中国八宝属(Hylotelephium)花粉形态研究

利用扫描电子显微镜观察了中国八宝属（Hylotelephium)15种1变种植物的花粉结构。试图通过花粉形态的研究为八宝属的植物分类提供参考依据。     

侧金盏花属（Adonis L.）植物花粉形态研究

本文利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对国产9种1变种及外国产8种侧金盏花属植物的花粉形态进行了研究,认为该属的花粉可以划分为2个大类型,这与根据外部形态分类划分的两个组是吻合的。另外根据本届花粉形态的变异,又将其中的1个大类型划分为4个亚类型。为进一步讨论该属的系统关系提供依据。 侧金盏花属植物是隶属于毛莨科毛莨族中的一个小属,约有30余种,分布于欧、亚大陆。我国有10种、1变种和2变型,分布于西南、西北、东北和山西等省区。本属植物的花粉形态过去在文献上曾有一些记载,如R.P.Wodhouse(1936)对本属的夏侧金盏花A.aestivalis)和A.vernalis进行了研究。《中国植物花粉形态》(1960)一书仅借助于光学显微镜描述了侧金盏花(A.amurensis)的花粉形态。T.Santisuk(1979)对本属12种(其中有4种产中国)的花粉形态进行了观察研究。但是,以上学者只是对本属植物的花粉形态作了轮廓性和描述和简单的讨论。他们报道该属的花粉为椭圆形或球形,具三沟、沟长而狭,轮廓不显著,沟膜具颗粒状雕纹;外壁分二层,外层厚,表面具刺状雕纹等。本文对国产的9种1变种以及外国的8种花粉形态分别利用了光学显微镜和扫描电镜进行了观察研究。     

山东补血草属花粉形态的研究

利用扫描电子显微镜首次对山东补血草属三种、一变种的花粉形态进行了观察研究, 报道了花粉形态特征, 探讨了花粉形态特征的分类学意义。结果表明本属花粉粒大小和外壁纹饰可作为分种的依据。同时结果也支持新变种--刺突补血草(Lmonium sinense(Girard)Kunt zevar.Spinulosum Y.Huang)的成立。     

山东补血草属花粉形态的研究

利用扫描电子显微镜首次对山东补血草属三种、一变种的花粉形态进行了观察研究,报道了花粉形态特征,探讨了花粉形态特征的分类学意义。结果表明本属花粉粒大小和外壁纹饰可作为分种的依据。同时结果也支持新变种－刺突补血草（Lmonium sinense(Girard)Kuntze var.Spinulosum Y.Huang)的成立。     

八角属花粉形态研究

本文利用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对八角属(Illicium L.)14种1变种的花粉形态作了研究。通过花粉形态的研究,验证了在分类上本属所分各组的合理性,讨论了该属花粉形态的演化趋势。     

中国独活属和当归属系统演化及区系地理的温带性

中国复杂的地质地貌和古老的地史,尤其在横断山区和四川地区,是伞形科独活属及其近邻属的演化和分化中心,区系古老且温带性质明显.从核型和花粉方面分析,独活属和当归属的系统演化表现出比较密切的亲缘关系.     

国产含羞草科一些属花粉形态的研究

利用光镜及电镜观察了中国含羞草科金合欢属、合欢属、棋子豆属、围诞树属、朱缨花属、心叶合欢属等６属３７种（含变种）植物的花粉形态,对其花粉大小,外壁纹饰进行了比较分析。结果表明它们均为１６合花粉（除薄叶围诞树Ａｂｅｒａｍａ ｕｔｉｌｅ为８合花粉外）,在分类上无多大价值;而花粉大小及外壁纹饰却有一定分类意义。表现为：金合金欢属花粉较小,直径为２５－３０μｍ,很容易区别;其余属花粉直径均在５０μｍ以上。     

槭树科花粉形态的研究

用光学显微镜及扫描电子显微对槭树科２属１０种１亚种４变种的花粉形态进行了研究。结果表明,金钱属的花粉为３孔沟,槭树属的花粉分为３沟和３孔沟两大类型。研究结果澄清了前人一些片面的看法,并从花粉形态特征探讨了该科各属及类型间的亲缘关系。     

