固定化酵母生产蜂蜜酒的研究

对固定化酵母生产蜂蜜酒的工艺条件进行了研究，通过L9(3^4)正交试验确定了最适固定化条件为Na-Alg 1．0％，CaCl2 1．0％，固定化时间1h，7#针头凝胶球；最佳发酵条件为底物浓度18％，pH4．2，32℃，接种量1．4％。(丹妮)     

固定化酵母发酵生产蜂蜜酒

采用改良的海藻酸钙包埋法制备固定化酵母,进行混合菌种分批式发酵生产蜂蜜酒,与传统的游离细胞发酵相比,该法在保持蜂蜜酒良好风味的前提下,生产周期(主酵与后酵澄清)缩短一半,糖酒转化率提高2%以上。     

葡萄酒酵母和酵母营养物对蜂蜜酒发酵的影响

实验研究了 3株葡萄酒酵母 (Saccharomycescerevisiae)D2 4、C19和CHP在蜂蜜酒发酵过程中的特性 ,初步探讨了蜂蜜酒的发酵工艺流程 ,对成品酒进行了理化指标和感官特征的分析 ,确定了酿造蜂蜜酒的优选葡萄酒酵母菌株为C19,并以C19发酵蜂蜜酒作为对照 ,在发酵过程中分别进行添加两种酵母营养物Helper和酵母浸膏的处理 ,观察各处理的发酵过程变化 ,并分析成酒的品质 ,实验结果表明 :以Helper为酵母营养物且添加浓度为 10g/hL时 ,提高了蜂蜜酒的发酵速度 ,使蜂蜜酒获得了最佳的感观品质。     

小曲中优质产酯酵母分离鉴定及其产酯条件优化

从酿酒小曲中分离获得优质产酯菌株Y5,经产酯培养基初筛其总酯2.684 g/L,乙酸乙酯含量为2.481g/L。经生理生化实验和分子鉴定,确定Y5菌株为异常威克汉姆酵母(Wickerhamomyces anomalus)。通过采用单因素和四因素四水平正交实验对该菌产酯条件进行优化,试验结果表明在初始p H 4、乙醇体积分数4%的培养基中30℃恒温发酵3d为最适产酯条件,其Y5菌株总酯产量为4.065 g/L,乙酸乙酯产量3.677 g/L。相比优化之前,其总酯含量显著提高51.5%,乙酸乙酯含量显著提高48.2%。     

酵母胞外酶的产酯发酵条件优化研究

以观音土曲中的一株酵母菌Y2为研究对象,将菌株Y2在发酵培养基培养后取其胞外酶,并将其运用于酯化反应体系中进行催化反应,以产酯能力为评价指标,先后采用单因素试验和正交试验优化菌株Y2产酯发酵条件。结果表明,当酵母菌接种量为4%、培养基初始pH值为5、发酵温度为30 ℃、发酵时间为4 d时,菌株Y2具有最高产酯力1.24 g/L。     

蜂蜜酒澄清条件研究

选择皂土、壳聚糖、交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVPP)和明胶4种澄清剂对蜂蜜酒进行澄清试验。通过单因素、均匀试验对澄清条件进行优化。结果表明：当皂土添加量0.35 g/L、壳聚糖添加量1.75 g/L、PVPP添加量0.1 g/L、明胶添加量0.3 g/L时,蜂蜜酒的透光率为93.6%,与理论值的相对误差为0.6%。     

中高温大曲产酯酵母代谢产酯性能研究

从川南知名酒厂中高温大曲中筛选出的产酯酵母经分离、鉴定,以自然发酵方式产酯,选出产酯最高的酵母菌株再进行产酯条件的优化,根据响应面得出该菌株最优发酵条件.结果表明,当可溶性淀粉添加量9.35 g/L、蛋白胨添加量3.02 g/L、磷酸二氢钾添加量0.30 g/L、乙酸添加量0.5％、乙醇添加量5％、温度35℃、转速15...     

