孕妇外周血CD_4~＋CD_（25）~＋调节性T细胞对子痫前期的预测

目的：探讨孕妇外周血CD4＋CD25＋调节性T细胞（CD4＋CD25＋Tregs）对子痫前期的预测价值。方法：选取190例于我院产前常规孕期体检及分娩的孕产妇作为研究对象,按孕产妇是否发生子痫前期分为子痫前期组及正常对照组,采用流式细胞仪测定各孕妇20～24周外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）中CD4＋T细胞及CD4＋CD25＋Tregs的比率,并随访至分娩。采用磁珠分选技术分选随访期间确诊子痫前期的患者外周血PBMC中CD4＋CD25＋Tregs和CD4＋CD25-T细胞,酶联免疫仪检测CD4＋CD25＋Tregs对CD4＋CD25-T细胞增殖的抑制作用,并与正常孕妇组对比。结果：①随访情况。190例孕产妇妊娠期内有15例发展为子痫前期,其余175例为正常分娩,2组在剖宫产率、胎儿心率异常率、新生儿1 min及5 min的Apgar评分有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。②CD4＋CD25＋Tregs的数量。子痫前期组和正常对照组外周血PBMC中CD4＋T细胞比率分别为34.21%±6.92%和35.72%±7.45%,2组比较无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。子痫前期组外周血PBMC中CD4＋CD25＋Tregs占CD4＋T细胞的比率为6.71%±2.21%,明显低于正常对照组的12.01%±2.98%（P〈0.05）。③CD4＋CD25＋Tregs的抑制功能。子痫前期组CD4＋CD25＋Tregs对CD4＋CD25-T细胞增殖的抑制百分率为57.56%±9.47%,正常孕妇组为78.27%±12.43%,2组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。④CD4＋CD25＋Tregs的预测性。以CD4＋CD25＋Trges数量变化预测子痫前期的ROC曲线下面积为0.913,Tregs的最佳截断点为6.605%,预测子痫前期的敏感度86.7%、特异度82.85%。结论：孕妇妊娠中期外周血CD4＋CD25＋Tregs数量减少和（或）抑制功能下降与子痫前期的发生相关,可作为子痫前期的预测性指标。     

狼疮性肾炎患儿外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的变化

目的 探讨狼疮性肾炎(LN)患儿外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(Tregs)的变化及意义.方法 采用流式细胞术检测30例LN患JL(LN组)和30例健康儿童(对照组)外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞百分比,并分析其与24-h尿微量白蛋白(UMA)及狼疮活动指数(SLE-DAI)的关系.结果 LN患儿外周血中CD4+CD25+Tregs明显低于对照组(P<0.01);CD4+CD25+Tregs 与24-h UMA呈显著负相关,与SLE-DAI呈等级负相关.结论 LN患儿外周血CD4+CD25+Tregs百分比异常降低可能参与LN的起病与发展.CD4+CD25+Tregs百分比与24-h UMA呈显著负相关,与SLE-DAI呈等级负相关,提示可以作为监测LN患儿病情及预后的指标.     

支原体肺炎儿童外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞水平的变化及维生素A的调节作用

目的 探讨肺炎支原体肺炎(MPP)患儿外周血淋巴细胞中CD4+ CD25+调节性T细胞(Treg)、T细胞亚群CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CDs水平的变化及临床意义;探讨体外实验时维生素A体内活性代谢产物视黄酸对MPP患儿外周血淋巴细胞CD4+ CD25+ Treg细胞、T细胞亚群CD3+、CD4+表达及CD4+/CD8+比率的调节干预作用.方法 选择2012年10-12月在空军总医院儿科确诊为MPP的20例住院患儿作为研究对象,其中10例患儿作为病例试验组,另10例患儿作为病例对照组(即未与视黄酸孵育),同期10例同龄健康儿童作为正常对照组.收集患儿及正常对照儿童外周血标本,分离单个核细胞,用流式细胞仪检测外周血淋巴细胞中CD4+ CD25+ Treg细胞、T细胞亚群CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平,病例试验组提取其淋巴细胞在体外培养基中加入一定量视黄酸共同培养孵育,再次测定CD4+ CD25+ Treg细胞、T细胞亚群CD3+、CD4+、CD4+/CD8+水平,将上述指标进行比较分析.结果 病例组患儿外周血淋巴细胞中CD4+ CD25+ Treg细胞、CD4+/CD8+、CD3+百分比分别为(4.5±1.9)％、(1.3±0.9)％、(38.9±11.4)％,正常对照组儿童分别为(13.2±2.5)％、(7.9±3.0)％、(65.1±8.8)％,病例对照组明显低于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而与视黄酸共同孵育后病例试验组以上指标明显升高,分别上升至(9.2±3.8)％、(5.9±2.5)％、(81.3±11.6)％,与病例对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 MPP患儿外周血淋巴细胞中CD4+ CD25+ Treg细胞、CD3+T细胞表达明显受抑,CD4+/CD8+亚群比例异常,T细胞亚群数量及功能明显紊乱,而体外试验时维生素A体内活性代谢产物视黄酸干预后能增强淋巴细胞CD4+ CD25+ Treg细胞、CD3+ T细胞表达,恢复CD4+/CD8+亚群比例,纠正T细胞亚群功能失衡,从而增强、协调机体免疫、抗感染能力,为维生素A辅助治疗MPP提高参考.     

