干扰素调节因子-6基因与非综合征性唇腭裂的关系

先天性唇腭裂常分为综合征性唇腭裂和非综合征性唇腭裂两大类,其中非综合征性唇腭裂（nonsyndromic cleft lip with orwithout cleft palate,NSCL/P）约占先天性唇腭裂的70%-80%。国内外学者在对NSCL/P相关基因进行研究后发现,干扰素调节因子6（Interferon Regulatory Factor 6,IRF6）是迄今发现最有价值的并且与NSCL/P致病有相关性的热点基因之一,但是仍有部分学者通过实验研究后得出了相反的结论,故IRF6基因与NSCL/P之间的相关性说法不一,存在较大的争论,究竟前者是通过何种遗传方式作用于后者、仍然不十分清楚,且需要大样本的研究来证实。本文就IRF6基因与NSCL/P的关系做一综述,为研究两者的关系提供系统性参考。     

黔北人群TGFα基因多态性与非综合征性唇腭裂的相关性研究

本研究旨在探讨黔北地区人群TGFα基因3个SNP位点的多态性及其与非综合征性唇腭裂的相关性。采用PCR和测序方法对86个对照儿童(其中核心家系41例)和116个NSCL/P儿童(其中核心家系52例)的TGFα基因rs11466297、rs473698和rs115055578 3个SNP位点进行扩增和测序;对样本群体进行Hardy-weinberg平衡检测,对2组人群进行基因型频率、等位基因频率比较及OR分析;对病例组核心家系进行HHRR和TDT检验。对照组与病例组人群rs11466297基因型均为AA野生型,rs473698位点包含GG型、GC型和CC型,rs115055578位点基因型均为GG野生型。对于rs473698位点,对照组和病例组均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡法则(p>0.05),2组人群的基因型和等位基因频率分布差异均无统计学意义(p<0.05);rs473698位点未发现传递不平衡现象(p>0.05)。黔北地区人群TGFα基因rs11466297和rs115055578位点以野生纯合型为主,rs473698位点具有多态性,但其多态性与黔北地区人群区非综合征性唇腭裂的发生可能没有相关性。     

人胃癌细胞系中P53抑癌基因变异的检测及其序列分析

Ｐ５３抑癌基因由于点突变,缺失或易位等方式而丧失活性是多种瘤发生发展的重要机理之一。本文应用聚合酶链式反应－－单链构锡多态性分析（ＰＣＲ－ＳＳＣＰ）方法,对四种人胃癌细胞系ＭＧＣ８０３,ＢＧＣ８２３,ＧＣ７９０１和ＰＡＭＣ－８２中Ｐ５３基因的第５、６、７、８四个外显子进行检测,结果发现,ＰＡＭＣ－８２的第５第第８外显子,ＧＣ７９０１的第６外显子存在突变,ＰＣＲ－直接测序证明,它们分别在１７４位、２     

白血病融合基因EVI1的多态性与白血病发生风险的相关性

目的:探讨白血病融合基因亲嗜性病毒整合位点1(ecotropic viral integration site-1,EVI1)的多态性与白血病发生风险的相关性。方法:选取本院2017年2月～2019年2月收治的骨刺患儿90例作为研究组,同期选择健康人群83例作为对照组。清晨空腹抽取两组入选者的外周静脉血2 mL,采用PCR方法检测两组入选者EVI1的多态性情况,调查一般资料并进行相关性分析。结果:EVI1 rs17561基因共有CC、CA、AA三种基因型,两组入选者的EVI1 rs17561基因分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律,研究对象具有群体代表性。两组入选者EVI1 rs17561基因型分布差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),研究组的EVI1 rs17561基因CC基因型显著高于对照组(90.0%vs. 75.9%, P0.05),研究组的等位基因C频率(显著高于对照组(96.7%vs. 80.7%, P0.05)。在90例骨刺患儿中,6例患儿确诊为白血病,检出率为6.7%,均为CC基因型。研究组患儿EVI1 rs17561基因的CC基因型与血小板计数、危险度分层、诊断分型显著相关(P0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析显示血小板计数、危险度分层、诊断分型为影响EVI1rs17561CC基因型的主要因素(P0.05)。结论:白血病患儿融合基因EVI1多态性比较常见,多表现为rs17561CC等位基因,此等位基因可能与白血病患者的血小板计数、危险度分层、诊断分型显著相关,其中血小板计数、危险度分层、诊断分型为影响EVI1rs17561CC基因型的主要因素。     

P53肿瘤抑制基因的研究与进展

Ｐ５３肿瘤抑制基因的研究与进展徐清,汤雪明（上海第二医科大学细胞生物学实验室２０００２５）Ｐ５３基因是目前癌基因和抑癌基因研究中最引人注目的新星。１９８１年Ｗｅｉｎｂｅｒｙ等人首先报道人癌基因分离成功,癌基因的研究成为肿瘤研究的热点“’１１９８６年人...     

