非规则梁桥的振型重要性指标研究

针对非规则梁桥的振型重要性指标进行研究。首先,通过理论分析,确定在判断振型重要性方面,传统的振型质量参与系数存在缺点,并定义了振型位移贡献、振型位移贡献系数、振型位移贡献比例等新指标。然后,针对一座典型的非规则梁桥,通过振型质量参与系数分析和振型位移贡献系数分析的对比研究,确定采用振型位移贡献比例判断振型重要性,更加合理。最后,通过多座桥梁的参数分析,验证了振型位移贡献比例比质量参与系数更加优越。研究结果表明：振型质量参与系数仅能反映振型对于结构总体动力反应的重要性,而不能明确反映振型对于结构局部动力反应的重要性;振型位移贡献比例能弥补这一缺陷,可以作为振型重要性的指标;当前n阶振型位移贡献比例之和超过80%时,以前n阶振型为基础得到的结构位移可以满足非规则梁桥计算精度的需要。     

Vibration of Double-Rigidity Shafts

We consider an approximate method for the evaluation of quasiharmonic vibrations of double-rigidity shafts in passing through the resonance.     

Measurement Techniques of Torsional Vibration in Rotating Shafts

The measurement of torsional vibration is a common practice in certain fields, such as the automotive industry, power generation, or large alternative engines. Similarly, functional analysis and diagnostic of other equipment, which are not traditionally measured, can benefit greatly from this type of measurement. This review discusses some techniques used in industry to measure torsional vibration, briefly describing the types of sensors used and the transduction procedures. Choosing the most appropriate technique in each case not only responds to economic reasons, but also to other conditions of the given equipment, such as its design, coupled machines or devices, functional status and operating environment, and the possibilities to install the instrumentation.     

用高阶梁单元计算结构附带集中质量的灵敏度

采用高阶有限梁单元,研究梁或刚架结构附带集中质量的固有频率及其灵敏度计算问题。通过在节点上增加曲率和曲率的一阶导数两个独立的自由度,可以直接获得频率灵敏度计算所需的基本量。计算结果表明：用高阶梁单元,可以较精确地获得固有频率及其对集中质量位置的灵敏度值。此外,经过比较发现,在单元网格划分比较密集的情形下,采用通常的2节点4自由度梁单元,也能获得比较满意的频率灵敏度计算结果。     

挠曲轴系横向振动计算及分析

根据某近海拖轮的推进系统,将其轴系进行分析和简化,利用有限元软件ANSYS分别建立正常轴系和挠曲轴系横向振动的计算模型,对轴系的固有频率变化进行分析。通过数值模拟,研究轴系发生弯曲的情况下,轴系的弯曲变形对固有频率的影响。发现挠曲轴系固有频率的大小比正常轴系的固有频率要小,而且随着振动阶数的上升而明显减小。对于其他边界条件的轴来说,也具有相同的性质。这对船舶设计以及航行的安全性具有一定的指导意义。     

变截面功能梯度旋转轴的自由振动特性

基于微分求积有限元(DQFEM)和铁木辛柯梁理论研究轴向变截面功能梯度旋转轴自由振动特性.首先利用上述理论和方法建立理论分析模型;然后将基于该模型所得的计算结果与已有文献和有限元软件ANSYS进行对比验证,结果表明该模型具有准确性、稳定性和通用性;最后采用上述模型分别研究变截面锥度系数和梯度系数对转轴固有频率和临界转速...     

大跨径桥梁的风振控制研究

现代桥梁的发展趋势是大跨径、轻柔。随着桥梁跨径的增大，结构风致振动问题也愈加突出，因而风振控制的重要性也愈加显现。在简要回顾国内外关于桥梁两种主要风振-颤振及抖振控制研究的基础上，对大跨径桥梁的风振提出了控制措施。     

Damping Identification of Bridges Under Nonstationary Ambient Vibration

This research focuses on identifying the damping ratio of bridges using nonstationary ambient vibration data. The damping ratios of bridges in service have generally been identified using operational modal analysis (OMA) based on a stationary white noise assumption for input signals. However, most bridges are generally subjected to nonstationary excitations while in service, and this violation of the basic assumption can lead to uncertainties in damping identification. To deal with nonstationarity, an amplitude-modulating function was calculated from measured responses to eliminate global trends caused by nonstationary input. A natural excitation technique (NExT)-eigensystem realization algorithm (ERA) was applied to estimate the damping ratio for a stationarized process. To improve the accuracy of OMA-based damping estimates, a comparative analysis was performed between an extracted stationary process and nonstationary data to assess the effect of eliminating nonstationarity. The mean value and standard deviation of the damping ratio for the first vertical mode decreased after signal stationarization.     

具有多个主振模态振动系统的减振优化设计

本文研究被动减振装置的优化设计问题。对经受稳态激励的振动系统提出了一个两步减振优化设计方法,以确定减振装置的最优安装位置和参数。该方法直接以对系统的振动量级要求为设计目标函数,避免对原始结构和附加减振结构组成的复杂系统进行重复的动态性能分析,因而可用于工程中复杂结构的减振设计。     

Vibration Evaluation of Wrinkled Membrane Inflated Beam

Inflated booms are under increasing application in various membrane spacecraft structures. A specific emphasis is often placed on determining static characteristics of inflated beams in bending. There is a lack of knowledge in dynamic conditions, especially for simple and accurate solutions for wrinkled inflated beams. This article deals with the theoretical evaluation on the natural frequencies of wrinkled inflated beams. Three factors, including the inflated pressure, the wrinkles, and the aspect ratio, are introduced into the vibration equation of the beam to predict the first-order natural frequency of the wrinkled inflated beams. The predictions on the first-order natural frequency agree well with the vibration simulations. The parametric studies on the vibration characteristics of the wrinkled inflated beam are performed in the end. Results reveal that the wrinkles decrease the first-order natural frequency of the inflated beam greatly. The first-order frequency of the wrinkled inflated beam is sensitive to the aspect ratio. The results and conclusions are good references to the design and the wrinkling control of the inflated booms.     

基于轧件水平振动的轧机辊系振动补偿模型

考虑轧件水平振动对轧制力和摩擦力动态特性的影响,建立了一种基于轧件水平振动的轧机辊系振动补偿模型。根据广义耗散的Lagrange原理,分别沿轧制方向和垂直轧制方向建立动力学平衡方程。以某厂四辊板带轧机为例,仿真分析轧件水平振动速度和轧机辊系垂直振动位移随轧辊转速的变化规律,测试了5组不同转速下的轧制力数据;对模型补偿前后轧制力理论值与测试数据误差进行了对比。研究结果表明:补偿后的模型轧制力理论值与实测数据之间的误差大大减小。