中国独活属叶柄的解剖学研究

本文首次观察了我国独活属１５种地柄解剖的结构的基本特变异幅度。根据叶柄的维管束排列,结合横切面形态,近轴面沟槽的有无及形态周缘的变化及髓腔的有无等特征,把１５种独活的叶柄剖分为５个类型。依据各类型的结构特点结合其植物的外部形态,以及细胞学和花粉形态等特征,讨论了这５个类型可能的演化关系和独活属的属下分类问题,作者认为我国西南部的横断山区不仅独活属植物的种类丰富。是该属的频度中心,而且形态分化活跃,     

中国伞形科独活属果实表面微形态特征及其分类学意义

采用扫描电镜方法对中国伞形科独活属15个种的果实表面微形态特征进行了比较观察.结果表明:(1)多数种的外果皮表面细胞为凹陷型,细胞形状为4～6边形、不规则形和细胞轮廓不可见.(2)外果皮纹饰可分为网状纹饰和条状纹饰两类;多数种类具有尖囊状或带状表皮毛以及鳞片状或颗粒状的分泌物.(3)其微形态特征在独活属属下种间表现出丰富的多样性,可为种的划分提供重要的分类学依据.(4)结合形态学、孢粉学、细胞学和解剖学等特征对钝叶独活(H.candicans var.obtusifolium)和长裂叶独活(H.millefolium var.longilobum)的系统位置分析认为:将钝叶独活作为白亮独活的变种处理较恰当;将长裂叶独活作为种(H.longilobum)处理,系统位置在裂叶独活(H.millefolium)之后.     

Pollen Morphology of Hydrocotyloideae and Saniculoideae (Apiaceae) in China

Pollen grains of 30 species and 2 varieties from China, belonging to 5 genera (out of 36 species in 5 genera) of Hydrocotyloideae and Saniculoideae, were examined with light microscope and scanning electron microscope. 1.Six types of the pollen shape are recognized in Hydrocotyloideae and Saniculoideae from China, and their evolutionary trend is from rhomboidal→subspheroidal→ellipsoidal→subrectangular→superrectangular to equatorially-constricted. 2.Pollen grains of Hydrocotyloideae are mostly ellipsoidal with P / E ratio 1.07-1.6, the polar axis 22.5-46μm long, the equatorial axis 13.75-27.5μm long, and with the size index 21.1-31.8.They are angulapeturate in the great majority, and the exine sculpture is recticulate under SEM. Those of Saniculoideae are mostly superrectangular or rectangular, with P/E ratio 1.3-2.1, the polar axis 35-65μm long, the equatorial axis 17.5-42.5μm long, and with the size index 28.2-49.7. They are planaperturate in the great majority and the exine sculpture is striate-reticulate or cerebro-reticulate under SEM. Therefore, the latter might be more advanced than the former. 3.Pollen grains of Dickinsia Franch., endemic to China, are ellipsoidal,with P/E ratio 1.5,the polar axis 31.25-37.5μm long, the equatorial axis 20-25μm, and with the size index 27.81. They are angulaperturate, and the exine sculpture is cerebroid-reticulate under SEM. The genus is greatly similar to the members of Hydrocotyloideae in pollen morphology, which supports the treatment of the genus asa member of Hydrocotyloideae by Handel-Mazzetti (1933).     

Pollen morphology and germination inNarcissus

Pollen grains of several species and varieties ofNarcissus were examined with a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope. Normal pollen grains were kidney- or spindle-shaped with a germination furrow and a reticulate structure similar to that of the pollen grains ofAmaryllis. Pollen grains germinated within 2 to 3 hr. Percentage of germination was dependent upon temperature and treatment. Pollen tubes grew in length up to 1,000 μm and branched occasionally or behaved in strange fashion. Fresh pollen grains germinated more in distilled water at lower temperature than in sucrose-aqueous medium. Both in the presence and in the absence of stigmatic exudate calcium increased the percentage of germination. Gibberellic acid, abscisic acid and coumarin inhibited the pollen germination. Plasmoptysis occurred in all species and in all media tested except in a medium containing coumarin without stigmatic exudates. Plasmoptysis did not seem to be induced by hypotonic medium alone. Pollen of high germination capacity showed a high percentage of plasmoptysis. Based on the results obtained, evolution and sterility of theNarcissus plant was discussed.     

