铜陵冬瓜山层状铜矿同位素地球化学及成矿机制研究

长江中下游地区是中国重要的铜、金、硫产地,区内分布着一系列喷流沉积及喷流沉积热液叠加改造型层状铜金矿床。本文以冬瓜山层状铜矿床为例,通过热液流体和矿石同位素地球化学研究,探讨层状铜矿床的成矿机制,重点分析了成矿物质的来源。冬瓜山铜矿床热液流体氢、氧、碳和锶同位素分析表明,成矿热液流体主要来自岩浆,混有少量大气降水;CO2可能主要来自被岩浆同化的原始地层中海相沉积碳酸盐;ISr具有地壳物质来源的特征。各种类型矿石的硫、铅同位素研究显示,硫具有海底喷流沉积和后期岩浆热液叠加作用的特征,铅则以上地壳铅为主,混有少量的地幔铅。上述同位素地球化学特征表明冬瓜山层状铜矿床是在原始沉积基础上,经燕山期岩浆热液叠加成矿作用所形成。     

海南抱伦金矿床成矿时代研究

抱伦金矿床是海南省新近发现的大型金矿床之一，属于发育于下志留统陀烈组浅变质岩系中受断裂构造裂隙控制的岩浆热液型金矿床。成矿流体包裹体特征和氢氧同位素研究表明，成矿流体以岩浆水为主，有部分变质水的参与，大气降水影响比较小；成矿元素地球化学背景、硫同位素、稀土元素和初始锶比值等反映成矿物质来源虽然以变质岩为主，但有部分来源于岩浆岩；成矿物质和成矿流体来源反映出成矿作用与岩浆活动的密切关系。由热液蚀变矿物Rb-Sr等时线年龄234Ma和K－Ar年龄213Ma可知，金矿化年龄为210－230Ma，所以，抱化金矿床的成矿时代为印支期。这一结果与粤西－海南成矿带的成矿时代特征及特提斯构造演化特点相吻合。     

甘肃-新疆北山成矿带典型矿床成矿流体研究进展及成矿作用探讨

北山地区典型金矿床中常见H2O溶液包裹体、富CO2多相包裹体和富CH4包裹体, 成矿流体的挥发分主要为H2O-CO2-CH4。包裹体测温结果显示各类型金矿经历了多期流体活动, 属于中高-中低温、中-低盐度流体成矿。CO2和CH4的δ13C值表明前者来自岩浆脱气, 后者来自围岩地层。氢、氧同位素组成指示成矿流体主要来源于岩浆流体和大气降水来源的地下水, 但部分矿床渗入了少量变质水。大部分矿床成矿物质来源具有多元性, 壳源和幔源均存在, 根据成矿物理化学条件壳幔成分有差别。金属硫化物具岩浆硫和地层硫混合特点, 主要受赋矿围岩控制; 铅同位素组成反映主要来源于造山带或成熟弧环境, 上地壳铅也不同程度地提供了成矿物质。综合北山地区典型金矿床的包裹体测温、成矿流体组分以及成矿流体C、H、O同位素和成矿物质的S、Pb同位素特征, 我们认为各类型金矿床具有不同的成因控制因素。马庄山、南金山、金窝子和210矿床都以不同组成流体混合作用控制成矿; 小西弓、新金厂及老金厂金矿成矿早期, 热液流体围绕着岩浆侵入体作对流循环, 成矿晚期, 流体在围岩中作大面积的渗透淋滤。     

江西大背坞金矿床成因探讨

从硫同位素、铅同位素、硅同位素、碳同位素及稀土元素特征等方面资料反映出大背坞金矿成矿物质来源具有双桥山群地层为主、并有燕山期岩浆物质加入的双重特征；从成矿流体包裹体特征分析表明成矿流体主要来源于岩浆水；成矿蚀变矿物的铷—锶同位素获得等时线年龄为１１８Ｍａ；结合构造演化与构造控矿规律提出了大背坞金矿床成因新认识：即属于受构造控制的中高温岩浆热液矿床。     

青海省兴海县铜峪沟铜矿床成矿物质和流体来源的地球化学探讨

青海铜峪沟铜矿床位于祁漫塔格-鄂拉山成矿亚带鄂拉山多金属矿带东南段。通过对铜峪沟铜矿床的矿石矿物微量元素地球化学研究及矿石矿物的稳定同位素研究,探讨该矿床的成矿物质及流体来源,确定矿床的成因。从测试结果来看,稀土元素配分模式为轻稀土较富集、重稀土亏损、分馏程度较高、Eu中度-强烈亏损,显示矿石物质来源为混合来源;硫同位素δ³⁴S测试结果全为负值,属轻硫型,总体上揭示出硫主要来自地层的沉积硫;铅同位素测试数据表明矿石铅部分来自沉积成岩阶段,部分与印支期造山运动有关,表明成矿物质混合来源的特征,富成矿流体在成矿之前存在均一化过程。氢、氧、硅同位素研究表明成矿热液为原生岩浆水和变质热液水,反映成矿物质来源与岩浆热液活动有关。通过研究认为,铜峪沟铜矿床为矽卡岩型铜矿床。     