两株产酯酵母在不同保藏期的产酯试验及最佳产酯条件试验

本文主要对2.155、2.182两株产酯菌株进行了不同产酯试验,论述了菌株在不同的保藏期均具有较稳定的产酯能力。     

产酯酵母和耐高温酵母原生质体形成与再生条件研究

选取脱壁预处理时间、蜗牛酶浓度、酶解时间三因素设计三因素三水平正交试验来研究产酯酵母和耐高温酵母原生质体形成与再生条件。结果表明,产酯酵母原生质体形成与再生最佳条件为：预处理20min、1%蜗牛酶酶解30min;耐高温酵母为：预处理10min,1.5%蜗牛酶酶解60min。     

Physicochemical property changes during the fermentation of longan (Dimocarpus longan) mead and its aroma composition using multiple yeast inoculations

Mead is a traditional drink obtained from diluted honey with the appropriate yeast inoculations. However, the production of mead is time‐consuming, and the process often takes several months to accomplish. During the elaboration of mead, sluggish and stuck fermentations often occur and lead to the production of undesirable flavours. To improve the condition of longan mead production in Taiwan, multiple yeast inoculations with different strains of yeast were examined in this study. The physicochemical properties and mead aroma compounds were measured. Longan mead without multiple inoculations, but with added yeast nutrients, displayed a sharp increase in ethanol content compared with the inoculated groups without yeast nutrients. However, the physicochemical properties of every mead reached almost the same endpoint at the end of the fermentation time (day 22). Moreover, differences among the groups were observed in their aroma compounds. Some aroma compounds, such as 2‐methyltetrahydrothiophen‐3‐one, 1‐propanol and 2‐methylbutyl acetate, were only found in the double‐inoculation groups, whereas other aroma compounds, such as phenethyl acetate and linalool, were only found in the single‐yeast inoculation groups. These results demonstrate that multiple inoculations have a positive effect on longan mead fermentation. This technique could assist local producers in elaborating a longan mead of acceptable quality. Copyright © 2013 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling     

益生菌发酵模拟芒果汁特性及产香能力分析

该研究选用2株非酿酒酵母（粘红酵母（Rhodotorula glutinis）（RG）、美极梅奇酵母（Metschnikowia pulcherrima）（MP））和2株乳酸菌（植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum）（LP）、干酪乳杆菌（Lactobacillus casei）（LC））发酵模拟芒果汁,考察益生菌在模拟芒果汁中的生长、发酵特性和产香能力。结果表明,4株益生菌在模拟芒果汁中均能良好生长,发酵模拟芒果汁72 h后,乳酸菌的产酸能力较好,且植物乳杆菌产酸能力最强,发酵模拟芒果汁的pH和有机酸含量分别为3.63、18.04 g/L;非酿酒酵母的糖利用能力较好,且粘红酵母的糖利用能力最好,发酵模拟芒果汁的糖含量为23.73 g/L;4株益生菌均能降解类胡萝卜素,其中植物乳杆菌的降解率最高,为21.22%;植物乳杆菌和粘红酵母的产香能力较好,从发酵模拟芒果汁均鉴定出19种挥发性香气成分,且降异戊二烯香气含量较高,分别为2.42 mg/L、2.57 mg/L。     

响应面法优化五味子蜂蜜酒发酵工艺

以五味子和蜂蜜为主要原料制备五味子蜂蜜酒,以感官评分为评价指标,采用单因素试验及响应面试验对其发酵工艺条件进行优化,并对五味子蜂蜜酒的挥发性风味成分及理化指标进行测定。结果表明,五味子蜂蜜酒的最佳发酵工艺条件为：五味子含量1.9%、初始可溶性固形物含量25%、酵母接种量0.16%、初始p H值4.0。在此优化工艺条件下,五味子蜂蜜酒的感官评分为84.2分,酒精度为11.2%vol,总糖、总酸、可溶性固形物、木脂素、总多糖含量分别为24.6 g/L、6.1 g/L、8.8%、0.062 g/100 g、0.047 g/100 g。五味子蜂蜜酒中共检出挥发性香气成分17种,其中,酯类6种,醇类7种,烯类3种,醚类1种,主要的香气物质为乙醇、苯丙醇、2-甲基丁醇、D-柠檬烯和己酸乙酯。五味子蜂蜜酒呈琥珀色,具有浓郁果香与酒香。     

不同天然香料物质对蜂蜜酒发酵及品质的影响

对蜂蜜酒的发酵醪中添加不同的天然香料进行了研究。初步建立了生产天然香料蜂蜜酒的工艺流程，对各种成酒进行了理化指标的分析，结果表明：添加天然香料后，与对照相比蜂蜜酒的发酵速度有较明显的提高，终产品中的酒精度增加、残糖量减少，其中以添加贡菊和玫瑰的发酵表现改善得最为明显，添加香料成分还提高了蜂蜜酒的品质，使香气和口感更加宜人。     

