2为（-）或（+）。治疗方案：贝伐珠单抗15mg／kg d1,多西他赛 75mg／m2 d1,3周为1周期。治疗6个周期未出现病情进展者应用贝伐珠单抗（15mg/kg）单药维持治疗,每3周1次。结果 全组8例中获CR 1例,PR 3例,SD 4例。有效率（RR）为50％,疾病控制率（DCR）为100％。7例经联合治疗6～9个周期后用贝伐珠单抗维持治疗,维持治疗时间为2～31.3个月,中位维持治疗时间为15.3个月,中位无进展生存期为22.3个月。全组5例发生3、4级中性粒细胞减少,其中2例伴发热;5例患者出现指甲毒性,其中3例1、2级,2例3级。贝伐珠单抗应用4～36.5个月过程中,1例发生血栓3级,1例高血压2级,1例高血压3级,2例蛋白尿2级。结论 多西他赛联合贝伐珠单抗一线治疗序贯应用贝伐珠单抗单药维持治疗HER 2阴性转移性乳腺癌的疗效好,毒副反应可耐受,值得临床进一步应用。     

曲妥珠单抗治疗后进展的转移性乳腺癌继续曲妥珠单抗治疗的疗效及安全性分析

目的：评价曲妥珠单抗治疗后进展的转移性乳腺癌患者继续行曲妥珠单抗治疗的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析曲妥珠单抗治疗过程中出现疾病进展,继续行曲妥珠单抗治疗,仅更换化疗方案的30例HER2阳性转移性乳腺癌患者的临床资料,并评价疗效及不良反应。结果30例HER2阳性转移性乳腺癌患者,均在复发转移阶段接受过曲妥珠单抗治疗,中位治疗时间6.0个月（95%CI为1.7~10.3个月）;30例患者在出现疾病进展后,均继续进行曲妥珠单抗治疗,仅更换联合的化疗方案。30例患者均可评价疗效,其中部分缓解（PR）7例（23.3%）,疾病稳定（SD）12例（40.0%）,疾病进展（PD）11例（36.7%）,无完全缓解（CR）患者。客观缓解率为23.3%,临床获益率为43.3%。总无进展生存期（PFS）为5.0个月（95%CI为3.0~7.0个月）。有临床获益的13例患者的PFS明显长于17例无临床获益者（9.0个月vs 3.0个月,P﹤0.001）。最常见的不良反应为血液学不良反应,考虑主要与化疗药物相关。结论对于曲妥珠单抗治疗过程中出现疾病进展的患者,继续使用曲妥珠单抗,更换化疗方案有较好的临床获益。     

复发转移性三阴性乳腺癌临床特征及总生存分析

目的：分析复发转移性三阴性乳腺癌患者的治疗方式及总生存情况。方法回顾性分析复发转移后来我院治疗,并随访至病亡的78例三阴性乳腺癌患者临床资料,根据其临床特征、复发情况及治疗方式评价其总生存情况。结果78例患者总生存时间（OS）为6～236个月,中位OS为32.1个月。1年生存率92.3%,5年生存率28.2%,10年生存率6.4%。71例（91.0%）三阴性乳腺癌患者行根治术或改良根治手术,其无病生存时间（DFS）为1～184个月,中位DFS为15.0个月,7例（9.0%）患者为初治Ⅳ期。Ⅰ期三阴性乳腺癌患者OS为19.7～236个月,中位OS为90.0个月。复发转移后OS为3.0～93.3个月,中位OS为14.4个月。13例（16.7%）患者局部复发或单纯部位转移的患者行局部手术治疗联合全身治疗者中位OS为26.5月,65例（83.3%）仅行全身治疗者中位OS为12.2个月（P=0.034）。一线化疗方案含紫杉类药物的患者中位OS为14.6个月,未予紫杉类药物的患者中位OS为11.0个月（P=0.048）。结论复发转移性三阴性乳腺癌整体预后较差,生存期短,但异质性较高,且早期三阴性乳腺癌患者具有明显的生存优势。值得一提的是本文只针对已经有生存节点的患者进行分析,这组患者乳腺癌的恶性程度相对较高。也间接提示三阴性乳腺癌的治疗也不能一概而论。对这些早期复发的患者,目前的辅助治疗可能是不足够的。     

A Phase II Study of Fulvestrant 500 mg as Maintenance Therapy in Hormone Receptor-Positive,Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer After First-Line Chemotherapy

Lessons Learned

• Fulvestrant 500 mg maintenance therapy showed a clinical benefit rate of 76% and median progression‐free survival of 16.1 months in patients who achieved objective responses or disease control after first‐line chemotherapy.
• Adverse events with fulvestrant maintenance therapy were consistent with the known safety profile of the drug.

