Dynamic parametric modeling-based model updating strategy of aeroengine casings

For accurate Finite Element (FE) modeling for the structural dynamics of aeroengine casings, Parametric Modeling-based Model Updating Strategy (PM-MUS) is proposed based on efficient FE parametric modeling and model updating techniques regarding uncorrelated/correlated mode shapes. Casings structure is parametrically modeled by simplifying initial structural FE model and equivalently simulating mechanical characteristics. Uncorrelated modes between FE model and experiment are reasonably handled by adopting an objective function to recognize correct correlated modes pairs. The parametrized FE model is updated to effectively describe structural dynamic characteristics in respect of testing data. The model updating technology is firstly validated by the detailed FE model updating of one fixed–fixed beam structure in light of correlated/uncorrelated mode shapes and measured mode data. The PM-MUS is applied to the FE parametrized model updating of an aeroengine stator system (casings) which is constructed by the proposed parametric modeling approach. As revealed in this study, (A) the updated models by the proposed updating strategy and dynamic test data is accurate, and (B) the uncorrelated modes like close modes can be effectively handled and precisely identify the FE model mode associated the corresponding experimental mode, and (C) parametric modeling can enhance the dynamic modeling updating of complex structure in the accuracy of mode matching. The efforts of this study provide an efficient dynamic model updating strategy (PM-MUS) for aeroengine casings by parametric modeling and experimental test data regarding uncorrelated modes.     

一种基于亚临界响应的颤振稳定性边界预测新方法

基于地面模态试验事先获取的结构模态参数,通过弹性机翼在气流中的亚临界响应,解算出作用在机翼上的非定常模态气动力系数。以弹性机翼的模态位移作为系统输入,模态气动力系数作为系统输出,通过辨识方法获得弹性机翼振动的气动力模型。在时域内耦合结构运动方程和气动力模型,建立基于试验数据的气动弹性稳定性分析模型。通过分析系统稳定性随动压的变化规律,获得弹性机翼的颤振稳定性特性。与经典颤振边界外推方法的主要区别在于该方法实质上只需要一次亚临界响应试验即可预测颤振临界点,可极大降低颤振试验的风险和成本。该方法既可用于颤振风洞试验,也可用于颤振试飞。     

基于不相关模态振型的修正技术

为充分利用试验测量结果,探讨了一种修正技术,不但有效利用试验数据中与有限元模型相关的模态信息,同时也有效利用不相关模态信息,并成功应用于某型现代高推质比涡扇发动机结构中.通过计算,修正后的模型计算值与试验测试值比较接近,误差接近0,MAC（model assurance criteria）值接近1.研究表明:利用不相关模态振型的模型修正技术能够有效得到准确的修正参数值,且修正后的有限元模型具有很高的计算精度.      

多输入/多输出频域模态识别方法及在飞机地面振动试验应用

 本文介绍了一种多输入/多输出频域模态识别方法,并由计算机仿真和实际对称结构实例检验了本方法的精度、可靠性以及处理密集和重根模态的能力。文中给出了在某型现代歼击机全机地面振动试验中的应用,结果表明:和传统多点正弦激振相位共振技术相比,试验操作简单（无需调力）,试验周期短,识别精度高;和80年代发展的多输入/多输出时域方法相比,能直接识别系统的阶（模态数）,从而减少计算工作量,避免区分真实结构模态和“噪声模态”。     

从飞机地面振动试验中识别悬臂舱模态

 <正> 带有发动机吊舱的机翼颤振临界参数是悬臂在柔性支柱上短舱质量的固有振动模态。以前的做法是认真地设计和分析,以确保满足颤振分析对支柱特殊频率的要求,然后,做悬臂情况下,发动机短舱的振动试验来论证从分析得到的这些参数是否正确。 目前,已经研究出一种分析方法,从修改飞机分析结果去匹配飞机的地面振动试验结果入手来识别这些短舱模态。并已经成功地应用该方法来代替单独的舱/支柱的地面振动试验。     

含局部非线性的月球探测器软着陆动力学模型降阶分析

为准确预估探测器着陆冲击过程的动力学响应,采用非线性有限元方法建立了探测器软着陆动力学模型,能够较全面地反映出各种非线性因素。针对非线性有限元求解耗时长的弱点,考虑到探测器的局部非线性特性,利用广义动力缩聚（GDR）方法建立了月球探测器中心体的降阶模型。提出了一种基于脉冲响应函数的模态截断准则,在广义动力缩聚方法的基础上筛选少数几阶模态影响系数（MIC）较高的模态表征中心体的加速度响应,能够进一步降低模型的阶数。将降阶的中心体模型与含非线性的缓冲机构连接后进行的软着陆动力学分析能够准确而快速地预估探测器测点的加速度响应,与非降阶模型对比,计算时间缩短了75.5%,加速度响应的相对峰值误差控制在5%以内。数值仿真表明,广义动力缩聚方法能够有效地解决传统非线性有限元方法求解效率低的问题,本文所提模态截断准则的优点是适于求解模态密集问题并且与系统的输入输出无关。     

