DL/T 715对钢102应用范围修订准确性的实例验证

比较了行业标准DL/T 715《火力发电厂金属材料选用导则》2000年版和2015年版中关于钢102应用范围的差异,结合某亚临界锅炉再热器钢102的应用,从行业标准、设计参数、现场检查、试验检测和计算等方面对钢102材料的使用情况进行分析,验证了标准修订的准确性;同时指出,对在役机组中的钢102受热面管,火电厂技术人员...     

锌锰电池中锌阳极的缓蚀(上)

本文对Leclanche电池,碱性锌锰电池以及可充碱锰(RAM)电池的锌阳极的缓蚀问题作了综评,指出了目前的去汞后的防腐措施及生产工艺要求,以及研究方向。     

三元材料在锂离子动力电池上的应用

锂离子电池被认为是电动汽车EV以及混合动力电动车HEV的主要发展方向之一.选用了LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2材料制成了12 Ah能量型及8 Ah功率型动力电池,并对电池的电性能和安全性能进行了相关测试.结果表明由LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2正极材料制备的大容量动力电池比能量高,在循环性能、倍率放电性能、低温放电性能、荷电保持能力以及安全性能方面均表现优异,能够满足EV及HEV动力电源的要求.     

Film Thickness Dependence of Electrical Properties for Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Thin Films Prepared on (111)Ir/TiO2/SiO2/Si and (111)Pt/TiO2/SiO2/Si Substrates by Pulsed-Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition

Polycrystalline Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ (PZT) films with various film thicknesses were deposited on (111)Ir/TiO₂/SiO₂/Si and (111)Pt/TiO₂/SiO₂/Si substrates at 540°C by source-gas-pulsed metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (pulsed-MOCVD). PZT films deposited on (111)Ir/TiO₂/SiO₂/Si substrates showed good surface flatness and lower leakage current density. The rate of the decrease of remanent polarization (P _r ) and the rate of increase of coercive field (E _c ) for the films with decreasing the film thickness smaller on (111)Ir/TiO₂/SiO₂/Si substrates than those of (111)Pt/TiO₂/SiO₂/Si substrates. In addition, P _r and E _c values saturated at low voltage when the film thickness was the same. As a result, good ferroelectricity with P _r and E _c values of 40 μC/cm² and 140 kV/cm were obtained for 35 nm-thick films prepared on (111)Ir/TiO₂/SiO₂/Si substrates by pulsed-MOCVD.     

GB／T9473—2008《读写作业台灯性能要求》标准解析（下）

5．4光度学要求 当灯具处于说明书标明的正常工作位置，灯具应有较好的照明效果。     

电动汽车用ZEBRA(钠/氯化镍)电池发展现状

ZEBRA电池是一种非常有希望的电动汽车用电源,它研究开发始于80年代中期。与传统的二次电池相比,ZEBRA电池不仅展示了许多良好的性能特点,如高比能量、高能量转换效率、无自放电等等,而且已证明是安全可靠的。综述了作为电动汽车用的ZEBRA电池技术进展和目前状况。     

Piezoelectric and dielectric characteristics of low temperature sintering Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-Pb(Mn1/3Nb2/3)O3-Pb(Zr1/2Ti1/2)O3 ceramics for multilayer piezoelectric actuator

In this study, in order to develop the composition ceramics for multilayer piezoelectric actuator, PNN substituted PMN-PZT ceramics were fabricated using Li₂CO₃ and Na₂CO₃ as sintering aids, and their piezoelectric and dielectric characteristics were investigated. With the increase of the amount of PNN substitution, dielectric constant (εr), electromechanical coupling factor (k _p), and piezoelectric constant (d ₃₃) of specimens showed the maximum value at each sintering temperature, and crystal structure changed from tetragonal to rhombohedral. At the sintering temperature of 950^∘C, the density, εr, k _p, d ₃₃, Q_m and Tc of 12 mol% PNN substituted PMN-PNN-PZT composition ceramics showed the optimal values of 7.79 g/cm³, 1160, 0.599, 419pC/N, 894 and 332^∘C, respectively, for low loss multilayer piezoelectric actuator application.     