内蒙古新地沟绿岩型金矿床地球化学特征

新地沟金矿床产于新太古界色尔腾山群绿片岩系中，属层控绿岩型金矿床。矿床流体包裹体研究表明，矿床形成于中温(220～320℃)、中等深度(2．8～3．8km)，压力降低流体发生相分离的条件下。主成矿阶段矿液属低盐度(为1．2～3．5Wt％NaCl)的Clˉ-Na^ -K^ 型溶液。矿石中石英的包裹体成分比值特点及包裹体氢-氧同位素特征表明，成矿流体具深部来源特征，为深部原始岩浆水与天水或地下水混合来源。矿床硫同位素组成接近陨石值，属深源硫，矿石铅亦具深部来源特征，表明成矿物质来源于地壳深部或上地幔与下地壳之过渡带。上述矿床地球化学特征进一步证实该矿床属层控绿岩型金矿类型。     

河南熊耳山蚀变断层岩型金矿床成因的地质及地球化学特征

本文通过太华群，熊耳群和燕山期花岗岩等地质体的含金性评价，认为熊耳山蚀变断层岩型金矿床的的金等成矿元素大多来自太华群，且太华群是主要的矿源层，对矿床的硫，铅，氢，氧和碳同位素的研究表明，硫，铅及碳等成矿物质源于太华群，而成矿流体则主要为大气降水，可能有少量岩浆水的加入。结合晚太古代至元古宙的区域变质作用，燕山期的构造－岩浆热事件和成矿时代，作者认为该类金矿床是一种复杂的改造型矿床，燕山期的构造－岩     

雪峰山铲子坪金矿床稳定同位素特征及成矿地质意义

铲子坪金矿位于雪峰山构造岩浆岩带的白马山复式花岗岩体外接触带附近。本文通过对铲子坪金矿床岩石地球化学以及稳定同位素的研究,探讨其矿床成矿物质来源及矿床成因。研究结果表明:矿石中金属硫化物的δ34S介于-7.58‰~+0.32‰,平均为-2.44‰,富轻硫,表明硫化物中的硫主要来自花岗岩浆,有部分地层硫酸盐中的硫混入;铅同位素组成相对稳定,变化范围很小。根据铅构造模式图解和△γ-△β图解,铅同位素主要来源于地幔,有部分地壳铅的加入;氢、氧同位素表明成矿流体具有变质热液和岩浆热液的双重性,成矿晚期热液有大气水成分加入;碳同位素表明成矿流体与砂质板岩关系密切,与地幔或深部流体有一定的关系,矿床成矿流体中的CO2很可能为壳幔混合;锶同位素研究表明,铲子坪金矿床的(87Sr/86Sr)i组成特征与华南陆壳重熔性花岗岩初始岩浆水的(87Sr/86Sr)i组成特征基本一致,表明其成矿作用可能与岩浆热液有关。铲子坪金矿成因类型为岩浆热液型。     

祁雨沟金矿田S、O、C、Pb同位素组成及成矿物质来源

祁雨沟金矿田是由以隐爆角砾岩型为主、石英脉型、构造破碎带蚀变岩型和斑岩－角砾岩型等金矿床组成的一个成矿亚系列．该矿田硫同位素组成变化范围较窄,δ３４ＳΣＳ＝－０．１７‰,硫来源于深沉岩浆;氧同位素变化范围为－４．３１％０～４．６０‰,主成矿期与幔源岩浆水氧同位素值相近,晚期出现负值,表明有大气降水参与成矿;成矿晚期联同位素的δ１３ＣΣＣ＝－３．８３‰,为岩浆碳与地层碳酸盐不同比例混合的结果;铅同位素研究表明．矿床铅为正常铅混合型,μ值较低,成矿铅主要来源于岩浆,有少量地层铅混入．经同位素、构造、地层、岩浆岩、矿物微量元素和包裹体等综合研究,表明本区金矿成矿物质主要来自壳幔层同熔的燕山期花岗质钙碱性岩浆,部分来自上地壳太华群变质岩．     

河南老湾金矿床成矿流体性质与同位素地球化学示踪

老湾金矿床是河南桐柏地区典型的剪切带型金矿床。流体包裹体特征显示成矿流体为中低温、低盐度的含CO_2的K~+-Na~+-Cl~-SO_4~(2-)体系;氢氧同位素研究结果显示矿床成矿早期阶段以岩浆水为主要成矿热液来源,成矿晚期阶段以大气降水为主要热液来源:矿石铅同位素特征显示成矿物质源区与龟山岩组、老湾花岗岩有亲缘关系,且与花岗岩接近,显示其深源特征,进一步提供了成矿流体岩浆成因的证据。     

The terrestrial fauna of the Late Triassic Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry fissures,South Wales,UK and a new species of Clevosaurus (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia)

Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.     

Définition d'une limite multicritère ; stratigraphie du passage Campanien–Maastrichtien du site géologique de Tercis (Landes,SW France)Definition of a multi-criteria boundary; stratigraphy of the Campanian–Maastrichtian interval of the geological site at Tercis (Landes,SW France)

Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.     

The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts

The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H₂O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H₂O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.     

Late Wuchiapingian (Late Dzhulfian,early Late Permian) limestone olistolites within the Tertiary flysch of Glypia Unit (Mount Parnon,central–eastern Peloponnesus,Greece)

Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931.     

PALEONTOLOGY

正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.)     

GEOCHEMICAL EXPLORATION

正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.)     

MICROPALAEONTOLOGY

正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.)     

PETROLOGY

正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus.,     

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY

正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an