某航空发动机机匣的动力学模型修正

利用动力学模型修正技术对某航空发动机机匣的有限元模型进行了修正.通过振动模态测试得到了实际机匣的模态数据用以作为有限元模型 修正的基准.利用频率对单元刚度的灵敏度分析选定了修正区域.在此基础上,应用1阶优化方法对机匣的有限元模型进行修正.研究结果表明:修正后机匣有限元模型的前10阶模态的计算值与实际测试的误差都在29%以内,可以应用在后续的发动机整机动力学分析等方面.      

Improvement of numerical methods for crash analysis in future composite aircraft design

Recent aircraft as well as rotorcraft design technologies include more and more composite materials. Their high mechanical characteristics and high mass specific energy absorption capability motivate their use in large primary structures as well as in sub-floor structural and crashworthy components in preference to metals. Due to the increased performance of computers and new explicit finite element (FE) software developments industry now considers using crash simulation technologies to study the crashworthiness of new aircraft design. In order to address the crash analysis of composite structures, which is much more difficult than the behaviour of ductile metallic structures, a German/French research co-operation was set up between ONERA and DLR. This paper summarises results from the first 3 years collaboration and some work performed within a European research project on composite fuselage structures. In the first part of the paper, ONERA presents its contribution to the characterisation of composite materials from 10⁻⁵ s⁻¹ up to 100 s⁻¹ on hydraulic machines. Simulations have been undertaken to model the tests and evaluate the FE codes. In the second part DLR studies are presented on the application of a commercial explicit FE code to simulate the behaviour of generic energy absorbing composite sub-floor elements, representative for helicopters and general aviation aircraft, under low velocity crash conditions (up to 15 m/s). This includes some comparisons between predicted structural response and failure modes with observed test results.     

动载下的圆柱齿轮接触应力分析

本文研究了一般三维弹性接触问题的有限元局部网格密化技术 ,并在此基础上结合有限元—线性规划法首次提出了一种计算直齿和斜齿圆柱齿轮啮合过程接触应力分布的方法。文中以一对航空斜齿圆柱齿轮为例 ,计算了在系统动载和静载作用下该对斜齿轮不同接触线上的接触应力 ,并与航标进行了对比分析。计算结果表明本文方法及其微机用程序系统是快速可靠的。     

Hierarchical model updating strategy of complex assembled structures with uncorrelated dynamic modes

In structural simulation and design, an accurate computational model directly determines the effectiveness of performance evaluation. To establish a high-fidelity dynamic model of a complex assembled structure, a Hierarchical Model Updating Strategy(HMUS) is developed for Finite Element(FE) model updating with regard to uncorrelated modes. The principle of HMUS is first elaborated by integrating hierarchical modeling concept, model updating technology with proper uncorrelated mode treatment, and...     

一种确定模型误差位置的方法

本文首先由解析有限元模型的模态矩阵,得到未测量自由度与已测量自由度模态之间的变换关系,利用该关系对解析模型进行缩聚。然后针对缩聚后的特征方程,利用解析刚度矩阵和质量矩阵以及实测的模态参数确定模型误差位置。模拟结果表明,该方法可行。     

潜在故障期内航空发动机的剩余寿命预测

在航空发动机的潜在故障期内,状态参数的变化规律可以间接地预测发动机的剩余寿命。针对潜在故障期内的特点,利用随机滤波理论建立了航空发动机的剩余寿命预测模型,并采用K-M法检验发动机性能参数的退化数据服从威布尔分布,按照最优线性无偏估计的点估计方法和极大似然函数法对相关参数进行点估计,举例对某型航空发动机在潜在故障期内的剩余寿命进行了预测。模型有效地预测了航空发动机的剩余寿命,为航空发动机的视情维修提供了决策依据。     

Modelling and analysis of metal flowing behaviors in constraining ring rolling of tapered ring with thin wall and three high ribs

Tapered ring with thin wall and three high ribs(TRTWTHR), showing complicated geometry(wall thickness is less than 4 mm and rib height exceeds 20 mm), is extensively utilized to fabricate the critical structural parts of aerospace equipment such as spacecraft cabin, rocket body and fuel tank because of light weight and high carrying capacity. How to fabricate TRTWTHR with high performance is a critical problem that aerospace area needs to solve. In this work, constraining ring rolling(CRR) techn...     