我国睡莲科花粉形态的研究

本文对我国睡莲科5属11种2变种的花粉形态进行了系统的研究。每种花粉都通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜进行观察和照相。同时对莲和白睡莲二种花粉作了超薄切片,对它们的外型结构进行了透射电镜的观察和照相。并结合有关分类学和孢粉学资料,讨论了本科的原始性、异质性及演化上的问题。     

Investigation on Pollen Morphology of Aconitum L.

Pollen morphology of 62 species in Aconitum L. was investigated with light and scanning electron microscopies. The pollen grains in this genus are 3-colpate and exhibit spinulate surface pattern in all the species. According to the shape of pollen grains in equatorial view Aconiturn L. may be divided into three types. Type Ⅰ pollen grains are wide elliptic; Type Ⅱ are narrow-elliptic and type Ⅲ are rectangular or close to square in shape. The pollen characteristics among species are very similar. The morphological information of the pollen grains shows that species of Aconiturn L. are a natural taxon.     

Studies on the Pollen Morphology of the Genus Brassica (Cruciferae) in China

The present paper reports the pollen morphology of 36 species and varieties of Brassica L. in China mostly for the first time. They were examined both under LM and SEM. Pollen grains of Brassica L. in China are long-spheroidal, subspheroidal, spheriodal, oblate, rarely reniformis or subsquare. According to the aperture characters pollen grains may be divided into four types: 2,3,4-colpate, 3-colpate, 3,4-colpate, 3,4-colporate. The exine sculpture may also be divided into three types: 1, reticulate, 2, cerebroid-reticulate, 3, foveolatereticulate. Detailed characters of pollen grains for each taxon are presented in Table 1. The 2,3,4-colpate type of pollen grains may be considered as primitive one and the 3,4-colpate or 3,4-colporate type of pollen grains is the most advanced in Brassica. The tricolpate aperture and reticulate exine have been reported by the previous authors, whereas, 3,4-colporate and cerebroid-reticulate or foveolate-reticulate pollen grains are newly reported.     

中国槲寄生属花粉形态的研究

首次系统地报道中国槲寄生属10种植物花粉形态。通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察,国产槲寄生属种类可按花粉的外壁纹饰分为两大类群,与形态上划分相一致。类群Ⅰ(8种)具不显著或近光滑的外壁纹饰,这一类型又可分为2个亚型:纹饰在花粉各个部位基本上是一致的和纹饰在赤道和极、沟两侧不一致的;类群Ⅱ(2种)外壁具显著的杆状纹饰。但花粉性状对形态上相近的种类鉴定意义不大。还讨论了槲寄生属花粉的可能的演化趋势。     

Pollen morphology of the genus Nothofagus and its taxonomic significance

The present paper describes the pollen morphology of 26 species and 2 varieties in Nothofagus from Australia, New Zealand, New Caledonia, New Guinea and South America. Pollen grains were all examined with light microscope (LM), scanning electron microscope ( SEM ) and transmission electron microscope(TEM). A comparative analysis of pollen exine ultrastructure was made for some species. The results are summarised as follows: Pollen grains are oblate to peroblate, 5～8-short-colpate, rarely 4- or 9-colpate; colpi generally thickened at margins; pollen surface spinulose. The exine ultrastructure of Nothofagus differs considerably from that of the other genera in the Fagaceae. The pollen grains of the species examined here show great differences in shape, size, colpal number and characteristics of colpi at margins and could be divided into three distinct types, i.e. N. brassii type; N. menziesii type and N. fusca type.     