富硒酵母的选育及其发酵条件的优化试验

通过对一株耐硒酵母进行UV和60Co逐级诱变,获得一株产量高的突变株Y7,发酵液的硒总含量达19mg/L,是出发菌株的1.58倍,经多次传代试验,证明其稳定性良好。通过单因素、L16(37)正交试验对其发酵培养基和培养条件进行优化,试验表明富硒酵母发酵培养基的最佳配方是:蔗糖6%,牛肉膏1%,蛋白胨1%,K2HPO4 0.15%,亚硒酸钠35μg/L;最佳培养条件:初始pH为4.0,温度32℃,装液量60mL/250mL摇瓶,转速200r/min,10%(v/v)接种量,培养48h。富硒酵母的硒总含量达23mg/L以上,是出发菌株的1.92倍。     

酒曲中产酯酵母的筛选及培养条件的研究

采用稀释涂布法从酿酒用曲中筛选到16株产酯能力强、形态各异的酵母菌株,从中优选产酯量最高的1株酵母菌为研究对象,进行产酯条件的研究。通过正交试验,确定较优菌株生长的最适培养条件为温度26℃、pH值为7、培养时间18h、葡萄糖含量为4%（w/v）。对产酯酵母进行耐酒精试验结果表明,最高耐受酒精度为6%vol,有望将其应用到果酒生产中提高果酒品质。     

Production and characterization of mead from the honey of Melipona scutellaris stingless bees

Mead is a traditional alcoholic beverage obtained by fermenting must and can offer a solution to honey over‐production and a way of valorizing honey of lower quality. The purpose of this study was to produce and characterize mead with different levels of sugars and alcohol obtained from honey from Melipona scutellaris. The honey used for mead preparation was analysed in order to ensure that it met the required quality standards. It was found that the alcoholic content and volatile acidity were outwith the limits established by Brazilian law. Mead legislation is based on the product obtained from Apis mellifera (‘honey bee’) honey and these results indicate the need to re‐evaluate the standards established for this product in order to incorporate mead produced from honey from stingless bees of the genus Melipona. Copyright © 2018 The Institute of Brewing & Distilling     

枸杞酒发酵菌种的筛选及其香气分析

为筛选一株适合枸杞酒生产的酵母菌,考察活性干酵母K1、DSM、BY、DV10、EC118和安琪酵母的发酵能力,选择产酒精能力和产酒香乙酸异戊酯能力较强的安琪酵母、BY酵母和EC118酵母,进一步测定酒样中枸杞香气成分含量。采用气-质联用技术分析不同枸杞酒的香气成分,发现BY酵母的枸杞香气成分含量达到12.56mg/L,是安琪酵母和EC118酵母的1.44倍和1.91倍。综合考虑发酵能力和酒样的枸杞香气成分含量,选择BY酵母作为生产枸杞酒的菌种。     

富锗酵母生产工艺的优化

以啤酒酵母为生产菌种、麦芽汁玉米浆为培养基,在发酵液中添加GeO2,通过生物富集作用生产富锗酵母。由正交试验得出生产富锗酵母的最佳工艺条件,即在麦芽汁培养基中添加3%玉米浆,100mg/kgGeO2,糖度10°Bx,发酵时间为24h,锗含量达978.4μg/g。     

Influence of yeast mannoproteins in the aroma improvement of white wines

Abstract: In the present work, 3 different yeast strains (1, 2, and 3) were used to elaborate white wines using Albariño must. The concentration of polymeric mannose was determined using a method based on the mannoprotein precipitation, hydrolysis and analysis of sylylated mannose derivatives by gas chromatography. Wines elaborated with the strain 1 (W1) presented a higher mannoprotein concentration than the other wines. The analysis of the volatile composition of wines showed significant differences (P < 0.05) among them, being W1 which presented the highest concentration of aroma compounds, mainly terpens and norisoprenoids. The sensorial analysis of wines also showed that W1 had the best quality. The results obtained from this work demonstrate that mannoproteins could be involved in the behavior observed. Some evidences were obtained using a model wine, where 2 major terpens in W1 were preferentially retained by the colloids rich in mannoproteins released by strain 1. Practical Application: White wines elaborated with yeast strains overproducing mannoproteins could have better quality than others. Mannoproteins could contribute to aroma enhancement of Albariño white wines