气动弹性剪裁中的响应值敏度

进行了一种用解析方法求气动弹性剪裁中的结构响应值敏度的研究。推导了结构的气动弹性响应(位移,振动形态和频率,静气动弹性效率和发散,颤振 )对设计变量导数的封闭解析表达式。设计变量可包含复合材料结构的铺层方向角。广义气动力导数计及正交振动形态导数的影响。经实例验算,所求得的敏度,与差分法相比,数值上吻合得很好。此方法已成功地应用于 CAE倡导发展的结构优化设计程序系统。     

A hierarchical updating method for finite element model of airbag buffer system under landing impact

In this paper, we propose an impact finite element(FE) model for an airbag landing buffer system. First, an impact FE model has been formulated for a typical airbag landing buffer system. We use the independence of the structure FE model from the full impact FE model to develop a hierarchical updating scheme for the recovery module FE model and the airbag system FE model.Second, we define impact responses at key points to compare the computational and experimental results to resolve the inconsistency between the experimental data sampling frequency and experimental triggering. To determine the typical characteristics of the impact dynamics response of the airbag landing buffer system, we present the impact response confidence factors(IRCFs) to evaluate how consistent the computational and experiment results are. An error function is defined between the experimental and computational results at key points of the impact response(KPIR)to serve as a modified objective function. A radial basis function(RBF) is introduced to construct updating variables for a surrogate model for updating the objective function, thereby converting the FE model updating problem to a soluble optimization problem. Finally, the developed method has been validated using an experimental and computational study on the impact dynamics of a classic airbag landing buffer system.     

高速颤振模型设计中颤振主要模态的判断

颤振模型设计时难以实现完全的动力学相似,需要对颤振主要模态进行合理选择。采用数值分析方法,对颤振模型设计时主要模态的选取问题进行研究。通过各阶模态振型下气动刚度系数的比较、指定运动形式下广义非定常气动力的计算和不同模态截断下颤振结果的收敛特性分析,研究了颤振分析时不同模态运动之间的相互影响,对模态运动引起的气动力和颤振特性变化进行评估。以高超翼面模型为研究对象的数值算例结果表明,几种分析方法所判断的颤振主要模态基本一致。其中基于振型的广义气动刚度系数参数,避免了非定常气动力的计算,可作为颤振模型设计或颤振分析时主要模态选取的快速判断方法。     

A dynamic modeling approach for nonlinear vibration analysis of the L-type pipeline system with clamps

There exists a lot of research on the nonlinear vibration of the pipeline system with different boundary conditions. To the best of our knowledge, little research on the actual constraint of the clamp has been performed. In this paper, according to hysteresis loops of the clamp obtained from experimental test, the simplified bilinear stiffness and damping model is proposed. Then the Finite Element (FE) model of L-type pipeline system with clamps is established using Timoshenko beam theory in combination with aforementioned stiffness-damping model. Both hammering and shaker tests verify the FE model via the comparisons of natural frequencies and vibration responses. The results show that the maximum errors of natural frequencies and vibration responses are about 8.31% and 17.6%, respectively. The proposed model can simulate the dynamic characteristics of the L-type pipeline system with clamps well, which is helpful to provide some guidance for the early design stage of pipeline in aero-engine.     

无槽环形绕组轴向磁通永磁电机空载反电动势解析

无槽环形绕组有两种类型,即扇形绕组和矩形绕组。针对这两种绕组空间分布对空载反电动势的影响,分别对两种绕组轴向磁通永磁电机的空载反电动势进行了解析推导。在气隙磁密解析计算时,提出通过建立虚拟等效直线电机模型用以计算气隙磁场端部效应函数。为了验证解析公式的正确性,以一台电机方案为例,利用推导的解析公式对空载反电动势进行了计算,与有限元计算结果进行了对比,结果表明解析计算结果和有限元计算结果相对误差小于2.1%,满足工程要求。因此,推导的空载反电动势解析公式可以作为电机设计人员参考使用。     

旋翼动态升力实验及理论分析

建立了计入动力入流的旋翼动载荷分析模型,在旋翼模型试验台上进行了悬停状态总距激振的铰接式旋翼动态升力实验研究,理论计算与试验吻合很好。分析表明,激振频率越小,动力入流对悬停状态旋翼动升力影响越大;静态总距越小,动力入流的影响也越大。     

中心进气的旋转盘平均换热特性研究

实际发动机的气冷涡轮盘结构被简化成具有中心进气的旋转盘模型, 以实验方法研究了旋转雷诺数Re、进气流量系数C_w、间隙比G和出气间隙比G_s对旋转盘表面平均换热特性的影响。在本实验范围内, Re较大时, 它对盘面的Nu有较为明显的影响;C_w的增大会提高转盘表面的换热能力;G和G_s对盘面的N_u影响较小。根据实验结果给出了一个计算旋转盘表面平均对流换热系数的经验关系式。