Giant oyster mushroom,Pleurotus giganteus (Agaricomycetes): Current status of the cultivation methods,chemical composition,biological, and health-promoting properties

Pleurotus giganteus (Berk.) Karunarathna & Hyde is one of the largest edible mushrooms which can be found either in groups or solitary and in soil and buried woods, but seldom in grassland. It has been recorded in Southeast Asia, Australasia, and China by either its common names or local names. Previously known as Lentinus/Panus giganteus, its unique physical characteristics and the utilization of molecular tools have since anchored its taxonomical position in the Pleurotus genus. A sawdust-based substrate coupled with soil casing method is described as a standard cultivation procedure for P. giganteus. The basidiocarp of P. giganteus is found to be rich in carbohydrates, proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and polysaccharides. Both ethanol and aqueous extracts of P. giganteus have been studied in vitro for its antioxidative, antifungal, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and neurite outgrowth capabilities. The review covers the optimum cultivation methods of P. giganteus, as well as its various biological activities and medicinal properties that have been studied by different approaches. Available data in regards to the chemical compounds present in P. giganteus are also compiled for future references. Overall, both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown significant bioactivity comparable to other recognized Pleurotoid mushrooms.     

减肥保健食品中非法添加酚酞和西布曲明的同时检测

目的：建立测定减肥保健食品中非法添加酚酞和西布曲明的高效液相色谱- 串联质谱分析方法,并通过研究其质谱特征,推测其裂解途径。方法：减肥咖啡、减肥茶、减肥胶囊、苹果醋咀嚼片、减肥蛋白素等不同类型的减肥保健食品经超声波辅助提取15min,以Waters Atlantis T3 柱(150mm × 2.1mm,3μm)分离后,进行HPLCMS/MS 多反应监测模式下的定性及定量分析。结果：酚酞在2.5～500μg/L 的范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9992;西布曲明在0.15～500μg/L 的范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9996。在低、中、高3 个添加水平范围内的平均回收率为82.3%～103.6%;日内精密度均小于5%,日间精密度均小于8%。在检测的20 种样品中,检出含有西布曲明的样品13 个,检出率为65%;含有酚酞的样品9 个,检出率为45%。结论：本方法分析速度快、灵敏度高、回收率好,可用于不同减肥保健食品中非法添加酚酞和西布曲明的同时检测。