侧向冲击作用下钢管混凝土柱动力响应 试验研究及计算方法

为了揭示钢管混凝土柱在侧向冲击荷载作用下的破坏机理,完成了7个钢管混凝土柱和1个部分填充钢管混凝土柱以及1个空钢管柱的水平横向冲击试验,考虑了冲击速度、冲击质量、冲击能量以及柱端约束等关键因素对钢管混凝土柱侧向冲击动力响应的影响。结果表明：与空钢管柱比较,钢管混凝土柱和部分填充钢管混凝土柱在侧向冲击荷载下的抗冲击承载力、抗变形能力提高显著;一端固支一端简支的钢管混凝土柱易发生受剪破坏,而悬臂柱则发生根部弯曲破坏;钢管混凝土柱的冲击力和残余位移均随着冲击速度、冲击能量的增大而显著增大。结合现行钢管混凝土结构设计规范,通过引入动力放大系数R和能量吸收比k提出了钢管混凝土结构柱抗冲击承载力计算方法,并明确了系数R与k的取值方法。     

火灾后型钢混凝土柱承载力影响因素分析

残余承载力在火灾后型钢混凝土结构鉴定加固中起着重要的作用,通过有限元方法对型钢混凝土柱进行了火灾中升温降温传热分析,编制计算程序获得了截面最高温度场,同时计算出了不同影响参数条件下的火灾后型钢混凝土柱截面Nu-Mu相关曲线。分析了不同因素对火灾后型钢混凝土柱正截面承载力的影响,结果表明受火时间对残余承载力影响显著,含钢率和钢筋配筋率对残余承载力系数影响不大,较大的截面尺寸有利于提高残余承载力。     

火灾后方钢管钢筋混凝土短柱承载力分析

在确定了ISO-834标准火灾作用后钢材和混凝土应力应变关系的基础上,首先利用ABAQUS有限元软件建立火灾作用后方钢管钢筋混凝土短柱温度场及力学分析模型,计算结果得到以往试验结果验证。然后分析了截面边长、配筋率、受火时间、含钢率、材料强度等参数对火灾作用后钢管钢筋混凝土短柱承载力的影响规律,结果表明,受火时间、截面边长是影响其承载力的主要因素。最后提出了火灾作用后方钢管钢筋混凝土短柱承载力的理论公式, 为其灾后修复和加固提供参考。     

火灾后中空夹层钢管混凝土柱偏压力学性能研究

为了深入研究火灾后中空夹层钢管混凝土在偏心荷载作用下的力学性能,利用有限元软件建立模型进行模拟分析,并与试验结果进行比较,二者结果吻合良好。对偏压构件的温度场进行计算,并以受火时间、偏心距、名义含钢率、外钢管屈服强度、混凝土抗压强度为主要变化参数,深入剖析了圆中空夹层钢管混凝土柱的偏压工作机理,并对其典型的荷载-跨中挠度关系曲线进行分析。结果表明:随着受火时间增加、偏心距增加、名义含钢率减小、外钢管屈服强度降低以及混凝土抗压强度的降低,构件的承载力均呈现出降低的趋势;构件的刚度随着受火时间的增加、偏心距的增加以及名义含钢率的降低而减小;构件的延性随着受火时间的增加以及偏心距的增加而变好。     

钢骨混凝土轴压柱抗火极限承载力计算

提出了在标准火灾升温作用下钢骨混凝土轴压柱极限承载力与变形的计算方法,通过试验对计算方法进行了验证。在此基础上,对混凝土强度、钢骨强度、钢骨含钢率、截面尺寸和受火时间等承载力影响参数进行了计算分析,并分别给出了拟合计算式,可供钢骨混凝土柱抗火设计参考。     

轻骨料钢管混凝土短柱受火后力学性能的试验研究

钢管陶粒混凝土不仅具有陶粒混凝土轻质的特点,也拥有一般钢管混凝土结构的良好延性,但目前对火灾后钢管陶粒混凝土结构的性能还缺乏研究。通过对3组12根钢管陶粒混凝土短柱受火后力学性能的对比试验研究,讨论不同参数的钢管陶粒混凝土短柱受火后的剩余承载力和破坏形态的变化,重点讨论火灾最高保持温度、最高炉温持续时间、试件长细比、含钢率等参数对钢管陶粒混凝土短柱承载力和延性的影响。试验结果表明,钢管陶粒混凝土短柱受火后仍然具有较高的承载力和良好的延性,火灾后多数试件的荷载-位移曲线并没有出现下降段,甚至出现承载力部分下降后又重新上升的趋势。火灾持续时间及最高炉温对钢管陶粒混凝土短柱火灾后承载力的影响幅度与试件的几何参数有关,且试件的长细比越大,最高炉温变化对承载力所产生的影响越显著。     