BackgroundEvidence for maintenance hormonal therapy after chemotherapy for estrogen receptor (ER)–positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–negative advanced breast cancer is scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fulvestrant 500 mg maintenance therapy in patients after first‐line chemotherapy.MethodsWe enrolled postmenopausal women with ER‐positive/HER2‐negative advanced breast cancer who attained tumor responses or disease control with four to eight cycles of chemotherapy as first‐line treatment. Fulvestrant 500 mg was injected on days 1, 15, and 29 and every 28 (±3) days thereafter. The primary endpoint was the clinical benefit rate (CBR); the secondary endpoints included the objective response rate (ORR), progression‐free survival (PFS), and safety.ResultsWe included 58 patients; the median follow‐up duration was 32.6 months. The CBR since commencing fulvestrant maintenance therapy was 76% (95% confidence interval [CI], 63%–86%), and ORR was 14% (95% CI, 6%–25%); eight patients achieved partial response. The median PFS for fulvestrant maintenance therapy was 16.1 months (95% CI, 10.3–21.0 months). Thirty‐nine patients (67%) reported at least one adverse event, of which most were grade 1/2, whereas three patients (5%) reported grade 3 adverse events.ConclusionFulvestrant 500 mg is a feasible and promising hormonal maintenance strategy in patients with ER‐positive/HER2‐negative advanced breast cancer who have no disease progression after first‐line chemotherapy.     

Adjuvant chemo- and hormonal therapy in locally advanced breast cancer: a randomized clinical study

Between 1977 and 1980, 118 breast cancer patients with locally advanced disease, T3B-4, any N, M0 or T1-3, tumor positive axillary apex biopsy, were randomized to one of three arms: I: radiotherapy (RT) to the breast and adjacent lymph node areas; II: RT followed by 12 cycles of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5 fluorouracil (CMF) and tamoxifen during the chemotherapy period; III: 2 cycles of adriamycin and vincristine (AV), alternated with 2 cycles of CMF, then RT, followed by another 4 cycles of AV, alternated with 4 CMF; tamoxifen during the entire treatment period. The median follow-up period was 5 1/2 years. The adjuvant chemo- and hormonal therapy did not improve the overall survival; the 5-year survival was 37% for all three treatment arms. There was no statistically significant difference in RFS between the three modalities, nor when arm I was compared to arm II and III together, p = 0.11. Local recurrence (LR) was observed in 24 of the 86 patients (28%) who had reached complete remission (CR). LR was not statistically different over the three treatment arms. In 18 of the 24 patients with LR, distant metastases appeared within a few months from the local recurrence. In arm III, the CR rate after 4 cycles AV plus CMF and RT hardly changed after another 8 cycles of chemotherapy. The menopausal status did not influence the treatment results. Dose reduction in more than 4 cycles of chemotherapy was accompanied by better results, p = 0.04. In conclusion: adjuvant chemo- and hormonal therapy did not improve RFS and overall survival. These findings do not support the routine use of adjuvant chemo- and endocrine therapy for inoperable breast cancer.     

High-dose 4'-epiadriamycin for treatment of breast cancer refractory to standard dose anthracycline chemotherapy: achievement of second responses

High-dose 4'-epiadriamycin chemotherapy (110-150 mg/m2) was administered to 18 patients (95 treatment cycles) with advanced breast cancer refractory to or showing progression after prior treatment with adriamycin containing combination chemotherapy regimens. Thirteen out of 18 patients showed an objective response to therapy including 1 with complete and 12 with partial response. Although haematologic suppression was profound (mean granulocyte nadir 0.3 +/- 0.1 x 10(6)/l) recovery was rapid and there was no evidence of cumulative haematologic toxicity. Cardiac toxicity was not encountered during therapy even after cumulative doses greater than 1,200 mg/m2 of anthracycline drugs. Although the response rate was high, response duration was short (median 5.8 months).     