肺癌患者外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的检测及其临床意义

目的 探讨检测肺癌患者手术前后外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的临床意义.方法 原发性肺癌患者43例(肺癌组),健康体检者20例(健康对照组).应用流式细胞术检测其外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的水平.结果 肺癌组患者手术前外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞表达高于健康对照组(P<0.01);肺癌组患者术后30 d时外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞水平较术前明显下降(P<0.05).结论 肺癌患者外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的水平增高;肺癌患者术后外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的水平下调,提示术后机体抗肿瘤免疫功能有了一定程度恢复.     

不同剂量雷帕霉素对小鼠体内CD4+CD25+Treg细胞的影响

目的研究不同剂量雷帕霉素对小鼠体内Treg细胞的影响。方法将SPF级昆明系小鼠60只随机分为对照组(A)和实验组(B、C、D),B、C、D三组分别灌胃雷帕霉素1、2、3 mg.kg-1,A组每天予以无菌水灌胃,共3周。3周后,无菌条件下心脏采血,EDTA抗凝,分离脾脏,制备单细胞悬液,采用流式细胞仪检测小鼠外周血和脾脏中CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞水平(CD4+CD25+Treg细胞占CD4+T细胞的百分比)。结果实验组(B、C、D)小鼠外周血和脾细胞中CD4+CD25+Treg细胞水平分别为(9.62±1.43)%(、13.76±1.97)%(、15.41±2.45)%和(12.23±4.56)%(、23.03±6.18)%(、25.17±6.42)%,对照组(A)小鼠外周血和脾细胞中CD4+CD25+Treg细胞水平分别为(3.52±0.65)%和(6.53±3.01)%,无论是在外周血还是脾细胞中,B、C、D组CD4+CD25+Treg细胞水平明显高于A组(P0.05),C、D组与B组之间CD4+CD25+Treg细胞水平也有明显差异性(P0.05),C组和D组之间CD4+CD25+Treg细胞水平无明显差异性(P0.05)。结论雷帕霉素能够诱导昆明系小鼠体内CD4+CD25+Treg细胞增殖,其使用剂量可以影响CD4+CD25+Treg细胞的增殖程度。     

CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞在晚期肺癌中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(Treg细胞)在晚期肺癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法应用流式细胞术分析30例晚期肺癌患者外周血CD4+CD25+Treg细胞表达水平,与10例健康人比较。结果晚期肺癌患者外周血CD4+CD25+Treg细胞数量增加(17.9±6.1)%,表达高于正常人(6.81±0.4)%(P<0.001)。肺癌患者外周血中Treg细胞数量与患者的病理类型无关(P>0.05),但与临床分期和组织学分化程度有关(P<0.01)。结论Treg细胞在肺癌患者中比率明显升高,并与临床进展有关。     

哮喘患者外周血单个核细胞CD4~+CD25~+调节性T细胞及IL-4分泌水平的检测

目的:探讨CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞在哮喘发病机制中的作用,为哮喘的临床治疗提供新的思路和方法。方法:分离哮喘患者和正常人外周血单个核细胞(PBMC),用流式细胞仪分析CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞在外周血单个核细胞中的比例;酶联免疫吸附法(ELASA)检测外周血PBMC培养上清IL-4的分泌状况。结果:哮喘组外周血CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞的百分率为(3.2±1.5)%,健康对照组为(6.5±2.5)%,哮喘组明显低于对照组(P<0.05);哮喘组外周血PBMC培养上清IL-4分泌水平为(57.3±13.5)ng/L,健康对照组为(28.6±7.2)ng/L,哮喘组明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞可能参与了哮喘的发生与发展。     