不同火灾工况下钢梁-钢管混凝土柱平面框架受火全过程分析

采用多尺度建模方法建立了考虑钢材高温蠕变的三层三跨钢梁-钢管混凝土柱平面框架火灾全过程热-力耦合数值模型,研究不同火灾工况下平面框架经历常温加载、恒载升温、降温和火灾后等不同受火阶段的力学性能。在与已有试验对比验证的基础上,分析了框架经历升温和降温后受火钢梁跨中挠度和受火柱顶轴向变形与升降温时间关系,计算了火灾后框架底层柱底水平荷载P-框架顶层水平位移Δ关系曲线。研究结果表明：钢材的高温蠕变是钢材在热力耦合作用下应变的一部分,计算过程中需要考虑其影响;钢梁在升温过程中由于高温膨胀对框架柱产生外推作用,而进入降温阶段后钢梁产生明显的收缩变形;框架底层三跨同时受火时钢梁跨中挠曲变形最大,受火初期柱顶轴向压缩变形小于膨胀变形;受火后框架水平承载力和初始刚度均随受火区域的增大呈下降趋势。     

火灾后钢骨-方钢管混凝土短柱的轴压力学性能研究

通过对3根钢骨-方钢管高强混凝土柱按ISO834标准曲线升温作用后进行轴压承载力试验,探究均匀受火后以及不均匀受火后钢骨-方钢管混凝土柱的轴压力学性能。试验结果表明:相同条件下内置钢骨的方钢管混凝土柱承载力损伤程度要小于钢管混凝土柱;与钢骨-方钢管混凝土柱在均匀受火后相比,不均匀受火后试件的承载力损失程度较轻。同时在确定高温作用后钢材以及混凝土应力-应变关系的基础上,利用数值方法得出火灾作用后轴压构件轴压-应变关系曲线,试验结果验证了理论分析结果的正确性。并利用理论模型分析配骨指标、套箍指标等因素对构件火灾后钢骨-方钢管混凝土柱轴压承载力的影响,分析结果表明受火时间、截面边长以及配骨指标都对火灾后构件轴压承载力的影响较大。     

火灾作用后钢管混凝土柱的承载力研究

在确定了钢材和混凝土在高温作用后应力 应变关系模型的基础上 ,本文利用数值分析方法成功地计算出ISO 83 4规定的标准升温曲线作用后圆钢管混凝土和方钢管混凝土压弯构件荷载 变形关系曲线 ,理论计算结果和试验结果基本吻合。在系统分析火灾持续时间、构件截面含钢率、钢材种类、混凝土强度等级、荷载偏心率和构件截面尺寸等因素对火灾作用后钢管混凝土构件承载力影响规律的基础上 ,提出火灾作用后圆钢管混凝土和方钢管混凝土构件承载力的简化计算方法     

FRP-圆钢管混凝土柱受剪性能试验研究

通过12根FRP-圆钢管混凝土试件和1根圆钢管混凝土对比试件的抗剪试验,研究环向包裹FRP布时圆钢管混凝土柱的受剪性能,分析了剪跨比、轴压比、含钢率、混凝土强度、FRP布层数等对FRP-圆钢管混凝土柱受剪性能的影响。研究结果表明,从开始加载至FRP布断裂,FRP布和钢管保持协同工作,FRP-圆钢管混凝土柱具有良好的变形能力。剪跨比和含钢率显著影响FRP-圆钢管混凝土柱的受剪承载力,FRP-圆钢管混凝土柱受剪承载力随剪跨比的增大而减小,随含钢率的增大而增大。增加FRP布层数、提高混凝土强度和增大轴压比均可小幅度提高FRP-圆钢管混凝土柱的受剪承载力。在试验研究的基础上,提出了FRP-圆钢管混凝土柱受剪承载力计算式,得出的计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

Fire resistance of concrete filled square steel tube columns subjected to eccentric axial load

The fire resistance of concrete filled square steel tube columns (CFT columns) without fire protection under a constant axial load has been previously examined. The purpose of this present study is to investigate the fire resistance of CFT columns when they are subjected to combined loads. This paper presents a nonlinear thermal stress analysis method for predicting the mechanical behavior and fire resistance of CFT columns under eccentric axial load (axial load and flexure moment). This method is based on the stress-strain characteristics of materials at high temperatures and on the mechanics of column deflection curves. From the results of the developed computational technique, it was demonstrated that as the yield stress and rigidity of the steel tube rapidly decreased for approximately 30 minutes, the decrease of flexure moment capacity increased significantly more than that of the axial load capacity. In addition, as the load eccentricity ratio increased, the fire resistance time drastically decreased. However, the time of maximum expansion under eccentric axial load was independent of the load eccentricity ratio.     

