双门深经颅多普勒检测机械心瓣膜患者微栓子信号的研究

目的:研究脑动脉微栓子信号(MES)的基本特征.方法:采用双门深经颅多普勒(TCD)检测了21例机械心瓣膜患者的脑动脉MES.结果:MES阳性发现率为80.95%(17/21),MES出现频率为0～404(中位数40)个/小时,MES相对强度为11～38(23.63±5.13)dB.84.89%的MES在二个取样深度依次显示,时间延迟为0.4～28.4(中位数6.0)ms,15.11%MES仅见于近端通道,而在远端通道未能显示.结论:双门深TCD是研究MES基本特征的有效方法.     

人工心瓣膜患者微栓子信号和凝血活性的相关性研究

目的 :研究人工心瓣膜患者脑动脉微栓子信号 (MES)的数量及相对强度与凝血活性的相关性。方法 :采用双门深经颅多普勒 (TCD)检测人工心瓣膜患者脑动脉MES ,同时检测患者凝血酶原时间国际通用比值 (INR) ,观察MES数量及相对强度与INR的相关性。结果 :MES阳性发现率 83 33% (2 5 30 ) ,MES出现频率 0～ 4 0 4 (中位数 4 0 )个 h ,MES平均相对强度 11～ 38(2 3 6 3±5 13)dB。INR1 12～ 3 5 1(1 95± 0 6 9)。MES数量及相对强度与INR无相关性。结论 :人工心瓣膜患者脑动脉MES与凝血活性无关 ,提示微栓子物质不是血栓性的     

双门深经颅多普勒超声对脑动脉微栓子信号检测的敏感性和特异性研究

目的 :研究双门深经颅多普勒超声对微栓子信号 (MES)检测的敏感性和特异性。方法 :采用双门深TCD对 30例人工心瓣膜患者进行脑动脉微栓子检测 ,并与在线状态下有经验医师的人工判断 (作为黄金标准 )相比较。结果 :双门深TCD检测MES的敏感性为 6 0 2 % ,特异性为 6 7 8%。结论 :双门深TCD为识别、检测MES提供了新方法 ,但在线状态下的人工判断仍然是必要的。MES相对强度阈值对双门深TCD检测MES敏感性和特异性的影响值得进一步研究。     

双通道经颅多普勒超声检测机械心瓣膜患者微栓子信号

目的观察脑动脉微栓子信号(MES)的基本特征,结合TCD-8软件分析检测MES的敏感性和特异性.方法采用双通道TCD和TCD-8软件检测4例机械心瓣膜患者的脑动脉MES.结果2例发现MES信号,MES相对强度为14～34(26.5士4.9)dB,时间延迟为0.5～20.3(中位数为5.3)ms,TCD-8软件检测MES的敏感性为64.20%,特异性为69.33%.结论双通道TCD不仅是研究MES基本特征的有效方法,也为识别、检测MES提供了新方法,但在线状态下人工判断仍是必需的.     

经颅多普勒对人工心瓣膜患者脑动脉微栓子的监测

目的监测人工心瓣膜患者脑动脉微栓子(MES)情况.方法采用Multi-DopX4经颅多普勒超声(TCD)监测20例人工心瓣膜患者脑动脉微栓子.结果微栓子阳性14例,阳性率为70%,出现频率为0～319个/30min,相对强度为11～42(均数为22.9)dB,时间延迟为0.9～35(均数为11.6)ms.结论TCD是监测人工心瓣膜患者脑动脉微栓子的较可靠的方法.     

经颅多普勒对人工心瓣膜患者脑动脉微栓子的监测

目的 监测人工心瓣膜患者脑动脉微栓子(MES)情况。方法 采用Multi-DopX4经颅多普勒超声(TCD)监测20例人工心瓣膜患者脑动脉微栓子。结果 微栓子阳性14例，阳性率为70％，出现频率为0～319个／30min，相对强度为11～42(均数为22．9)dB，时间延迟为0．9～35(均数为11.6)ms。结论 TCD是监测人工心瓣膜患者脑动脉微栓子的较可靠的方法。     

