阻燃型聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料的制备

以芳香醇、脂肪醇及溴代醇为主要物料制备了阻燃聚醚，再与固体阻燃剂和液态阻燃剂复配使用，制得阻燃型聚氨酯泡沫塑料。研究了原料种类、发泡剂、异氰酸酯指数、阻燃剂种类等因素对泡沫阻燃性能的影响。结果表明，该阻燃聚醚与复合阻燃剂复配使用，制得的阻燃型聚氨酯泡沫塑料，其氧指数接近29％，压缩强度为270kPa，达到了国家标准GB/T 8624—1997中B2级氧指数的要求。     

单组分聚氨酯泡沫填缝剂的阻燃性能研究

为得到阻燃性能优良、物理机械性能优异的单组分聚氨酯泡沫填缝剂,系统地研究了混合聚醚、阻燃剂对单组分聚氨酯填缝剂阻燃性能、物理机械性能的影响。优选出了最佳组合,在混合聚醚占配方30%,阻燃聚醚多元醇R2310占配方15%～18%,聚醚多元醇DDL-1000D占配方9%～15%时,TCPP添加量5～15%,氰尿酸三聚氰胺添加量5%～10%的范围内,可制得阻燃性能优良、物理机械性能优异的单组分聚氨酯泡沫填缝剂。     

单组分高阻燃喷涂型聚氨酯泡沫材料的研制

采用单组分聚氨酯泡沫材料加工工艺,通过加入含卤素阻燃聚醚多元醇、阻燃聚酯多元醇、泡沫稳定剂、阻燃剂、抛射剂等原料,制成了单组分高阻燃喷涂型聚氨酯泡沫材料。讨论了主要原料对泡沫材料性能的影响,并对喷涂效果进行了测试。结果表明:由阻燃聚醚多元醇IXOL■M125合成的制品阻燃效果较好,最佳添加量为组合聚醚质量的60%;纳米氢氧化铝添加量为组合聚醚质量的4%~5%时,可得到难燃级材料;异氰酸酯指数为7、二甲醚和丙丁烷质量比为55:45时,所得产品喷涂效果最佳。     

全水发泡阻燃聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料的制备与性能

采用多元醇、异氰酸酯、催化剂、发泡剂和阻燃剂等为原料制备了全水发泡阻燃聚氨酯硬质泡沫(PURF),讨论了聚醚多元醇种类、催化剂、发泡剂、异氰酸酯指数以及阻燃剂对PURF性能的影响。结果表明,聚酯多元醇能够改善泡孔结构,但降低压缩强度和尺寸稳定性;不同催化剂复配,可以控制发泡工艺;水发泡剂与泡沫的密度、泡孔结构、力学性能有关;异氰酸酯指数在1.1～1.2时,泡沫的压缩强度、尺寸稳定性等较好;三(2-氯异丙基)磷酸酯(TCPP)可赋予PURF一定的阻燃性,但对泡体结构、压缩强度和尺寸稳定性有影响。     

IFR/AHP和IFR/EG阻燃发泡聚氨酯的应用研究

将次磷酸铝(AHP)及膨胀石墨(EG)与膨胀阻燃剂(Orient IFR603)进行复配后添加到聚氨酯中制备阻燃硬质发泡聚氨酯(RPUF)材料,研究了IFR/AHP和IFR/EG阻燃发泡聚氨酯材料的阻燃性能、表观密度、力学性能及热降解行为、泡孔结构。结果表明,AHP及EG与IFR对阻燃聚氨酯泡沫材料具有一定的协效作用。IFR及IFR/AHP阻燃体系的加入会使得RPUF的压缩性能有所提升,但IFR/EG阻燃体系降低了材料的压缩性能。阻燃剂的加入改变了聚氨酯泡沫体系的热降解过程。阻燃剂的加入对聚氨酯泡沫材料的泡孔影响不大,阻燃剂的加入使RPUF材料燃烧后碳层更加的致密和均匀。     

结构阻燃型腰果酚基硬质聚氨酯泡沫的制备及性能研究

以三聚氰胺改性腰果酚基阻燃多元醇和异氰酸酯为主要原料,采用环戊烷为发泡剂,添加无卤阻燃膨胀型阻燃剂石墨(EG)、匀泡剂等制备无卤阻燃生物基硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料。探讨结构阻燃型聚醚多元醇、阻燃剂的添加对生物基硬质聚氨酯泡沫的热性能、燃烧性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着阻燃剂的增加,导热系数和固化时间增加;添加相同阻燃剂的泡沫样品其阻燃性能随着添加量的增加而增加,EG在提高氧指数方面优于聚磷酸铵(APP)和乙基膦酸二乙酯(DEEP),固体阻燃剂APP和EG在增加力学性能、热稳定性方面较液体阻燃剂DEEP效果好。     

高固含量接枝聚醚质量影响因素探讨

对影响高固含量 (乙烯基聚合物质量分数 )接枝聚醚性能的几个因素进行了探讨 ,实验表明 ,控制苯乙烯与丙烯腈的质量比在 2 .0～ 2 .2、选择合适的分散剂 ,可获得粘度在 5 5 0 0～ 60 0 0mPa·s、固含量 4 0 %左右的接枝聚醚。对一种分散剂进行了改进 ,改善了所制得块状软泡的压陷硬度。采用复合抗氧剂 ,改善了泡沫的耐黄芯性能。研制的接枝聚醚其各项性能与进口产品的接近。用接枝聚醚与聚醚 30 10以 5 0 / 5 0质量比制得的密度为 2 7kg/m3 的块泡 ,65 %ILD为 5 98N/ (0 .0 32 3m2 ) ,拉伸强度 12 8kPa ,撕裂强度为 175N/m ,伸长率 10 7% ,回弹率 2 7%。     

建筑复合板材用阻燃组合聚醚的开发

通过对聚醚多元醇、阻燃剂及催化剂等的选择试验,开发了建筑复合板材用聚氨酯硬泡组合聚醚。它满足了复合板材对短脱模时间、高阻燃性及高泡沫强度的要求。该阻燃组合聚醚的发泡性能及泡沫产品的性能与进口的同类产品相当。     

建筑用高阻燃型硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料的研制

以国产聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇和泡沫稳定剂、催化剂、发泡剂等助剂为原料,配以液体阻燃剂制备的组合聚醚与多异氰酸酯反应制得的阻燃型聚氨酯泡沫塑料,其密度为50 kg/m~3,氧指数为32,导热系数低于30 mW/(m·K),压缩强度为310 kPa,满足了建筑阻燃要求。     

高反应性阻燃剂Firemaster 520

美国GreatLakes化学公司推出了一种高反应性阻燃剂Firemaster 5 2 0 ,主要用于硬质聚氨酯及聚异氰脲酸酯泡沫塑料。Firemaster5 2 0粘度低 ,含伯羟基 ,与异氰酸酯的反应速度快。在许多发泡体系中 ,阻燃剂的高反应性有益于缩短生产周期和降低表面脆性。降低表面脆性有助于改善薄片饰面材料与泡沫表面的粘附力。低粘度、高反应性的阻燃剂适用于配制低粘度、快速固化的喷涂泡沫体系。Firemaster 5 2 0与水发泡泡沫体系和物理发泡剂泡沫体系有良好的相容性 ,而不牺牲阻燃性能。据说 ,GreatLakes公司原有的反应性阻燃剂PHT 4Diol用于一般泡…     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.