Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.33PbTiO3晶体三方相的压电性能研究

以坐标系二次旋转为理论基础研究了PMN-0.33PT晶体三方相的常用压电模量d15、d24、d31、d33、d36和机电耦合系数k15、k24、k31、k33、k36在三维空间的变化规律.通过MATLAB编程求得以上各系数关于坐标系旋转角度的函数表达式,绘制出了它们的三维空间分布图,并一一求得这些系数的最大值,以及与最大值相对应的旋转角.发现除d33和k33外,d31、d36、k31和k36也在空间变化显著.d31和k31旋转后的最大值比原坐标系下的数值分别扩大了15倍和6倍,对应的旋转角分别为(-4.5°/90°)、(22.5°/270°).d36 和k36在原坐标系下不存在,经旋转后的最大值可分别达到1340 pC/N 和0.73.该研究结果对PMN-0.33PT晶体在压电传感器、换能器中的应用具有重要的理论价值.     

双掺杂铌酸锂晶体的生长及其光折变性质

采用提拉法以固液同成分配比(Li2CO3/Nb2O5＝48.6/51.4)生长了Fe掺杂及(Zn,Fe)、(Mg,Fe)和(Ce,Fe)双掺杂LiNbO3(LN)单晶.Ce:Fe:LiNbO3晶体的质量,指数增益系数和衍射效率皆高于Fe:LiNbO3晶体.所测得(Zn,Fe):LN、(Ce,Fe):LN、(Mg,Fe):LN和Fe:LiNbO3晶体的抗光致散射能力分别为8.2×103,3.2×102,8.3×102和1.2×102W/cm3;在488nm光进行的光折变实验中还原处理后的(Ce,Fe):LiNbO3晶体具有最高的二波耦合增益系数,为40.2cm-1,其全息衍射效率可达82.2%;实验结果表明(Zn,Fe):LiNbO3和(Mg,Fe):LiNbO3具有抗光散射能力强,响应时间短的特点,而(Ce,Fe):LiNbO3的增益系数和衍射效率均为最高,明显优于Fe:LiNbO3晶体.     

3m点群晶体纵向压电性能的研究

本文详细地介绍了通过坐标变换研究晶体压电性能随空间变化的方法.在以前的工作基础上,对LiNbO3、LiTaO3和PZT60/40等3m点群晶体纵向压电系数d33及机电耦合系数k33在空间分布的共同规律进行了归纳总结,发现它们在空间中的分布具有明显的各向异性,并存在着一些特殊方向,沿这些方向,晶体的压电性能有较大幅度的提高.在此基础上,本文还根据不同文献中报道,对另一著名的3m点群晶体β-BaB2O4的压电系数数据进行了比较和分析.     

富锂熔体中提拉法生长近化学计量比铌酸锂(LiNbO3)晶体

利用提拉法,在富锂(Li2O∶NbO3=58.5/41.5)熔体中生长了质量良好的近化学计量比铌酸锂单晶,其紫外吸收边位置为308nm,居里温度超过了1200℃.测量了其Z向晶片的压电系数d33,并且观察了Z向晶片的180°畴,结果证明除少数区域外,所生长晶体为单畴.     

流延法制备铌酸钾钠基无铅压电陶瓷的性能研究

通过流延成型技术,以片状K0.5Na0.5NbO3(简称为KNN)粉体为模板,结合掺杂改性后的基料粉体(K0.45Na0.55)0.98Li0.02(Nb0.77Ta0.18Sb0.05)O3-0.005BaZrO3(简称为KNNLST-BZ)流延制备出KNN基无铅压电陶瓷,研究了不同的工艺参数(烧结温度、烧结次数)对于KNNLST-BZ织构化陶瓷的电学性能、显微结构的影响.结果表明:模板含量为20wt;的KNNLST-BZ织构化陶瓷在1145℃下保温2h呈现出优异的性能:压电常数d33=204 pC/N,横向机电耦合系数k31=23;,剩余极化强度Pr=26 μC/cm2,矫顽场Ee=1.2 kV/mm.同时该织构化陶瓷在1145℃下烧结2次能得到更优的电学性能:d33 =248 pC/N,k31=32.54;,Pr=38 μC/cm2,Ec=1.2 kV/mm,介电损耗tanδ=6.38;,机械品质因数Qm=16.76,介电常数εT33/ε0=913.7,横向伸缩振动频率常数N1=2244.     

近化学计量比铌酸锂晶体中机械孪晶的消除

在用掺钾的助熔剂提拉法生长近化学计量比LiNbO3晶体时,长出的晶体尾部很容易出现孪晶裂纹现象,这种孪晶被认为是机械孪晶.这种孪晶的起因是由于晶体生长的收尾和从熔体中提起晶体阶段,在晶体底部产生直径的缩进,在缩进产生的台阶处出现应力集中,从而造成孪晶的成核.通过采用适当的收尾过程,以避免直径台阶的出现,可以很好地消除这种孪晶及其引起的裂纹.     