替比夫定对慢性HBV感染孕妇CD4＋CD25＋调节性T细胞的影响

目的 通过替比夫定对慢性HBV（Hepatitis B Virus）感染妊娠妇女外周血细胞CD4＋CD25＋调节性T细胞（CD4＋CD25＋ regulatory T cells）细胞率影响,探讨乙肝病毒宫内感染的可能作用机制.方法 选取慢性HBV感染孕妇100例,分为治疗组和对照组,治疗前及治疗后1月、3月、分娩前流式细胞术检测孕产妇Tregs比率,新生儿出生后检测乙肝五项及HBVDNA定量,酶联免疫吸附法检测乙肝五项,实时荧光定量PCR检测孕妇及新生儿HBVDNA定量,全自动生化分析仪检测孕妇肝功能.结果 对照组孕妇所生49例新生儿中,有5例HBsAg阳性,阳性率为11.2％,治疗组孕妇所生50例新生儿中有0例HBsAg阳性,阳性率为0％,两组相比差异具有统计学意义（x2=5.373,P＜0.05）.治疗组孕妇外周血Tregs比率治疗前、治疗后1月、3月、分娩前Tregs分别为（4.85±1.83）％、（3.26±1.39）％、（2.24±1.47）％、（1.78±0.56）％,对照组妇外周血Tregs比率治疗前、治疗后1月、3月、分娩前外周血Tregs比例分别为：（4.62±2.01）％、（4.59±2.51）％、（3.42±2.90）％、（1.99±1.64）％.妊娠时间与替比夫定抗病毒治疗之间有交互作用（F=3.88,P＜0.05）,治疗组与对照组CD4＋CD25＋调节性T细胞的差异有统计学意义（F=10.56,P＜0.05）.治疗前后不同时间的CD4＋CD25＋调节性T细胞的差异有统计学意义（F=42.39,P＜ 0.001）.结论 替比夫定能降低乙肝母婴垂直传播,降低妊娠妇女Tregs细胞比率.     

CD4+CD25+T淋巴细胞在支气管哮喘患者外周血的表达及意义

目的 探讨外周血CD4+CD25+T淋巴细胞与支气管哮喘的关系.方法 用流式细胞术分别检测支气管哮喘患者34例(A组)和健康人25例(B组)外周血CD4+CD25+T淋巴细胞的百分率,采用ELISA法检测外周血血清白细胞介素10(IL-10)水平,用化学发光法检测外周血IgE水平,并分析CD4+CD25+T淋巴细胞与外周血IgE及IL-10水平的相关性.结果 A组外周血CD4+CD25+T淋巴细胞百分率显著低于B组[(5.90±1.10)%vs.(7.13±1.48)%](P<0.05),且与血IL-10呈正相关,与IgE呈负相关(P<0.05).结论 CD4+CD25+T淋巴细胞在支气管哮喘患者中高表达,与IL-10及IgE有一定的相关性,是参与支气管哮喘的发生、发展的重要T淋巴细胞.     

变应性鼻炎患者外周血CD+4CD+25Treg细胞检测及临床意义

目的 了解变应性鼻炎患者外周血CD+4 CD+25 Treg细胞含量并探讨其临床意义.方法 采用流式细胞仪分别检测变应性鼻炎15例外周血淋巴细胞中CD+4 T细胞占T细胞比例以及CD+4 CD+25 Treg细胞占CD+4 T细胞的比例,并与15例健康对照者进行比较.结果 变应性鼻炎患者外周血CD+4 T细胞占T细胞比例与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);变应性鼻炎患者外周血中CD+4 CD+25 Treg细胞、Foxp3+ CD+4 CD+25 T细胞占CD+4 T细胞的比例与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),2组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 变应性鼻炎患者CD+4 CD+25 Treg细胞在外周血中比例明显减少,这可能在变应性鼻炎的发病机制中起重要作用.     

CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞与儿科疾病

古希腊特尔斐阿波罗神庙上镌刻着一句铭言:Gnothi Seauton(英文为know thyself)即"认识自己"."认识自己"已成为免疫学家广为认可的定律:机体免疫系统首先必须识别自身的抗原,产生无反应性,再针对外来抗原产生免疫应答,即"识别自身,排斥异己".     

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in health and disease

1. Over the past 5 years, tremendous progress has been made in understanding the suppressive mechanisms of T regulatory (Treg) cells. The Treg cells, a subpopulation of T cells, have been shown to play an important role in maintaining peripheral tolerance and the prevention of autoimmunity. 2. Various populations of Treg cells have been described, including thymically derived CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells. These naturally occurring Treg cells are present in the periphery and are capable of suppressing proliferation and effector T cell responses both in vitro and in vivo. 3. In addition, a second subset of Treg cells, type 1 T regulatoary (Tr1) and Th3 cells, exert their suppressive capacity via cytokines such as interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-beta and are contact independent. 4. The present review summarizes the characteristics and molecular basis of CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg cells, as well as their therapeutic potential in modulating inflammatory diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis.     