The incorporation of SiO2 nanoparticles in poly(p-phenylenevinylene)(PPV) for PPV/SiO2 nanocomposite

The changes in surface morphology and current-voltage characteristics of poly(p-phenylenevinylene)(PPV) thin film has been studied by varying the amount of incorporated SiO₂ nanoparticles. The electronic structure of carbon atom in PPV and PPV/SiO₂ nanocomposite films was studied by using near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure. The surface morphology of PPV/SiO₂ nanocomposite film was found to be greatly dependent on the amount of incorporated SiO₂ nanoparticles. The current–voltage behavior of PPV/SiO₂ nanocomposite film was mainly dependent on the surface morphology of the film. The excess content of SiO₂ nanoparticles in PPV/SiO₂ nanocomposite film was revealed to induce an agglomeration of SiO₂ nanoparticles where blocking of electronic conduction happens.     

CITT分析Li~+在固态LiNi_(1/3)Co_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)O_2中的扩散系数

用碳酸盐共沉淀法合成粉末正极材料LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2。组分分析、粉末XRD、SEM和恒流充放电等测试结果表明:产物为纯相层状单颗粒球形结构LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2;在室温下以0.1C(0.2 mA)的电流在2.5～4.5 V循环,首次和第25次循环的放电比容量分别为241.37 mAh/g和211.3 mAh/g。用容量间歇滴定技术(CITT)分析不同循环次数和电位下,Li+在固态LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2中的扩散系数(DLi),结果表明:DLi为10-11～10-13cm2/s;扩散性能随着循环次数的增加而增强;DLi在3.7 V左右出现最小值,在3.7～4.3 V趋于稳定。     

锂离子电池正极材料Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2的Ag表面修饰

采用银镜反应法对Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2材料进行了Ag表面修饰.表面元素分布测试表明,Ag均匀分布在Li-(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2颗粒表面.未经表面修饰的材料在C/5、C/2和1 C倍率下放电容量分别为168、160、146 mAh/g,经过Ag表面修饰的材料在C/5、C/2和1 C倍率...     

Optimized electrical properties of (Bi 1/2 K 1/2 )TiO 3 - bi(Mn 2/3 Sb 1/3 )O 3 lead-free ceramics in mixing phase region

A new lead-free (1-x)(Bi1/2K1/2)TiO3-xBi(Mn2/3Sb1/3)O3 (BKT-BMS) piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by conventional solid-state route. The experiments show that the addition of BMS induces the occurrence of a mixed tetragonal and pseudocubic phases, and the fraction of tetragonal to pseudocubic phases closes to 50:50 around the composition x = 0.015, at where the dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties is optimized. It is highlighted that the Td for the composition x = 0.015 keeps at an adequately-high level around 205 °C. All these competitive properties of the composition x = 0.015 demonstrate the potential application for lead-free piezoelectric ceramics over a broad temperature range.     

Methodology for the characterization of the electrostatic discharge(ESD) event for bodies in approach

An electrostatic discharge event typically occurs when a charged floating body approaches another body, which can be either floating or grounded. In this paper, a methodology is described which can be employed to study the change in potentials of two bodies in an approach state. The calculated or measured capacitance coefficient for the system conductors are used in the analysis to determine the contribution to the total change in potential difference due to each coefficient. The technique can be extended to study the change in body potentials as a function of the speed of approach. Results are presented for a series of experiments performed with two cylindrical conductors with different electrode geometries. The experimental results are compared with estimates obtained using the analytical solution to a two-sphere model of the system conductors     

DL/T 469-2004《电站锅炉风机现场性能试验》简介

电力行业标准DL／T469-2004《电站锅炉风机现场性能试验》已由国家发改委颁布，于2004年6月1日实施。该标准代替原电力行业标准DL469-92《电站锅炉风机现场试验规程》，给出了安装在电厂锅炉风、烟系统管路中的通风机(包括送风机、引风机、一次风机、排粉风机、烟气再循环风机、烟气脱硫装置的增压风机等)的一个或多个工况点性能特性的测定规则和方法。     

O_2/CO_2气氛下煤种对燃煤PM_(2.5)形成的影响

采用管式炉和荷电低压撞击器(electrical low pressure-impactor,ELPI)研究了4种煤粉在O2/CO2条件下燃烧后生成的PM2.5排放特性,并对空气和O2/CO2气氛下PM2.5的排放特性进行了比较。结果表明:不同煤粉在O2/CO2气氛下燃烧后,所产生的PM2.5质量浓度均呈双峰分布,峰值分别在0.1和2μm左右;S在亚微米颗粒上明显富集,而在超微米颗粒上含量相对较少;K和Na在亚微米颗粒上含量比在超微米颗粒上高一些;Si和Ca在亚微米颗粒上含量相对较少,而在超微米颗粒上含量相对较多;Fe在亚微米和超微米颗粒上含量相当。分析认为,不同煤粉中组分形式和含量的不同,影响了煤粉燃烧后PM2.5形成的过程,造成PM2.5排放特性的不同。从PM2.5的粒径分布、元素分布和形貌分析可知,和空气气氛相比,O2/CO2气氛不影响PM2.5的生成机制,但影响其粒径分布。     