奥沙利铂联合替吉奥治疗难治性晚期乳腺癌临床观察

目的 评价奥沙利铂联合替吉奥治疗难治性晚期乳腺癌的疗效和不良反应.方法 选择72例经病理证实已经接受分别以紫杉类、蒽环类为主的化疗方案治疗失败的晚期乳腺癌患者,予多周期奥沙利铂联合替吉奥方案化疗:第1天予奥沙利铂,135 mg/m2,加入5％葡萄糖注射液500 ml中,静脉滴注不少于2h完成;每天早、晚饭后口服替吉奥胶囊共40～ 60 mg,连服14 d,停用7d,两药均21 d重复;每2周期评价疗效,有效及稳定患者继续化疗,最长不超过6周期.结果 乳腺癌患者完全缓解2例(2.8％),部分缓解26例(36.1％),客观有效率为38.9％,疾病控制率为69.4％.患者中位无进展生存期为7.7个月,中位总生存期为12.3个月.亚组分析显示,Ⅳ期、2个及以上部位转移、既往使用紫杉类、蒽环类化疗后仍然进展的患者中位总生存期分别明显短于ⅢC期、1个部位转移、既往化疗有效及稳定的患者,差异有统计学意义(10.5个月∶15.0个月,x22=4.469,P=0.035;9.3个月∶15.0个月,x2=8.297,P=0.004;10.0个月∶14.0个月,x2=4.077,P=0.043).Ⅲ～Ⅳ级不良反应包括中性粒细胞减少(19.4％)、恶心呕吐(8.3％)和外周神经毒性(2.8％);腹泻、肝功能损害、口腔炎、贫血和手足综合征等多为Ⅰ～Ⅱ级.结论 奥沙利铂联合替吉奥治疗难治性晚期乳腺癌安全、有效,并且不良反应可以耐受.     

HR+/HER-2+晚期乳腺癌一线维持治疗的疗效分析

目的探讨激素受体阳性(HR+)/人表皮生长因子受体2阳性(HER-2+)的晚期乳腺癌患者经一线治疗达到疾病控制后,维持治疗与否对总生存期(OS)的影响。方法收集1999年1月1日至2018年3月1日HR+/HER-2+晚期乳腺癌患者的临床病理资料。根据一线治疗结束后是否维持治疗分为无维持治疗组与维持治疗组。生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法,多因素分析用Cox比例风险模型。结果共纳入HR+/HER-2+乳腺癌患者84例,维持治疗组65例(77.4%),无维持治疗组19例(22.6%),两组中位OS分别为53.8个月和28.6个月,差异有统计学意义(P=0.015)。Cox多因素分析显示,一线维持治疗是影响HR+/HER-2+晚期乳腺癌患者OS的独立因素(HR=0.456,95%CI:0.238~0.873,P=0.018)。维持治疗组中,接受单纯靶向治疗、单纯内分泌治疗、单纯化疗、靶向联合化疗与靶向联合内分泌治疗的患者分别为15例、10例、6例、13例和21例,中位OS分别为37.0个月、未达到、45.9个月、53.8个月和90.3个月。5个维持治疗亚组中位OS的差异有统计学意义(P=0.026)。与无维持治疗组比较,靶向联合内分泌治疗和单纯内分泌治疗可显著延长HR+/HER-2+晚期乳腺癌患者的中位OS(P=0.005,P=0.023)。结论HR+/HER-2+晚期乳腺癌患者经一线治疗达到疾病控制后,接受维持治疗可延长生存。     

Megestrol acetate: Phase II study of a single daily administration in advanced breast cancer

Summary A new formulation of megestrol acetate, a semisynthetic oral progestin used in the hormonal treatment of breast cancer, allows the administration of 160 mg of the drug in a single daily dose. Sixty-nine postmenopausal patients with advanced breast cancer have been treated with this regimen: five patients received megestrol acetate as first-line treatment of their metastatic disease, while all the others had been previously treated with one or more regimens of chemotherapy and/or hormone therapy. The median duration of the treatment for evaluable patients was 3 months (range 1–13+). Among 65 evaluable patients 2 complete responses and 12 partial responses (objective response rate 21.5%; 95% confidence limits 12.31%–33.49%) were observed. Median duration of response was 7 months (range 2–12+). Responses were observed both in visceral and in non-visceral sites of disease. Twenty-nine patients obtained a stabilization of disease (44.7%), and twenty-two progressed (33.8%). Median duration of stabilization was 4 months (range 3–13+). Median survival for all patients from the start of megestrol acetate was 9 months (range 1–22+). The most common side effect of therapy was weight gain, occurring in 36% of patients. Megestrol acetate on a single-daily-dose schedule can be considered as an interesting hormonal treatment for advanced breast cancer, especially in the clinical instance of patients who, after having obtained a remission or stabilization of disease with tamoxifen, need further palliative treatment.     