掺氮铌酸锂薄膜的制备及基本物性研究

采用激光脉冲沉积与射频等离子体相结合的方法(PLD-RF),在蓝宝石衬底上一步沉积了掺氮铌酸锂(LiNbO3:N)薄膜.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)和紫外-可见-红外光谱仪(UV-Vis-NIR)对LiNbO3:N的晶格结构、掺杂含量及价态、光学性质进行了研究.结果表明铌酸锂薄膜沿(006)方向择优生长,其中氮的原子含量为2.04;,替代氧原子的位置,N的掺入有效的窄化了LiNbO3的带隙,使其紫外-可见吸收光谱的吸收边出现红移,并且在铌酸锂禁带中引入了杂质能级(Ev),能级深度为2.7 eV.     

近化学计量比Tb:Fe:LiNbO3晶体的光谱特性及组分测定

按化学计量比,用提拉法成功生长了不同掺量的Tb:Fe:LiNbO3晶体,分别测量了掺杂LiNbO3晶体在紫外(313nm)曝光前后的吸收光谱,曝光后吸收谱线整体上移,找到了吸收谱线上移最大的掺量比.并用差热分析仪DTA测量了居里温度Tc, 从而计算出Li/Nb的比例.分析表明,Tb:Fe:LiNbO3晶体的存储性能与掺量、定比有密切的联系,是一种优良的大容量体全息记录材料.     

铌酸锂晶体中的分形几何观察

研究了铌酸锂晶体沿c轴的真实生长界面及腐蚀坑模式,在两种情况中均观察到了明显的塞尔宾斯基(Sierpinski)三角垫分形几何特征,两种情况的分形维度通过计算得出均为ln3/ln2≈1.58.     

铌酸锂晶体的研磨损伤层研究

研究了铌酸锂晶体在研磨过程中产生的表面损伤层.首先通过激光共聚焦显微镜观察了研磨后晶体的表面形貌,通过原子力显微镜测试了研磨后晶体表面的粗糙度,分别通过角度抛光法及直接抛光层层去除的方法测量了损伤层的深度.分析了损伤层的组成及影响因素,对优化研磨工艺参数、提高研磨效率具有指导意义.     

The structures of three trimethylarsine-boron trihalide adducts: (CH3)3AsBCl3, (CH3)3AsBBr3, and (CH3)3AsBI3

An X-ray structure analysis of three trimethylarsine-boron trihalide adducts has been undertaken. Crystals of (CH₃)₃AsBCl₃ and (CH₃)₃AsBBr₃ are monoclinic with space groupP2₁/m (No. 11) withZ=2 while those of (CH₃)₃AsBI₃ are orthorhombic with space groupPnma (No. 62) withZ=4. For (CH₃)₃AsBCl₃,a=6.497(3) Å,b=10.735(3) Å,c=7.070(2) Å,=111.8(3)°,V=458.4(3) ų,R=0.0343. For (CH₃)₃AsBBr₃,a=6.672(4) Å,b=11.135(7) Å,c=7.199(4) Å,=111.5(1)°,V=497.7(5) ų,R=0.0434. For (CH₃)₃ÅsBI₃,a=13.113(7) Å,b=11.733(5) Å,c=7.387(3) Å,V=1136.5(5) ų,R=0.0329. The As-B bond lengths are 2.065(6), 2.04(1), and 2.03(1) Å, respectively, for the chloride, bromide, and iodide. These and other structural parameters are discussed with reference to previous predictions based on vibrational spectra and previous structural studies on the trimethyl-phosphine and trimethylamine adducts.     

Crystal and molecular structures of three trimethylamine-boron halide adducts: (CH3)3NBCl3, (CH3)3NBBr3, and (CH3)3NBI3

X-ray diffraction data from single crystals of the trimethylamine complexes of the three boron halides, BCl₃, BBr₃, and BI₃, lead to aP2₁/m monoclinic cell containing two molecules for each complex. The unit cell dimensions area = 6·68(1),b = 10·247(3),c = 6·502(6) Å, =116·2(1)° (chloro);a = 6·86(1),b = 10·612(4),c = 6·737(6) Å, = 115·8(1)° (bromo);a = 6·92(2),b = 10·86(1),c = 7·147(6) Å, = 93·9(1)° (iodo). The structures were solved by three-dimensional sharpened Patterson functions and show only the chloro and bromo compounds to be isomorphous. Refinement of 662,718 and 954 observed reflexions for the chloro, bromo and iodo complexes, respectively, using anisotropic thermal parameters yielded conventionalR factors of 0·045, 0·087 and 0·054.The molecules are shown to possess a B—N dative bond, a staggered conformation, and effective 3m (C _3v) symmetry. Average C—N bond lengths are 1·52(1) Å for all three complexes. Boronhalogen bond lengths average 1·864(4), 2·04(2) and 2·28(2) Å, while B—N bond distances are 1·609(6), 1·60(2) and 1·58(3) Å, respectively, for the chloro through iodo compounds. Bond angles are approximately tetrahedral with the C—N—C angle decreasing by several degrees in the Cl Br I series.Based in part on a dissertation submitted by Patty H. Clippard to the Rackham School of Graduate Studies of the University of Michigan, January 1969 in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Ph.D. Degree.     

