智能公话系统中Web Services整合平台研究与实现

根据智能公话系统访问数字增值业务的需要，提出一种利用Web Services技术和CORBA技术等实现的整合平台．Web Services整合平台可以动态实时地实现各种数字增值业务的整合．可以使服务提供商通过Internet远程注册来完成服务描述和服务工作流的增加、修改．通过调用存储在数据库中的服务元数据，来完成动态的Web SerVices调用，具有灵活，方便等特点．在简要介绍智能公话系统结构的基础上，阐述了Web Services整合平台的结构、设计、实现和性能分析。     

集成智能大厦管理系统IBMS的设计

针对现有的楼宇管理系统存在着信息共享程度低，开放性和可扩展性差等问题，本文提出并实现了一种基于CORBA平台的开放分布式智能大厦管理系统体系结构，它由界面层，业务相关的核心服务层和通用的协议转换网关层组成，界面层提供用户使用系统的GUI界面或基于Web页面来访问系统的方式；核心层由一组智能建筑行业通用的服务组成，协议转换网关提供与各控制设备子系统和各种第三方应用软件的通用接口，这 体系结构以信息的交换和共享为中心，采用ORB作为软件总线，为智能建筑的各控制设备子系统和各种第三方应用提供了统一的互操作的接口，对智能建筑业的发展和标准化有重要的意义。     

CORBA集成智能大厦

在剖析智能大厦中央集成功能的同时，提出了基于对象中间件CORBA作为基础平台的集成模式。根据智能大厦应急反应实时性的特点，引入了多种技术提高CORBA基础平台性能，如连接池、线程池、UDP的支持等，为集成产品的性能、稳定性和伸缩性奠定了基础。     

冶金过程控制系统开发平台中服务请求代理的设计与实现

服务请求代理是工作在分布式网络环境中的一组应用程序,它为分布式网络环境中的应用程序提供互操作功能。它就像一个"通讯总线",使程序间可以透明的发送请求和接收响应。本文描述了"冶金过程控制系统开发平台"的核心组件--服务请求代理的设计与实现过程,并简单介绍了该系统在工程中的应用情况。     

信息交换平台在行业的应用

信息交换平台业务是以互联网为基础,以IT技术为手段,以VPN、电话、短信等为安全接入手段,支持企业间高效安全的数据和信息交换的企业间信息交换公共平台。中国电信负责信息交换平台应用程序的建立、维护与升级,对应用系统进行管理。所有这些服务的交付,都是基于网络(或互联网)进行的,客户通过网络远程获取这些服务。信息交换平台的架构由中国电信提供的信息交换平台,整合了行业内或行业间的信息资源,实现信息共享。平台通过提供标准化的统一接口,提供与各种应用系统和异构数据库的适应性;采用多种防范手段,防止非法侵入系统、非法操作,实…     

基于CORBA的分布式信息交换处理系统模型

讨论了分布对象技术在大型分布式企业计算环境中的应用,给出了分布式信息交换处理系统的软件体系结构和模型实现。传统的大型分布式企业计算环境具有如下应用特征：异构平台繁多、存在多种遗留应用、大量业务应用系统不能实现透明的互联互操作。针对上述特征,系统采用当前分布对象技术中的主流－CORBA技术,设计与实现了一个分布式信息交换处理集成平台,为企业内部繁多的业务应用系统提供了一个应用集成框架,将企业内各类复杂的计算资源集成为一个有机的整体。     

基于CORBA的电信网络管理系统实现方法

电信管理网提供了电信网络的管理功能。文章分析比较了电信管理网和公共对象请求代理体系结构的特点，讨论了CORBA在TMN中的应用方式，设计、实现了一个基于CORBA的TMN管理系统，并以其中的故障告警管理功能为例介绍了系统的实现方法。     