A phase II study of paclitaxel/cisplatin combination in patients with metastatic breast cancer refractory to anthracycline-based chemotherapy

AIMS AND BACKGROUND: To investigate the safety and efficacy of a paclitaxel and cisplatin regimen in a selected group of metastatic breast cancer patients with primary or acquired chemo-resistance to anthracycline-based chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-eight consecutive women with metastatic breast cancer (PS < or =2) were entered in this phase II trial; all patients had been previously treated for metastatic disease with chemotherapy containing anthracyclines and had shown a progression of the disease during drug administration or after a clinical response lasting less than 6 months. Fifteen patients had received 2 or more chemotherapeutic regimens for advanced disease; 31 patients had > or =2 sites of metastatic disease. Paclitaxel (135 mg/m2) was administered iv by a 3-hr infusion followed by iv infusion of cisplatin (75 mg/m2) on day 1, every 3 weeks for 6 cycles. After the completion of the planned chemotherapy administration, 9 responsive patients continued to receive paclitaxel alone (175 mg/m2) iv, on day 1, every 3 weeks, until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. RESULTS: A partial clinical response was recorded in 17 cases (45%; 95% CI, 30-64%). The median duration of overall response was 8 months; for the 9 responsive patients who continued treatment with paclitaxel alone, 4 had maintained the partial clinical response at the median follow-up of 24 months from the onset of therapy. The median time to progression was 6 months and median overall survival 8 months. Neurotoxicity was the most frequent adverse effect and caused treatment discontinuation in 5 cases for grade 3-4 paresthesia and/or an arthralgia/myalgia syndrome. Grade 3-4 neutropenia occurred in 16 patients (44%). CONCLUSIONS: Paclitaxel/cisplatin is an active regimen for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer refractory to anthracycline-based chemotherapy. However, the cumulative neurotoxicity should limit the efficacy of prolonged paclitaxel monotherapy in responsive patients.     

长春瑞滨联合卡培他滨治疗晚期乳腺癌的临床研究

目的观察长春瑞滨（vinorelbine,NVB）联合卡培他滨（capecitabine,CAPE）对蒽环和（或）紫杉类耐药的晚期乳腺癌的疗效及毒性。方法蒽环和（或）紫杉类耐药晚期乳腺癌患者29例,给予长春瑞滨25mg／m2,第1、8d,采用PICC管静脉滴注;卡培他滨每天1000mg／m2,每天2次,餐后30rain用温水送服,连用14d,休息7d,21d为1个周期。2个周期后评价疗效,有效者化疗4个周期以上。随访6—30个月。结果29例患者共化疗124个周期,化疗周期中位数为4个周期（2—10个周期）,完全缓解（CR）1例,部分缓解（PR）13例,占44．8％,稳定（SD）10例,占34．5％,进展（PD）5例,占17．2％。有效率（CR＋PR）达48．3％。中位疾病进展时间（TTP）为5．2个月,中位总生存期（OS）为18．2个月。常见不良反应为骨髓抑制、胃肠道反应和手足综合征等。结论长春瑞滨联合卡培他滨对紫杉类或蒽环类耐药的晚期乳腺癌有较好的疗效,毒性可以耐受。     

Maintenance hormone therapy with letrozole after first-line chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer

OBJECTIVES: Maintenance hormone therapy after first-line chemotherapy is routinely used by many clinicians in advanced breast cancer patients with potentially hormone-sensitive tumors, although there are insufficient evidences in the literature to support this practice. We investigated the effects of the third-generation aromatase inhibitor letrozole as a maintenance therapy in postmenopausal patients who had responded or had stable disease with first-line chemotherapy. METHODS: Fifty-eight patients (median age 62 years, range 31-80) were recruited and received letrozole, 2.5 mg/day starting within 8 weeks since the last cycle of chemotherapy. Estrogen and/or progesterone receptor status was positive in 81% of the patients, unknown in 19%; 57% of the patients had visceral disease. First-line chemotherapy included anthracyclines and/or taxanes in 74% of cases. RESULTS: The median time to progression (TTP) from starting letrozole was 18.5 months. A shorter TTP was found in patients with abnormal CA 15-3 levels at the start of maintenance letrozole (median TTP, 9.9 months: p = 0.01), or with levels increasing >25% from baseline during the first 6 months of letrozole therapy (median TTP, 8.2 months: p < 0.0001). Response status improved during letrozole in 15.5% of patients who had obtained less than a complete response to chemotherapy. Maintenance treatment was well tolerated and had no significant impact on quality of life scores. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides evidence in support of the common clinical practice of maintenance hormone therapy after chemotherapy in suitably selected patients with advanced breast cancer.