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王志豪;李红斌;刘会群 《钢铁研究学报》2025,37(1):117-126
C-Mn钢相变动力学方程的构建,对其微观组织调控和力学性能提升具有重要的指导意义。使用Gleeble-3500热模拟实验机、光学显微镜(OM)、场发射扫描电镜(SEM)等对C-Mn钢进行连续冷却转变行为研究,并基于相变产物对传统JMAK方程进行优化。结果表明:C-Mn钢经1 000℃完全奥氏体化后以0.5~50℃/s的速率冷却,随着冷却速率v的不断增大,过冷奥氏体先后经历铁素体、珠光体、贝氏体和马氏体相变,当冷却速率大于20℃/s时,组织为全马氏体,且对应转变温度区间分别为728~516℃、517~400℃和330~190℃。当冷却速率增大时,相变产物转变临界时间跨度t0以指数形式减小,经指数拟合得t0=120.6 v-0.83。基于不同相变产物对晶粒生长指数n值的影响规律,建立不同冷却速率下n值关于冷却速率的函数关系式并构建了JMAK相变动力学方程。模型预测精度得到提升,对于JMAK方程在描述非等温快速冷却条件下多相转变过程具有一定推动作用。 相似文献
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在应用C-Mn钢工业大数据进行神经网络建模时,如果将大量原始数据不加处理或者经过简单的剔除异常值处理后进行建模,很容易建立满足一定精度要求的模型。但是,如果进一步研究模型的规律性,却常常有违背客观规律的情况。这是由于原始数据中大量的数据相互干扰和生产数据的离散分布造成的。因此在建模过程中,需要将冗余和误差较大的数据剔除,保证训练数据和预测数据的均匀分布,这样能够在减小建模的计算量的同时保证数据具有显著的规律性,从而建立出合理的模型。文章利用Bayes神经网络建立了多种牌号C-Mn钢力学性能预测模型,并对影响屈服强度的工艺参数进行了分析。经统计,屈服强度和抗拉强度的预测数据中分别有96.64%和99.16%的数据预测值和实测值绝对误差在±30 MPa之内,伸长率的预测数据中有85.71%的数据预测值和实测值绝对误差在±4%内。 相似文献
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研究Al预脱氧对Ce处理钢夹杂物和显微组织的影响,利用热力学计算、带能谱的扫描电镜和DIL805A热膨胀仪检测进行了对比研究。得到如下结论:Ce处理后钢中的主要夹杂物从MnS转变为Ce2O2S+MnS,Al脱氧能使Ce处理钢中夹杂物转变为CeAlO3+Ce2S3+MnS。Ce处理C-Mn钢连续冷却过程有利于获得晶内铁素体的冷速为2~8℃/s。Al脱氧能改变诱导晶内铁素体形核的核心夹杂物种类,诱导铁素体形核的能力降低,且Al能够使Ce处理钢连续冷却组织转变(CCT)曲线向左上方移动,促进铁素体在晶界形核,不利于Ce处理后晶内铁素体的形成。Al脱氧Ce处理C-Mn钢在冷速为2~5℃/s时,由于夹杂物核心成分的改变与Al合金化作用导致晶内铁素体含量较未用Al脱氧Ce处理钢少。 相似文献
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针对多目标优化算法中综合目标函数权值难以确定的问题,通过对偏好的数学量化,采用数值分析的方法,构造了6种不同的偏好函数,建立了物理规划(physical programming)数学模型,然后以遗传算法为寻优工具,实现一种更加灵活更加适合于工程技术人员的交互式多目标优化算法。结合某冷轧厂实际的轧制规程优化过程,选取等功率裕量、轧制总能耗及各机架打滑因子为目标函数,运用基于遗传算法的PP进行优化计算。结果表明,优化后的轧制规程很好地实现了各机架等功率负荷分配,降低了打滑出现的概率,大大提高了板材表面质量和成品成材率。 相似文献
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深入研究了智能化轧钢技术在镍系高强度钢(9Ni和5Ni)生产中的应用与优化策略,通过分析钢材微观结构与性能的关系、轧制过程中的温度控制挑战、智能化调整工艺流程等关键问题,提出了包括温度自动控制、轧辊智能化和机器学习在生产优化中的角色等多层次、多方面的解决方案。通过优化工艺参数和引入新型材料,提出智能化轧钢技术综合应用的策略,为镍系高强度钢生产提供了全面可行的方案,有望在提高生产效率、产品质量和工艺灵活性方面取得显著成果。 相似文献
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This paper presents a mathematical stochastic methodology for transit route network optimization. The goal is to provide an effective computational tool for the optimization of a large-scale transit route network to minimize transfers with reasonable route directness while maximizing service coverage. The methodology includes representation of transit route network solution search spaces, representation of transit route and network constraints, and a stochastic search scheme based on an integrated simulated annealing and genetic algorithm solution search method. The methodology has been implemented as a computer program, tested using previously published results, and applied to a large-scale realistic network optimization problem. 相似文献