The generation and antigen-specificity of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells are essential components of the immune system. They help to maintain immune tolerance by exerting suppressive effects on cells of the adaptive and innate immune system. In the last few years there has been an abundance of papers addressing the suppressive effects of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and their putative role in various experimental disease models and human diseases. Despite the enormous amounts of data on these cells a number of controversial issues still exists. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells were originally described as thymus-derived anergic/suppressive T cells. Recent papers however indicate that these cells might also be generated in the periphery. Due to the thymic development of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells it was thought that these cells were specific for self-antigens. Indeed it was shown that CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells could be positively selected upon high affinity interaction with self-antigens. However, evidence is accumulating that these cells might also interact with non-self antigens. Finally, in the literature there is conflicting evidence regarding the role of soluble factors versus cell-contact in the mechanism of suppression. The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence supporting these opposing viewpoints and to combine them into a general model for the origin, function and antigen-specificity of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells.     

Targeting CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T-cells for the augmentation of cancer immunotherapy

CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T-regulatory (Treg) cells are vital to the maintenance of peripheral self tolerance and are implicated in tolerance to foreign antigens. Increasing evidence shows that Treg cells may also play an important role in immune evasion mechanisms employed by cancer. Treg cells are actively recruited and induced by tumors to block innate and adaptive immune priming, effector function and memory response, which can inhibit the efficacy of therapeutic cancer vaccines. As such, modulation of Treg cell function in cancer has been studied using various approaches, with encouraging preclinical and clinical findings. However, controlled and effective modulation of Treg cell function for cancer therapeutics will be contingent on a better understanding of the molecular basis of Treg cell interaction with tumor cells and ensuing immunosuppressive mechanisms.     

雷帕霉素诱导Balb/c小鼠CD4~+ CD25~+ foxp3~+调节性T细胞增殖

目的探讨雷帕霉素对Balb/c小鼠CD4+ CD25+ foxp3+调节性T细胞的作用。方法取8wk龄的SPF级Balb/c小鼠30只,随机分为两组,实验组每只灌胃雷帕霉素0.4mg.d-1,对照组灌胃每天予等体积无菌水,共3wk。无菌条件下肝素抗凝心脏采血,分离脾脏,制备单细胞悬液。采用流式细胞仪检测小鼠外周血和脾细胞CD4+CD25+T细胞,实时定量PCR检测小鼠脾细胞foxp3 mRNA的表达。结果实验组小鼠外周血和脾细胞中CD4+CD25+T细胞的比例分别为(9.95±4.65)%和(24.13±10.06)%,对照组小鼠外周血和脾细胞中CD4+CD25+T细胞的比例分别为(5.01±1.49)%和(8.48±3.19)%,差异均有显著性(P<0.01)。实验组小鼠脾细胞foxp3 mRNA的表达水平明显高于对照组,是对照组的6.029倍,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论雷帕霉素能够明显诱导Balb/c小鼠体内CD4+CD25+T细胞的增殖,并能提高foxp3+ mRNA的表达。     

Generation of CD2+CD8+ NK Cells from c-kit+ Bone Marrow Cells in Porcine

Natural killer (NK) cells provide one of the initial barriers of cellular host defense against pathogens, in particular intracellular pathogens. Because bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), lymphoid protenitors, can give rise to NK cells, NK ontogeny has been considered to be exclusively lymphoid. Here, we show that porcine c-kit⁺ bone marrow cells (c-kit⁺ BM cells) develop into NK cells in vitro in the presence of various cytokines [interleukin (IL)-2, IL-7, IL-15, IL-21, stem cell factor (SCF), and fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 ligand (FLT3L)]. Adding hydrocortisone (HDC) and stromal cells greatly increases the frequency of c-kit⁺ BM cells that give rise to CD2⁺CD8⁺ NK cells. Also, intracellular levels of perforin, granzyme B, and NKG2D were determined by RT-PCR and western blotting analysis. It was found that of perforin, granzyme B, and NKG2D levels significantly were increased in cytokine-stimulated c-kit⁺ BM cells than those of controls. And, we compared the ability of the cytotoxicity of CD2⁺CD8⁺ NK cells differentiated by cytokines from c-kit⁺ BM cells against K562 target cells for 28 days. Cytokines-induced NK cells as effector cells were incubated with K562 cells as target in a ratio of 100:1 for 4 h once a week. In results, CD2⁺CD8⁺ NK cells induced by cytokines and stromal cells showed a significantly increased cytotoxicity 21 days later. Whereas, our results indicated that c-kit⁺ BM cells not pretreated with cytokines have lower levels of cytotoxicity. Taken together, this study suggests that cytokines-induced NK cells from porcine c-kit⁺ BM cells may be used as adoptive transfer therapy if the known obstacles to xenografting (e.g. immune and non-immune problems) were overcome in the future.     

