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超临界二氧化碳反应堆是一种极具潜力的新堆型,目前正处于概念设计阶段。本文以韩国科学技术院(KAIST)设计的超临界二氧化碳模块化微型堆(MMR)为研究对象,对一回路系统主要部件进行建模,并利用FORTRAN语言开发了适用于超临界二氧化碳反应堆的瞬态安全分析程序TRA_SCR。基于该程序,对KAIST MMR进行了稳态计算分析,验证了程序的正确性。同时,对部分无保护失流事故和无保护反应性引入事故进行了瞬态计算,获得了关键热工水力参数的瞬态特性。计算结果表明该反应堆系统具有较强的固有负反馈特性,且在所计算的事故中,包壳、燃料和冷却剂温度均未超出安全限值,表明了系统在上述事故下的安全性。但在上述无保护失流事故中,堆芯冷却剂出口温度接近安全限值,表明在该事故工况下,反应堆出口温度是制约系统安全性能的关键因素。 相似文献
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《原子能科学技术》2019,(8)
超临界二氧化碳反应堆是一种极具潜力的新堆型,目前正处于概念设计阶段。本文以韩国科学技术院(KAIST)设计的超临界二氧化碳模块化微型堆(MMR)为研究对象,对一回路系统主要部件进行建模,并利用FORTRAN语言开发了适用于超临界二氧化碳反应堆的瞬态安全分析程序TRA_SCR。基于该程序,对KAIST MMR进行了稳态计算分析,验证了程序的正确性。同时,对部分无保护失流事故和无保护反应性引入事故进行了瞬态计算,获得了关键热工水力参数的瞬态特性。计算结果表明该反应堆系统具有较强的固有负反馈特性,且在所计算的事故中,包壳、燃料和冷却剂温度均未超出安全限值,表明了系统在上述事故下的安全性。但在上述无保护失流事故中,堆芯冷却剂出口温度接近安全限值,表明在该事故工况下,反应堆出口温度是制约系统安全性能的关键因素。 相似文献
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为研究西安脉冲堆(XAPR)在意外引入反应性且停堆系统失效事故下的瞬态安全特性,本文基于XAPR的结构和运行特点,建立了适用于XAPR的瞬态热工水力分析模型,并开发了用于XAPR安全特性分析的瞬态热工水力程序TSAC-XAPR。利用TSAC-XAPR程序对反应性引入事故进行模拟计算,结果表明:当XAPR在额定功率范围内运行时,发生反应性引入事故后,堆芯能依靠自身的固有反馈机制使脉冲堆重新达到稳定运行状态;当运行功率过高尤其是超过临界值时,反应性引入事故将导致脉冲堆关键热工水力参数发生振荡,无法再次达到稳态。此外,不同反应性引入方式将影响堆芯参数在反应性引入过程中的变化趋势,但并不影响其最终稳态值。 相似文献
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根据下一代核能系统的发展目标,提出了采用自然循环的一体化小型氟盐冷却高温堆的概念。利用修改后的RELAR5-MS系统分析程序,建立了一体化小型氟盐冷却高温堆模型,并得到其稳态特性参数。在此基础上,对其在满功率运行状态下的反应性引入事故和失热阱事故进行了分析。分析计算表明,在反应性事故工况下,由于自然循环的存在,堆芯冷却剂流量随着堆芯温度发生动态变化,最终达到新的稳态,燃料棒和冷却剂温度均处于安全限值范围内。在失热阱事故下,反应堆负反馈的特性使得堆芯功率逐渐降低并实现自动停堆,即使不考虑余热排出系统的作用,燃料组件和冷却剂温度上升缓慢,在140 h内,燃料棒和冷却剂温度均处于全限值范围内。结果表明,一回路采用自然循环冷却的一体化小型氟盐冷却高温堆具有良好的固有安全性。 相似文献
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在借鉴中国实验快堆(CEFR)热工模型建模经验的基础上,利用Relap5程序建立霞浦示范快堆(CFR)的主要系统模型,并参考快堆安全分析中的预期瞬态无停堆保护(ATWS)的分析方法,对发生反应性意外引入事故时的安全裕度和停堆保护进行仿真研究。仿真结果表明,额定功率下发生反应性引入时,不会触发短周期的报警和停堆;当发生补偿棒失控提升5 s和10 s时的反应性意外引入事故,目前一回路保护参数整定值、信号测量延迟及安全棒落棒时间可以取其他值;当补偿棒失控提升15 s时,在目前的设计下,核功率和功率流量比信号能确保事故下的反应堆状态符合事故验收准则。当其他保护信号失效,堆芯出口钠温所触发的停堆保护若要实现同样的功能,则需保证反应堆在14.85 s之前进入深度次临界。 相似文献
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相比传统大型核电厂,微型反应堆各系统功能间紧密耦合且相互制约,传统的分专业解耦设计模式难以应对,需开展全范围的系统仿真。采用Modelica语言建立了气冷式微型反应堆的系统仿真模型,以未能紧急停堆的预期瞬态(ATWS)事故为例开展事故分析计算,并与专业堆芯安全分析结果对比,结果表明反应堆功率变化趋势较为一致,且ATWS事故后仅依靠堆芯温度升高引入的负反应性可实现停堆。本文研究方法为气冷式微型反应堆的全系统建模仿真打下了坚实基础,也为其他类型反应堆的系统建模仿真提供了很好的借鉴作用。 相似文献
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TIAN Xiaoyan CHEN Sen YANG Ning ZHU Lei LI Huaqi MA Tengyue HU Pan KANG Xiaoya 《原子能科学技术》1959,54(11):2089-2097
In order to study the transient safety characteristics of Xi’an Pulsed Reactor (XAPR) when unexpected reactivity insertion accident happened and shutdown system failed, the main mathematical models were established based on the specific core structure and operation conditions of XAPR. Meanwhile, a transient thermal-hydraulic code called TSAC-XAPR was developed to analyze the safety characteristics of XAPR. The TSAC-XAPR code was then used to simulate the reactivity insertion accident of XAPR. The calculation results indicate that when XAPR operating under rated power, reactor can reach a new steady state for reactivity insertion accident, depending on its inherent feedback mechanism. When XAPR operating under high power, especially above the critical power, key thermal-hydraulic parameters of reactor will tend to oscillate and can’t reach a steady state again for reactivity insertion accident. Besides, it is also found that different reactivity insertion modes will only affect the variation trend during the phase of reactivity insertion instead of the final value at steady state. 相似文献