人肝细胞癌中抑癌基因PTEN/MMAC1/TEP1的突变分析

PTEN／MMAC1／TEP1(PTEN)是新近分离到的抑癌基因,在多种肿瘤中存在突变。我们检测了34例人肝细胞癌中PTEN基因第5外显子和第8外显子的突变。采用聚合酶链方法以内含子引物扩增第5和第8外显子,继之以单链构象多态性和测序技术分析PTEN基因突变。有4例肝细胞癌SSCP显示异常条带并经测序证实存在突变。2例发生于第4内含子,突变位点相同;另两例发生于第8外显子,其中1例碱基颠换导致PTEN蛋白产物304位半胱氨酸突变为甘氨酸。     

上皮性卵巢癌患者组织P53、Ki67表达及其临床意义

摘要 目的：探讨上皮性卵巢癌患者组织P53、Ki67表达及其临床意义。方法：选择卵巢肿瘤102例,其中病理诊断为良性卵巢肿瘤40例(良性组)和上皮性卵巢癌62例(恶性组),采用免疫组化法检测组织P53、Ki67表达水平,调查患者的临床病理特征并进行相关性分析。结果：恶性组的P53、Ki67表达阳性率为80.6 %和72.6 %,显著高于良性组的10.0 %和12.5 %(P<0.05)。在恶性组中,不同浸润转移、分化程度、病理分期患者的P53、Ki67表达阳性率对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。直线相关分析显示上皮性卵巢癌患者P53表达阳性率与Ki67表达阳性率呈现显著正相关性(r=0.872,P=0.000)。多因素logistic回归分析显示浸润转移、分化程度、病理分期都为影响P53、Ki67表达阳性率的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论：上皮性卵巢癌患者组织P53、Ki67都呈现高表达状况,与患者的临床病理特征显著相关,两者也可互相影响,共同参与上皮性卵巢癌的发生与发展。     

抑癌基因OVCA1的研究进展

随着肿瘤分子生物学技术及学科的发展,人们认识到癌症是一种基因疾病,肿瘤的发生发展是多种基因参与的复杂过程,包括癌基因的异常激活和肿瘤抑制基因失活。新近分离鉴定的重要的肿瘤抑制基因——卵巢癌基因1(OVCA1)在多种肿瘤中存在高频率的缺失和突变,对多种癌细胞增殖有明显的抑制作用,可能作用于肿瘤发生的早期阶段,在哺乳动物中高度保守,提示在细胞中具有重要作用;OVCA1可能具有调控细胞周期、翻译、DNA损伤及胚胎发育等生物功能,具体作用机制尚不明确;体外研究显示,OVCA1的缺失表达导致肿瘤发生可能与周期蛋白D1上调表达、P16下调表达相关,与p53基因突变可能存在相互作用;OVCA1的缺失表达与卵巢癌发生发展及预后密切相关,与宫颈癌及人乳头瘤病毒感染、乳腺癌等恶性肿瘤的关系尚在研究中。我们简要综述了OVCA1基因的国内外研究进展,为卵巢癌等恶性肿瘤进行基因水平的诊治提供理论依据。     

P53 Codon 72 多态性、P53 表达与宫颈癌放疗敏感性 相关性的研究

目的:研究P53 Codon 72多态性、P53的表达与宫颈癌放疗敏感性的相关性.方法:Ib2期宫颈癌患者274例,术前192Ir腔内后装4次,A点放疗剂量2400cGy,一周2次,共2周.治疗后14d进行广泛性子宫切除.据术后病理放疗反应HE染色结果分为放疗敏感与放射抗拒两组.免疫组化SP法检测P53蛋白在治疗前宫颈癌组织中的表达,分析放疗敏感与放射抗拒两组P53蛋白表达差异有无显著性意义;采用PCR后测序的方法检测治疗前P53第72密码子的基因型频率多态性(P53Codon 72),分析放疗敏感与放射抗拒两组中各P53Codon72基因型的差异有无显著性意义.结果:放疗抗拒组与放疗敏感组相比,P53高表达的比例显著高于P53低表达的比例(P=0.00081).P53 Codon 72多态性分析,Pro/Pro与Arg/Arg、Pro/Pro与Arg/Pro在放疗敏感组与放疗抗拒组的分布差异显著(P值分别为P=0.009和P=0.032);Arg/Arg与Arg/Pro,在放疗敏感组与放疗抗拒组的分布无显著差异(P=0.503).结论:P53 Codon 72多态性和P53蛋白与宫颈癌放疗敏感性有相关性,可以作为早期宫颈癌放疗敏感性的预测指标.     