Studies on Pollen Morphology and Taxonomy of Lespedeza and Its Allied Genera from NE China

The pollen morphology of 11 species and 1 variety in the genus Lespedeza and its allied genera (Campylotropis, Kummerowia) from NE China was examined under light and scanning electron microscopes. 1. Lespedeza Michx. (plate 1:1-6; 2:1-6; 3:1-6; 4:1-2) Pollen grains prolate, rarely subprolate or spheroidal, elliptic or rarely suborbicular in equatorial view, 3-lobed-rounded in polar view, tricolporate, colpus margins smooth or jagged. Polar axis 20.7-33.1μm long, equatorial axis 15.4-20.9 μm long. Exine reticulate or foveolate, lumina verrucose or smooth under SEM. 2. Campylotropis Bge. (plate 4:3-4) One species in NE China, C. macrocarpa (Bge.) Rehd. Pollen grains prolate, elliptic in equatorial view, 3-lobed-rounded in polar view, 3-colporate, colpus linear, 25.1μm long, 1.79μm broad, colpus margins jagged, with a series of verrucae equal in size along one side visible under SEM. Polar axis 19.7μm long, equatorial axis 14.6μm long. Exine reticulate, lumina nearly rounded, verrucose at periphery under SEM. 3. Kummerowia Schindl. (plate 4:5-6) Pollen grains spheroidal, oblate or prolate, elliptic in equatorial view, obtuse-triangular in polar view, tricolporate, colups linear, 25.1μm long, 2.01μm broad, colpus margins sinuate. Polar axis 24.7-27.9μm long, equatorial axis 19.7-26.6μm long. Exine reticulate or subreticulate, lumina nearly rounded, with verrocae visible under SEM. According to the pollen morphology of Lespedeza and its allied genera, the division of Lespedeza (s. lat.) into Lespedeza (S. str.), Campylotropis and Kummarowia by Schindler (1912) is reasonable. The subdivision of Lespedeza (s. str.) into Sect. Macrolespedeza and Sect. Lespedeza by many botanists, and the treatment of Lespedeze juncea (L. f.) Pers. var. inschanica Maxim. as an independent species (i.e. Lespedeza inschanics (Maxim). Schindl.) are also supported by the pollen morphology shown in the present work.     

Studies On the Pollen Morphology of the Genus Iris in China

In this paper, pollen grains of 32 species of the genus Iris in China were examined under light microscope and scanning elrctron microscope. Pollen grains in Iris of China are navicular or subspheroidal. According to the characters of aperture and shape, pollen grains may be divided into four types: (1) Monocolpate (distal): pollen grains navicular or subspheroidal, exine reticulate. (2) Monocolpate-colpoidal: pollen grains subspheroidal, exine pilate. (3) 2-syncolpate: polen grains subspheroidal or navicular, exine reticulate. (4) No aperture: pollen grains subspheroidal; exine verrucate. The evolutional trends of aperture and exine ornamentation are traced and systematic po-sitions of some species are discussed based on characteristics of pollen grains and other organs.     

凤仙花属总状花序组的花粉形态及其分类学意义

总状花序组隶属于凤仙花亚属凤仙花属,以具多花的总状花序、侧生萼片2枚、子房5室、果实为线状圆柱形、种子多数、迈卵形、种皮表面具指状突起等特征区别于该亚属的其他类群。前人对凤仙花花粉形态的研究表明凤仙花属的花粉形态对于属下分类及种间界定具有重要的分类学价值。而对于总状花序组来说,有关花粉形态方面的研究少有报道,为了进一步探讨该组花粉S的形态特征及其分类学意义,该研究应用扫描电镜技术对总状花序组的21种植物的花粉进行了观察。结果表明:总状花序组植物的花粉粒均具4条萌发沟,两侧对称,极面观为矩圆形、长矩圆形或近方形;长赤道面观多为椭圆形至矩圆形,短赤道面观为椭圆形;长、短赤道轴比值多在1.4~2.4范围内;表面具网状纹饰,网眼在花粉粒表面均匀分布或赤道面的网眼较极面观的小,网脊边缘光滑或具波状突起,网眼内具不同密度的颗粒状突起。该组的花粉形态与宏观形态性状相关性较小,但花粉极面观形状、长短赤道轴的比值、网眼的分布、网脊边缘形状、网眼内颗粒物密度等特征具有种水平上的稳定性和特异性,对该组植物种间界定具有重要的意义。