一种基于CORBA/Java的网络智能专家系统

文中介绍了一种利用CORBA／Java相结合技术构建的网络智能专家系统，对它的开发背景、系统结构、开发平台、开发内容进行了阐述，并重点探讨了用CORBA/Java相结合的技术来实现网络智能专家系统的主要方案，主要包括系统的功能模块、知识库的设计、在网络环境下的推理机的设计、对知识库的访问以及系统的实现方法。     

基于智能应用平台的适配器的设计

智能应用平台(IAP)有效解决了城市应急联动系统的系统集成问题,其中适配器为各城市应急子系统接入到IAP提供了适配转换桥梁。本文以Windows平台下IAP适配器的设计为例,从模块结构、内部消息机制到具体模块详细设计等方面阐述了IAP适配器设计及实现。该智能应用平台已成功应用到各地的城市应急联动系统建设中。     

基于CORBA的XML数据交换服务体系结构与实现

目前电子商务和其它众多Internet 应用遇到了数据格式不同，系统平台不兼容，复杂的分布式环境等问题，该文针对以上问题，在介绍XML特点、用XML实现数据交换服务以及使用XSL实现数据映射交换方法的基础上，提出了基于CORBA的数据交换服务体系结构，并探讨了客户端-数据中心-客户端模式的XML数据交换服务系统的设计和实现。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

Enhancing a leaf radiative transfer model to estimate concentrations and in vivo specific absorption coefficients of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b from single-needle reflectance and transmittance

The relative concentrations of different pigments within a leaf have significant physiological and spectral consequences. Photosynthesis, light use efficiency, mass and energy exchange, and stress response are dependent on relationships among an ensemble of pigments. This ensemble also determines the visible characteristics of a leaf, which can be measured remotely and used to quantify leaf biochemistry and structure. But current remote sensing approaches are limited in their ability to resolve individual pigments. This paper focuses on the incorporation of three pigments—chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total carotenoids—into the LIBERTY leaf radiative transfer model to better understand relationships between leaf biochemical, biophysical, and spectral properties.Pinus ponderosa and Pinus jeffreyi needles were collected from three sites in the California Sierra Nevada. Hemispheric single-leaf visible reflectance and transmittance and concentrations of chlorophylls a and b and total carotenoids of fresh needles were measured. These data were input to the enhanced LIBERTY model to estimate optical and biochemical properties of pine needles. The enhanced model successfully estimated reflectance (RMSE = 0.0255, BIAS = 0.00477, RMS%E = 16.7%), had variable success estimating transmittance (RMSE = 0.0442, BIAS = 0.0294, RMS%E = 181%), and generated very good estimates of carotenoid concentrations (RMSE = 2.48 µg/cm², BIAS = 0.143 µg/cm², RMS%E = 20.4%), good estimates of chlorophyll a concentrations (RMSE = 10.7 µg/cm², BIAS = − 0.992 µg/cm², RMS%E = 21.1%), and fair estimates of chlorophyll b concentrations (RMSE = 7.49 µg/cm², BIAS = − 2.12 µg/cm², RMS%E = 43.7%). Overall root mean squared errors of reflectance, transmittance, and pigment concentration estimates were lower for the three-pigment model than for the single-pigment model. The algorithm to estimate three in vivo specific absorption coefficients is robust, although estimated values are distorted by inconsistencies in model biophysics. The capacity to invert the model from single-leaf reflectance and transmittance was added to the model so it could be coupled with vegetation canopy models to estimate canopy biochemistry from remotely sensed data.     

Mr. Twinn’s bombes

This article discusses the history and design of the special versions of the bombe key-finding machines used by Britain’s Government Code & Cypher School (GC&CS) during World War II to attack the Enigma traffic of the Abwehr (the German military intelligence service). These special bombes were based on the design of their more numerous counterparts used against the traffic of the German armed services, but differed from them in important ways that highlight the adaptability of the British bombe design, and the power and flexibility of the diagonal board. Also discussed are the changes in the Abwehr indicating system that drove the development of these machines, the ingenious ways in which they were used, and some related developments involving the bombes used by the U.S. Navy’s cryptanalytic unit (OP-20-G).