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本文研究了混合能谱超临界水冷堆(SCWR-M)在发生控制棒失控提升事故和弹棒事故这两类反应性引入事故后的反应堆系统响应。首先利用修改的可用于超临界条件下的系统程序RELAP5对混合能谱超临界水冷堆进行系统建模,并计算分析在功率运行工况下事故过程中功率、流量及包壳温度等重要参数的变化趋势,最后对反应性参数如控制棒价值、控制棒抽出速率和负反馈系数进行了参数效应分析。结果表明,在设计工况下混合能谱超临界水冷堆系统可有效地将衰变热导出堆芯,保证了燃料棒的完整性。另外,反应性参数对控制棒失控提升事故的安全性影响不大,但对弹棒事故的包壳峰值温度影响很大,过于保守的反应性参数估计会使安全裕量大为减小。 相似文献
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The course of reactivity insertion in a pool type research reactor, with scram disabled under natural circulation condition is numerically investigated. The analyses were performed by a coupled kinetic–thermal–hydraulic computer code developed specifically for this task. The 10-MW IAEA MTR research reactor was subjected to unprotected reactivity insertion (step and ramp) for both low and high-enriched fuel with continuous reactivity feedback due to coolant and fuel temperature effects. In general, it was found that the power, core mass flow rate and clad temperature under fully established natural circulation are higher for high-enriched fuel than for low enriched fuel. This is unlike the case of decay heat removal, where equal clad temperatures are reported for both fuels. The analysis of reactivity represented by the maximum insertion of positive reactivity ($0.73) demonstrated the high inherent safety features of MTR-type research reactor. Even in the case of total excess reactivity without scram, the high reactivity feedbacks of fuel and moderator temperatures limit the power excursion and avoid consequently escalation of clad temperature to the level of onset of nucleate boiling and sub-cooled void formation. The code can also be modified to provide an accurate capability for the analyses of research reactor transients under forced convection. 相似文献
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A full-scale ATHLET system model for the Syrian miniature neutron source reactor (MNSR) has been developed. The model represents all reactor components of primary and secondary loops with the corresponding neutronics and thermal hydraulic characteristics. Under the MNSR operation conditions of natural circulation, normal operation, step reactivity transients and reactivity insertion accidents have been simulated. The analyses indicate the capability of ATHLET to simulate MNSR dynamic and thermal hydraulic behaviour and particularly to calculate the core coolant velocity of prevailing natural circulation in presence of the strong negative reactivity feed back of coolant temperature. The predicted time distribution of reactor power, core inlet and outlet coolant temperature follow closely the measured data for the quasi steady and transient states. However, sensitivity analyses indicate the influence of pressure form loss coefficients at core inlet and outlet on the results. The analysis of reactivity accidents represented by the insertion of large reactivity, demonstrates the high inherent safety features of MNSR. Even in case of insertion of total available cold excess reactivity without scram, the high negative reactivity feedback of moderator temperature limits power excursion and avoids consequently the escalation of clad temperature to the level of onset of sub-cooled void formation. The calculated peak power in this case agrees well with the data reported in the safety analysis report. The ATHLET code had not previously been assessed under these conditions. The results of this comprehensive analysis ensure the ability of the code to test some conceptual design modifications of MNSR's cooling system aiming the improvement of core cooling conditions to increase the maximum continuous reactor operation time allowing more effective use of MNSR for irradiation purposes. 相似文献