雷帕霉素诱导大鼠体内CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞的增殖

目的 探讨雷帕霉素(RPM)对大鼠CD4+CD25+FoxP3调节性T细胞的影响.方法 大鼠20只随机均分为两组:实验组RPM 2 mg·kg-1·d-1灌胃2周;对照组用生理盐水替代.无菌件下下腔静脉采血,并分离脾脏及胸腺,制备单个核细胞悬液.采用流式细胞术检测大鼠外周血、脾脏及胸腺内CD4+CD25+T细胞的占单个核细胞的比例,实时定量-PCR检测脾脏细胞FoxP3 mRNA表达,ELISA检测外周血血清转化生长因子β(TGF-13)和白细胞介素10(IL-10)含量.结果 实验组外周血、脾脏和胸腺中CD4+CD25+T细胞的比例明显高于对照组(P＜0.05).实验组大鼠脾脏细胞FoxP3 mRNA表达为对照组的4.1倍.实验组TGF-β和IL-10显著高于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 RPM能诱导大鼠体内CD4+CD25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞增殖,且增加体内免疫抑制性细胞因子TGF-β和IL-10的分泌.     

Resveratrol induces the suppression of tumor-derived CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg cells) are negative regulator of the immune system and main obstacles to cancer immunotherapy in tumor-bearing hosts. Resveratrol is a natural product found in grapes with both immunomodulatory and anticancer effects, which can be controlled by Treg cells. Therefore, to determine whether resveratrol performs these actions via Treg cells, we investigated changes in Treg cell population and immunomodulatory cytokines in EG7 tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mice. In the present study, CD4+CD25+ cell population among CD4+ cells was inhibited ex vivo by resveratrol treatment in a dose-dependent manner. FoxP3+ expressing cells among CD4+CD25+ population were significantly reduced after resveratrol treatment ex vivo in intracellular FACS analysis. Single intraperitoneal administration of 4 mg/kg resveratrol suppressed the CD4+CD25+ cell population among CD4+ cells and downregulated secretion of TGF-beta, an immunosuppressive cytokine, measured from the spleens of tumor-bearing mice. Furthermore, resveratrol enhanced IFN-gamma expression in CD8+ T cells both ex vivo and in vivo,leading to immune stimulation. Taken together, these results suggest that resveratrol has a suppressive role on CD4+CD25+ cell population and makes peritumoral microenvironment unfavorable to tumor in tumor-bearing mice. Thus, resveratrol can be considered as possible adjuvant material for vaccination-based cancer therapy.     

造血移植物中CD3~+CD8~(low)和CD3~+CD4~-CD8~(low)细胞亚群的检测及分析

目的检测造血移植物(正常人骨髓、脐血及动员后外周血)中CD3+CD8low和CD3+CD4-CD8low细胞亚群,探讨其促进造血干/祖细胞植入异基因骨髓的功能,以期拓宽脐血移植的应用范围。方法直接三色免疫荧光标记流式细胞术检测。结果CD3+CD8low和CD3+CD4-CD8low细胞亚群占CD3+细胞亚群的比例在骨髓中最高,为(8.61±1.40)%,动员后外周血次之,为(5.11±0.76)%,脐血最低,为(3.31±0.88)%(P<0.01);"初始"T(CD45RA+CD45RO-)细胞亚群占CD8low细胞亚群的比例为脐血(94.26±2.46),骨髓(58.68±7.57),动员后外周血(73.21±3.60),"初始"T占CD8high细胞亚群的比例为脐血(82.63±3.16),骨髓(38.69±3.24),动员后外周血(51.58±4.23),各移植物中"初始"T细胞亚群占CD8low细胞亚群的比例均高于其占CD8high细胞亚群的比例(P<0.01),CD8low细胞亚群中"初始"T与"记忆"T(CD45RA-CD45RO+)细胞亚群的比例均高于二者在CD8high细胞亚群的比例。结论脐血CD8low和CD8lowCD4-细胞占CD3+细胞的比例明显低于骨髓,可能是脐血移植植入延迟的原因之一;"初始T与"记忆"T细胞亚群的比例增高,可能与CD3+CD8low细胞亚群维持和诱导免疫耐受,不引起移植物抗宿主病有关。