Cyclic behaviours of concrete-filled steel tubular columns with pre-load after exposure to fire

This paper reports experimental results of cyclic behaviours of eight concrete-filled steel tubular (CFT) columns after exposure to fire under sustained axial load. The specimens were heated by a stackable electrical furnace and blowing liquefied petroleum gas fire into the furnace simultaneously in order to simulate the real fire attack. The furnace heating can be controlled easily and safely in such a hybrid heating method using gas and electricity that the average temperature in the furnace followed as closely as possible the ISO-834 standard fire curve. After the CFT columns had been axially loaded and heated for a specified duration of time, the specimens were cooled down to room temperature according to the ISO-834 fire standard while the axial load was kept constant. Finally, the columns were subjected to lateral cyclic loading under constant axial load. The sustained pre-load led to significant residual deformations of CFT columns during the cooling phase. Two columns were found to have suffered local buckling of steel tube and three columns have suffered steel weld rupture during the fire exposure. Therefore, it is recommended that more than two vent holes or vent holes with larger diameter should be used in a CFT column and engineers should pay much attention to reasonable selection and construction of steel sections. Compared with the fire-damaged columns without pre-load and that at room temperature, the post-fire ductility and energy absorption capacity of CFT with pre-load had no obvious deterioration and the axial load level had no obvious influence on the residual strength of fire-damaged CFT. The experimental results can provide a basis for fire-damage assessment of CFT columns.     

方钢管混凝土中钢管和混凝土抗压强度研究

对于方钢管混凝土柱在轴压作用下的受力性能,国内外学者已经进行了大量的试验研究和理论分析,但常规轴压试验无法得到钢管和混凝土各自承担的轴压力。为此,提出了一种在方钢管混凝土柱试件上部设置轴力测量段的试验方法,用于直接测量轴压下方钢管混凝土柱中钢管和混凝土所承担的轴压力。通过对5个不同宽厚比的方钢管混凝土柱试件开展轴压试验,发现方钢管混凝土柱中混凝土的抗压强度与其对应的轴心抗压强度相近。将试验得到的钢管抗压强度与已有经验公式结果进行对比,发现已有经验公式可合理预测钢管的抗压强度,针对钢管的屈曲后行为和其他因素的影响需要展开更深入的研究。在试验结果的基础上,提出了方钢管混凝土柱的轴压承载力计算式,其计算结果与文献试验结果吻合良好。     

带约束拉杆方钢管混凝土短柱轴压性能试验研究

进行了10个带约束拉杆和5个不设约束拉杆方形钢管混凝土短柱轴心受压构件的试验研究。主要研究参数为约束拉杆直径和间距、钢管厚度、钢材强度等。试验研究表明,在轴心压力作用下,方形钢管混凝土短柱在设置了约束拉杆后,能有效改善横截面周边中部钢管对核心混凝土的约束作用,延迟或避免钢管在应力达到屈服强度前发生失稳性的局部屈曲而导致构件的过早破坏,从而使方形钢管混凝土轴压短柱的承载力和延性均有较大幅度的提高。同时,应用现有规范及规程有关方形钢管混凝土承载力计算公式,对带约束拉杆方形钢管混凝土轴压试件承载力进行计算,计算结果与试验结果相比较为保守。     

Investigation of Proposed Concrete Filled Steel Tube Connections under Reversed Cyclic Loading

Concrete-filled steel tube (CFT) columns are used in the primary lateral resistance systems. The objective of this research is to analyse the behavior of the steel beam to CFT column connections. A three-dimensional numerical model for simulating the behavior of CFT connections was developed with the aid of the general purpose nonlinear finite element analysis package ABAQUS. In this paper, 90 CFT connection specimens include simple and moment connections that were tested under reversed cyclic loading. Shear capacity of joint, moment-drift response, energy absorption, and displacement ductility were studied in those models. The results have indicated that, the hysteresis curve of CFT columns was plump; no pinch phenomenon can be found; the damage and degradation degree of the strength and stiffness of specimens is lower; and high energy dissipation capacity can be achieved. Improvement in the behavior of CFT connection depends on the beam characteristics and column features.     