P53 Codon 72多态性、P53表达与宫颈癌放疗敏感性相关性的研究

目的：研究P53 Codon 72多态性、P53的表达与宫颈癌放疗敏感性的相关性。方法：Ib2期宫颈癌患者274例,术前192Ir腔内后装4次,A点放疗剂量2400cGy,一周2次,共2周。治疗后14d进行广泛性子宫切除。据术后病理放疗反应HE染色结果分为放疗敏感与放射抗拒两组。免疫组化sP法检测P53蛋白在治疗前宫颈癌组织中的表达,分析放疗敏感与放射抗拒两组P53蛋白表达差异有无显著性意义;采用PCR后测序的方法检测治疗前P53第72密码子的基因型频率多态性（P53 Codon 72）。分析放疗敏感与放射抗拒两组中各P53 Codon 72基因型的差异有无显著性意义。结果：放疗抗拒组与放疗敏感组相比。P53高表达的比例显著高于P53低表达的比例（P=O．00081）。P53 Codon 72多态性分析,Pro／Pro与Arg／Arg、Pro／Pro与Arg／Pro在放疗敏感组与放疗抗拒组的分布差异显著（P值分别为P=0．009和P=0．032）;Arg／Arg与Arg／Pro,在放疗敏感组与放疗抗拒组的分布无显著差异（P=O．503）。结论：P53Codon72多态性和P53蛋白与宫颈癌放疗敏感性有相关性,可以作为早期宫颈癌放疗敏感性的预测指标。     

Analysis of susceptibility polymorphisms for nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in the Brazilian population

Background : Although genome‐wide association studies have identified several susceptibility loci for nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) in populations around the world, the role of most loci is unknown in the highly heterogeneous Brazilian population. Methods : To determine the association of 7 markers that showed genome‐wide significant association in Brazilians with NSCL/P, we conducted a structured association study conditioned upon the individual ancestry proportions to evaluate markers at 1p36 (rs742071), 2p21 (rs7590268), 3p11.1 (rs7632427), 8q21.3 (rs12543318), 13q31.1 (rs8001641), 15q22.2 (rs1873147), and 17q22 (rs227731) in 505 patients with NSCL/P and 594 healthy controls recruited from 2 different geographical regions of Brazil. The polymorphisms were genotyped by TaqMan 5′‐exonuclease allelic discrimination assay, and each sample was independently typed for 40 biallelic short insertion/deletion markers to characterize the genomic ancestry. Results : After Bonferroni correction for multiple tests, significant associations with NSCL/P were observed for rs742071, rs1873147, and rs227731. However, the frequency of the risk alleles varied between the geographical regions, according to the proportions of European and African genomic ancestry. The group enriched by European ancestry showed significant association with rs227731 (p = 0.001), whereas the group with high African ancestry was significantly associated with rs1873147 polymorphism (p = 0.005). The significant association with rs742071 was only detected in the combined sample (p = 0.005). Conclusion : The findings of the present study revealed the associations of 1p36 (rs742071), 15q22 (rs1873147), and 17p22 (rs227731) with NSCL/P in the Brazilian population, and further confirmed that the genetic heterogeneity of NSCL/P may be related to the different ethnic background of the affected individuals. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 100:36–42, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Evaluating eight newly identified susceptibility loci for nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate in a Mesoamerican population

Background: Nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is among the most frequently occurring congenital malformations worldwide. The number of genetic loci identified as being involved in NSCL/P etiology was recently increased by a large genome‐wide meta‐analysis of European and Asian samples. This meta‐analysis confirmed all six previously recognized genetic susceptibility loci and identified six novel ones. Methods: To investigate which of these 12 loci contribute to NSCL/P risk in an independent sample of distinct ethnicity, we performed a case–control association analysis in a sample of the Mesoamerican population. A total of 153 individuals with NSCL/P (cases) and 337 unaffected controls were included. Top single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at 8 of the 12 loci (1p22.1, 1p36, 2p21, 3p11.1, 8q21.3, 13q31.1, 15q22, and 20q12) were analyzed using mass spectroscopy and restriction‐length‐fragment polymorphism analyses. In a previous study, we had analyzed the remaining four NSCL/P susceptibility regions (IRF6, 8q24, 10q25, and 17q22) in the same sample. Results: Single‐marker association analyses applying allelic, dominant, and recessive models revealed nominal significant associations for four of the eight loci, with two additional loci showing at least a trend of association in the hypothesized direction. Conclusion: In combination with results from our previous study using the same sample, our data suggest that the majority of the known NSCL/P susceptibility regions identified to date also confer risk for this malformation in the Mesoamerican population. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 100:43–47, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.