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Opencast mines operating in an area with dominant groundwater features may face hydrology-related problems such as heaving and bursting of the mine floor due to excessive uplift pressure. A proper groundwater control system has to be implemented to solve these problems. But the groundwater control system, which includes dewatering and depressurization wells may also create impacts on local groundwater flows. Therefore, an optimization-based development of the groundwater control system is required to ensure that local and regional hydrogeological impacts are within acceptable limits. This note presents a case study where an optimization program based on the simulated annealing technique was developed and applied to a three-dimensional seven-layer groundwater model. The calibrated groundwater flow model, which is based on MODFLOW, was used as the simulation component in the linked simulation-optimization model. The combined model was then used to identify the optimum depressurization strategy. The results show that this combined simulation and optimization methodology is a viable approach for solving large-scale groundwater management problems. 相似文献
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建立铝板带热轧过程热力耦合数学模型,在SRINIVAS自适应遗传算法基础上,考虑进化代数的影响,对交叉、变异概率进行自适应改进,合理构造非线性约束惩罚函数项,以功耗、负荷分配、板形为优化目标,对某1系铝板带热精轧进行轧制规程优化。经过与实际生产数据比对,验证了上述算法的有效性。 相似文献
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介绍了南通宝钢低温用焊丝钢BTH60的工艺优化情况,根据钢种特性有效控制钢中残余有害元素和合金元素,通过对脱氧机理分析实施了精炼渣系优化、夹杂物变性处理技术和控氮技术,合理运用非金属夹杂物控制技术和控制轧制工艺,实现了钢中低P、S、O、N和低级别夹杂物,完全满足产品的成分、力学性能、低温冲击韧性和夹杂物要求,逐步形成了稳定的BTH60的生产工艺路线,产品质量稳定,组织性能优良,满足了用户要求。 相似文献
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阐述了无功优化的重要性,并分析了遗传算法的无功优化在实际中存在的问题。在传统的遗传算法的基础上对变异操作提出尾部占优的原则,并将设备动作优先级和历史数据引入遗传算法中,使控制设备动作更合理,动作次数少,有效提高电网电压合格率,减少网损。 相似文献
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A new approach that links genetic algorithm (GA) as an optimization tool with Monte Carlo simulation (MCS)-based reliability program is presented for reliability-constrained optimal design of water treatment plant (WTP). The reliability of a WTP is defined as the probability that it can achieve the desired effluent water quality standard (WQS). The objective function minimizes the treatment cost, subjected to design and performance constraints, and to achieve desired reliability level for meeting the given effluent WQS. The random variables used to generate the reliability estimates are suspended solids (SS) concentration, flow rate, specific gravity of floc particle, temperature of raw water, sedimentation basin performance index, and model coefficients. The application of GA-MCS approach for design of a WTP is illustrated with a hypothetical case study. The annualized cost of WTP is affected by the number of uncertain parameters included in the analysis, coefficient of variation of uncertain parameters, effluent WQS, and target reliability level. Analysis suggests that higher reliability at lower annual cost of treatment can be achieved by limiting the fluctuation of uncertain parameters. Results show that distribution of effluent SS is also affected by the uncertainty. The suggested GA-MCS approach is efficient to evaluate treatment cost-reliability tradeoff for WTP. Results demonstrate that the combination of GA with MCS is an effective approach to obtain the reliability-constrained optimal/near-optimal solution of WTP design problem consistently. 相似文献