轴向往复荷载作用下钢管混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究

为了探究斜交网格结构体系中外筒斜柱的破坏机制,对8个钢管混凝土柱和2个钢管柱试件进行了轴向往复加载试验,研究加载路径、长径比、混凝土强度和含钢率对其抗震性能的影响,分析了钢管混凝土柱的破坏机制、破坏形态和滞回性能,并讨论了钢管与混凝土间的相互作用。结果表明：轴向往复荷载下钢管混凝土柱的破坏均由钢管断裂引起,核心混凝土整体保持完好,只在钢管屈曲处存在混凝土压碎现象;相比于空钢管柱,钢管混凝土柱受拉时混凝土对钢管的支撑作用,以及受压时钢管对混凝土的约束作用,保证了其具有更高的承载力、变形能力和耗能能力;钢管混凝土柱在轴压和轴拉荷载下的抗震性能存在显著差别,在轴拉荷载下具有更好的延性和耗能能力,而在轴压荷载下具有更高的承载力和刚度。钢管混凝土柱屈服后钢管对混凝土的约束作用持续增强,并当钢管纵向应变达到8×10^-3时,不同参数对其约束效应的影响达到最大。     

Experiment and FEA of impact resistance of CFST columns with circular cross-section

为研究钢管混凝土柱在侧向冲击荷载作用下的受力性能,通过对圆钢管混凝土柱进行横向落锤冲击试验,获得柱在冲击荷载作用下的破坏形态、整体变形和应变分布规律,分析了冲击力和试件跨中挠度时程曲线的特征;并通过有限元分析,研究了钢材和混凝土强度等参数对圆钢管混凝土柱力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：在试验参数范围内,随着冲击能量的增加,试件冲击力峰值、跨中挠度峰值、冲击持续时间增加;含钢率较大试件的冲击力峰值和冲击力平台值较大,跨中挠度峰值较小、冲击持续时间较短;钢材屈服强度对试件抗冲击性能的影响较大,而混凝土抗压强度对试件抗冲击性能的影响则相对较小。     

Experimental research on the behaviour of eccentrically loaded SRC columns subjected to the ISO-834 standard fire including a cooling phase

This paper presents an experiment study of the post-fire behavior of five SRC columns under combination of axial eccentrical loading and fire. The experiment phenomena and mechanical response of the SRC column specimens during experiment, specifically loading, heating, cooling and post-fire loading were observed. The residual load bearing capacity, failure modes and vertical deformation were studied. With the test program, the effects of parameters such as the load ratio, the fire duration time and the steel ratio were studied. It is shown that the effects of temperature delay become more obvious with the increase of the depth from the heated surface. Some of the SRC column specimens failed during the cooling phase. For other specimens residual deformations were observed when the furnace temperature decreased to ambient temperature. The influence of some parameters including the load ratio, the fire duration time and the steel ratio on the post-fire load bearing capacities was discussed. It can be concluded that the residual load bearing capacity of the SRC columns decreases with the increase of the fire duration time and the load ratio, and increases with the increase of the steel ratio. Finally, a finite-element analysis model was developed to simulate the behavior of the tested SRC columns.     

钢-混凝土组合空间框架拟动力有限元分析

基于混凝土的塑性-损伤本构模型与钢材的弹塑性混合强化本构模型,采用ABAQUS有限元分析软件,对圆钢管混凝土柱-钢筋混凝土框架梁2层空间框架的三维实体精细有限元模型进行拟动力分析。模型中考虑了钢管与核心混凝土的约束作用以及连续地震作用下引起的塑性耗能累积效应。对钢管混凝土柱轴压比、钢管横向变形系数以及各关键点的钢管与核心混凝土、框架梁、环梁与楼板中的钢筋和混凝土的应力-应变滞回曲线以及框架结构的塑性耗能分布情况进行分析。结果表明：连续工况地震作用使框架结构产生塑性耗能累积效应,进而使楼层的位移响应明显增大,层间刚度减小;连续工况地震作用后,钢管和所有钢筋都屈服,钢管、环梁钢筋的约束作用使核心混凝土、环梁混凝土强度超过其轴心抗压强度,楼板混凝土因受拉而开裂;短边柱的轴压比有明显波动,罕遇地震作用下其值大于角柱、中柱和长边柱的轴压比;钢管混凝土柱为主要的塑性耗能构件,环梁次之。     

Effects of sustained axial load and cooling phase on post-fire behaviour of concrete-filled steel tubular stub columns

This paper experimentally investigated the effects of pre-load and cooling phase on the residual strength and stiffness of concrete-filled steel tubular (CFT) stub columns which were heated and cooled down to room temperature under sustained axial load. CFT stub columns were axially loaded and heated to specified high temperatures in a specially built electrical furnace. After the specimens cooled down to room temperature while the axial load was kept constant, the stub columns were loaded to failure. The test results showed that the mechanical behaviour of the fire-damaged CFT stub columns with pre-load was obviously different from those without pre-load. The axial load level and the high temperature exposure had more significant effects on the stiffness of CFT stub columns than the residual strength. The sustained pre-load led to significant residual deformations of CFT stub columns during the cooling phase. Based on the test results, it is recommended that the effects of sustained axial loads and fire cooling phase should be taken into consideration in assessing the fire-damaged CFT columns.