Li(4-x/3)YxTi(5-2x/3)O12/C的合成及电化学性能研究

以氧化钇为Y3+的掺杂源,以蔗糖或导电炭黑为碳源,对Li4Ti5O12同时进行离子掺杂和碳掺杂,采用高温固相法合成负极复合材料Li(4-x/3)YxTi(5-2x3)O/12/C(x=0.1).重点考察了Y掺杂、Y和碳协同掺杂,以及不同碳源对该复合材料形貌、粒径和电化学性能的影响.结果表明:使用蔗糖为碳源合成的复合材料Li(4-x/3)YxTi(5-2x/3)O12(x=0.1)体现了相对较好的倍率性能和循环稳定性,在0.15 C、0.40 C、0.70 C、1.40 C和3.30 C下材料首次放电比容量分别为150.4、144.5、144.5、140.8和116.9 mAh/g,3.3 C下循环10次后容量仍保持为116.7 mAh/g.电化学交流阻抗表明,使用蔗糖为碳源合成的复合材料Li(4-x/3)YxTi(5-2x/3)O12的阻抗从纯Li4Ti5O12的912.5Ω降低到227.7 Ω.     

电力行业标准《火力发电厂锅炉化学清洗导则》(DL/T794-2001)简介

电力行业标准《火力发电厂锅炉化学清洗导则》(ＤＬ/Ｔ 794-2 0 0 1 ) (以下简称《导则》)是 1 986年原水电部颁发的《火力发电厂锅炉化学清洗导则》(ＳＤ 1 3 5 -86)修订。十多年来 ,随着大容量、亚临界、超临界机组和新型水处理设备相继投入运行。特别是我国的化学清洗技术水平、清洗介质、缓蚀剂、钝化剂、清洗质量标准以及工艺水平等方面都有了很大的发展和提高 ,在总结新的科研成果和清洗经验的基础上进行修订和补充。下面对《导则》的修订内容及修订过程简单介绍一下。1　导则的编制过程根据国家经贸委电力司 (电力 [1 999]40号 )文的…     

锂离子电池正极材料Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2的研究进展

综述了锂离子电池正极材料Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2的研究现状.对该材料结构、合成方法、电化学性能及热力学稳定性的研究进展作了较为详细的介绍,并对它的发展进行了展望.     

英国ER P2/6供电安全导则在苏州工业园区配电网的应用

提出了苏州工业园区配电网负荷组与供电可靠性水平对照表,明确各级电压协调、转供能力要求及规划标准,为指导苏州工业园区配电网规划提供了切实可行的规划标准,在同类区域配电网规划中具有较强的代表性和推广性。     

DL/T913-2005《火电厂水质分析仪器质量验收导则》编制说明

1任务来源 水质分析仪器是门界于热工仪表、电测仪表与水分析专业之间的"边缘学科",在电力生产中是进行化学监督,开展热力设备技术诊断,建立"专家系统"的主要技术手段.为此,搞好水质分析仪器应用可靠性,测量准确性是确保电力生产安全、稳定、经济运行的重要措施之一.为了查清水质分析仪器在火电厂中的实际应用情况.2002年8月由原国家电力公司发函(发输电计函[2002]213号文)进行调查研究.从华东、华北、东北、山东、广东等电力集团公司所属12个电力公司和华能系统直属火电厂的实际应用情况来看,不同程度地存在着不规范、不统一,甚至失控现象,已经不能完全满足安全生产和电力发展的要求(见国家电力公司、中电联发输电计函[2002]259号文).为了提高水质分析仪器的可靠性,2002年10月由原国家电力公司、中电联在大连联合召开了专题研讨会,并制定了今后的工作重点:(一)开展分析仪器计量管理工作,进行分析仪器实验室计量确认活动.(二)开展分析仪器质量检查验收工作,从源头(新购仪器开箱检查)抓起,加强运行仪器的质量控制,搞好分析仪器的全过程质量管理.