Second harmonic generation properties of Ca3(O3C3N3)2 ‐Sr3(O3C3N3)2 solid solutions

Solid solutions of the second harmonic generation (SHG) materials Ca₃(O₃C₃N₃)₂ (CCY) and Sr₃(O₃C₃N₃)₂ (SCY) were prepared via exothermic solid state metathesis reactions from appropriate amounts of the corresponding metal chlorides and potassium cyanate at 525 °C. The change in SHG intensity caused by the successive cation substitution is reported. Differential thermal analyses are used to explore the SCY–K(OCN) phase diagram as a medium for the growth of SCY crystals.     

Crystal Growth and Spectroscopic Characterisation of BiB3O6:RE3+ (RE3+ = Pr3+, Nd3+, Gd3+, Er3+, Tm3+)

Large single crystals of optical quality of BiB₃O₆:RE³⁺ (RE³⁺ = Pr³⁺, Nd³⁺, Gd³⁺, Er³⁺, Tm³⁺) were grown from nearly stoichiometric melts using the top‐seeding growth technique to dimensions up to 12 x 12 x 18 mm³. Absorption spectra were measured in the wavelength range from 10000 cm^‐1 to 30000 cm^‐1 with an absorption spectrometer to estimate the doping concentration of RE³⁺. For the determination of the phonon energies and the quenching behaviour of the host lattice IR and Raman spectra were recorded.     

Infrared vibrational Modes in Tl3SbS3, Tl3AsS3, and Tl3AsSe3 crystals

Reflectivity spectra of Tl₃SbS₃, Tl₃AsS₃, and Tl₃AsSe₃ crystals have been investigated in the wave number range 50–600 cm⁻¹ for the polarizations E∥c and E⟂c. The fundamental phonon parameters, the limiting dielectric constants ϵ_∞ and ϵ_S and the reflectivity spectra contours have been calculated by using classical dispersion relations for both E∥c and E⟂c configurations. The Szigeti effective charges and the relative ion charges of As, Tl, Sb, Se, S anions and cations have been calculated in dependence on the incident light polarization.     

Growth and characteristic of Sr3Tb(BO3)3 crystal

A new borate single crystal of Sr₃Tb(BO₃)₃ with dimension Ф20×25 mm² has been grown by the Czochralski method. The grown crystal was characterized by DTA–TGA, FTIR and X-ray powder diffraction analysis. The results showed the crystal with [BO₃]^3? is congruently melting at 1351.35 °C which belongs to hexagonal structure. The hardness of Sr₃Tb(BO₃)₃ crystal is 422.5 VDH, and is equal to 5.0 moh. The thermal expansion coefficients were determined to be 2.08×10^?5/°C along (1 0 0) direction and 7.43×10^?6/°C along (0 0 1) direction and the transmission spectrum was measured in 320–1800 nm at room temperature. The magnetic properties of the single crystal were studied which showed its paramagnetism and magnetic anisotropy. The specific Faraday rotation of single crystal was measured at room temperature in 532, 633, and 1064 nm wavelength. The Verdet constants and magneto-optical figures of merit were investigated. The primary emphasis is laid to explore a new magneto-optical material, all the magneto-optical properties of Sr₃Tb(BO₃)₃ are comparing to the ones of TGG.     

Tb3+,Yb3+共掺杂LuBO3荧光粉的下转换发光

利用水热法成功合成了近红外量子剪裁荧光粉LuBO3∶15;Tb3+,x; Yb3+(x=0,1,2,4,8,12).通过X射线衍射(XRD)、光致发光谱(PL)、激发谱(PLE)和荧光寿命测试了合成物质的物相结构与发光性质.在286 nm(Tb3+∶7 F6→5D)紫外光激发下,观察到了Tb3∶5D4→7Fj(J=6,5,4,3)可见波段特征发射光和Yb3+:2F5/2→2F7/2的近红外光.研究了Yb3+浓度与激发发射光谱和荧光寿命之间的关系,表明Tb3+和Yb3+之间存在能量传递.当Tb3和Yb3+掺杂摩尔浓度分别为15;和2;时,近红外发射最强.计算得知,其最大下转换量子效率为160.74;.     

Photoacoustic Spectra of Pr3+, Nd3+, Gd3+ Acetate Complexes

The crystals of the complexes Pr(Ac)₃ · 4 H₂O, Nd(Ac)₃ · 4 H₂O, Gd(Ac)₃ · 4 H₂O were synthesized and their Pa spectra determined firstly. Their PA spectra and absorption are interpreted. The fluorescence properties of Pr³⁺, Nd³⁺, Gd³⁺ and the relaxation process models were studied by their PA spectra.     

Melting temperatures of NaClO3-NaBrO3 mixed crystals

The melting points of mixed crystals of sodium chlorate and sodium bromate have been determined. The variation of melting point with composition is non-linear with negative deviations from linearity. This negative deviation from linearity is attributed to a possible increase in the vacancy concentration in mixed crystals as compared to the pure end crystals.