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In this study, we have developed a thermo-hydraulic and safety analysis code named TSAC1.0 with Visual Fortran 6.5 to analyze the thermal-hydraulic characteristics of the China advanced research reactor (CARR) under reactivity insertion accident (RIA) which was induced by unexpected control rod withdrawal in full power condition. The neutron kinetic model depended on the point kinetics with six groups of delayed neutrons including reactivity feedback effects and it was adopted for the solution of reactor power. Furthermore, a new simple and convenient model was adopted for the solution of the transient behaviors of main pump instead of the complicated four-quadrant model. Visual input, real-time processing and dynamic visualization output were achieved using Microsoft Visual Studio.NET 2003 to make the application of TSAC1.0 much more convenient in the engineering. The simulated results of TSAC1.0 were found to be in reasonable agreement with those of RELAP5/MOD3 and showed that the parameters, including the peak coolant temperature, the peak heat structure temperature, and MDNBR, were in the acceptable range of design safety limit under RIA. 相似文献
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Soo Hyung Yang Young-Jong Chung Sung Quun Zee 《Nuclear Engineering and Design》2007,237(10):1060-1070
To identify a safety margin in the case of an inadvertent control rod withdrawal event of a 65-MWt advanced integral reactor, safety analysis has been carried out by using the Transients And Setpoint Simulation/System integrated Modular Reactor (TASS/SMR) code. The diverse initial conditions, various reactivity insertion rates into a core, different combinations of a reactivity feedback and three different speed modes of a main coolant pump (MCP) have been considered to identify the effect of each parameter on a critical heat flux ratio (CHFR) and the initial condition resulting in the worst consequences from the viewpoint of the minimum critical heat flux ratio. The analysis results show that the worst consequences occur when a reactivity of 17.61 pcm/s is inserted into a core at an initial condition of a 45% initial core power, high coolant temperature at the core inlet position, low system pressure and a thermal design flow. It is also assumed that the least negative fuel and moderator temperature coefficients are applied. The safety parameters such as the minimum critical heat flux ratio and the system pressure are maintained within the safety limits and the reactor is safely transferred to a safe condition by a functioning of the safety systems of the advanced integral reactor. 相似文献
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DHR-200池式低温供热堆(简称DHR-200池式堆)设计有自然循环瓣阀,为检验其安全性,选取典型的全厂断电叠加紧急停堆系统失效(SBO-ATWS)事故,使用RELAP5程序对其热工水力参数瞬态特性及其自然循环能力进行分析。结果表明,DHR-200池式堆具有很好的负温度反应性反馈效应,即SBO-ATWS事故后,由于燃料和冷却剂温度升高,引入负反应性,可使反应堆实现热停堆;事故后,通过非能动方式开启自然循环瓣阀,可建立稳定的自然循环,将堆芯衰变热导出至堆水池内,验证了DHR-200池式堆的固有安全性。 相似文献