TCD在脑血管造影中的应用

目的利用TCD在脑血管造影中进行微小栓子信号的检出与脑梗塞的出现频度进行研究讨论.方法2001年8月～2003年4月,利用本设施89例患者在脑血管造影中进行TCD检查,其中,男性44例,女性51例,年龄11～77岁(平均52.6岁).使用NICORET EME公司制TCDTD2020 2MHZ探头从一侧颞部对深度在40 mm～50 m之间两个不同深度的大脑中动脉领域内进行连续检测.MES设定条件为threshold level 6～9 dB,记录时间1秒,自动记录后,再将所记录的MES的周波数确认,周波数在400 HZ以上为气泡,周波数在400 HZ以下为固体.另外,对发现MES的17例患者脑血管造影后1～10日内进行MRI检查,了解有无新鲜脑梗塞灶发生.结果由颞部未能检出血流波形的患者为16%(14/89例),均为55岁以上,男女比例为314.能够检出血流波形的患者中83%(62/75)发现了MES.MES的发生频度为透视下试验性造影时2±2.2个,正式造影时5±4.4个,操作导管时2±0.7个.所测定出的MES经过周波数分析认为87%(54/62例)为气泡,13%(8/62例)为固休.另外,对发现MES的病例的27%(17/62例)进行MRI检查,其中18%(3/17例)发现新鲜梗塞灶.结论脑血管造影病例中TCD检查83%发现MES,其中87%(54/62例)为气泡,13%(8/62例)为固体,另外,MRI检查发现有新鲜梗塞灶者3例(4.8%).经过本研究认为造影剂注入量的减少及慎重的导管操作对减少MES的发生是非常重要的.     

椎基底动脉短暂缺血性眩晕患者脑血流量与脑干听力诱发电位的关系研究

为探讨椎基底动脉短暂缺血性眩晕 (VBTIV)患者的脑干听力诱发电位 (BAEP)与脑血流量 (CBF)和病理改变的关系 ,对 6 5例 VBTIV患者 (患者组 )作磁共振血管成像 (MRA)、经颅多普勒 (TCD)和 BAEP检查 ,对 2 6例对照组患者作 MRA和 TCD检查。结果 :MRA显示患者组 5 0例血管病理改变明显 ,1 5例改变不明显或无改变 ;对照组脑血流量为 1 1 2 .3～ 2 78.9ml/ min(2 s) ,较患者组 48.0～ 2 6 2 .0 m l/ min高 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,患者组 1 5例脑血流量下降 ,5 0例脑血流量正常 ;患者组 BAEP异常 47例 (72 .3% ) ,其中 ,1 5例脑血流量下降者 ,1 4例(93.3% ) BAEP异常 ,比 5 0例脑血流量正常者中的 33例 (6 6 % ) BAEP异常高 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;5 0例血管病理改变明显者 ,BAEP异常 40例 (80 % ) ,比 1 5例血管病理改变轻或无改变者中的 7例 (43.3% ) BAEP异常高 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,说明BAEP与 CBF和血管病理改变密切相关     

200例颈内动脉系统短暂性脑缺血发作的微栓子监测

目的　研究颈内动脉系统短暂性脑缺血发作 (TIA)的微栓子 (MES)情况 ,微栓子对病人再发卒中的影响。方法　对2 0 0例颈内动脉系统TIA病人进行经颅彩色多谱勒 (TCD)检测 ,其中 15 3例分别于入院第 1、2、3天 ,1周 ,1个月 ,半年时做TCD栓子监测 ,并随访。结果　发现MES的阳性率为 16 .5 % ,有MES的患者缺血事件半年内的再发率 6 6 .7% ,无MES的患者 2 2 .7% ,P <0 .0 5。在TIA的发生和MES发生率之间有时间间隔的影响。结论　颈内动脉系统TIA病人进行TCD栓子监测发现的MES是早期卒中再发的重要的危险因素 ,TIA发生后距TCD检测之间时间越短 ,MES的发生率越高。     

经颅多普勒超声检测在小儿偏头痛诊断中的作用

目的　评价经颅多普勒超声 (TCD)检测偏头痛患儿颅内动脉血流异常的诊断价值。方法　对 3 2例 7～ 14岁偏头痛患儿进行TCD检测并随防 3个月 (观察组 ) ,并与同期健康儿童 3 2例进行对照。结果　观察组检测异常为 90 .63 % (2 9/3 2 ) ,对照组为 12 .5 % (4 /3 2 ) ;两组TCD检测各动脉血液速度比较差异有高度显著性 (P均 <0 .0 1)。结论　经颅多普勒超声检测颅内动脉血流速度异常对小儿偏头痛诊断具有较高的参考价值。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.